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Pugnacidae

Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Pugnacidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1956Pugnacidae Rzonsnitzkaja
1995Pugnacidae Savage and Baxter p. 1035
2002Pugnacidae Williams et al. p. 1165

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
—PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
RankNameAuthor
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
subphylumRhynchonelliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classRhynchonellataWilliams et al. 1996
orderRhynchonellidaKuhn 1949
superfamilyPugnacoideaRzhonsnitskaia 1956
familyPugnacidaeRzonsnitzkaja 1956
familyPugnacidaeRzonsnitzkaja 1956

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Pugnacidae Rzonsnitzkaja 1956
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G. †Aikarhyncha Havlicek 1990
+
†Aikarhyncha praecox Barrande 1879
G. †Allorhynchoides Savage et al. 1978
+
†Allorhynchoides kirki Savage et al. 1978
G. †Chapinella Savage et al. 1978
+
†Chapinella bucareliensis Savage et al. 1978
+
†Coeloterorhynchus magnificum Cooper and Dutro 1982
G. †Colophragma Cooper and Dutro 1982
+
†Colophragma ellipticum Cooper and Dutro 1982
G. †Eopugnax
+
†Globulirhynchia minima Sokiran 2002
+
†Parapugnax ovata Wang 1985
†Parapugnax qabdoensis Wang 1985
G. †Pleuropugnoides Ferguson 1966
G. †Propriopugnus Brunton 1984
+
†Propriopugnus pugnus Martin 1809
G. †Pugnax
+
†Pugnax kayseri Tschernyschew 1902
†Pugnax keyserlingi Moeller 1862
†Pugnax latesinuata Feng 1986
†Pugnax morahensis Waagen 1883
†Pugnax sublaevis Mansuy 1913
†Pugnax utah Marcou 1858
Invalid names: Physetorhyncha [synonym], Striatopugnax [synonym]
G. †Trifidorostellum Sartenaer 1961
+
†Trifidorostellum obscurum Cooper and Dutro 1982
G. †Zilimia
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yesp
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Created: 2004-02-28 14:12:25
Modified: 2004-02-28 16:12:25
Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Nesnidal et al. 2013

Age range: base of the Silurian to the top of the Changhsingian or 443.10000 to 251.90200 Ma

Collections (141 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Silurian443.1 - 419.62USA (California) Pugnax pugnus (229257)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02China (Guangxi) Kwangsirhynchus liujingensis (4000 4004) Kwangsirhynchus luijingensis (4003)
Helderbergian - Emsian419.62 - 393.47Austria Pugnax sp. (26203)
Lochkovian - Emsian419.62 - 393.47Austria (Carnic Alps) Parapugnax sp., Pugnax preacuminatus, Pugnax scupini (77909)
Pragian413.02 - 410.62China (Guangxi) Kwangsirhynchus liujingensis (25812 25814 75914)
Pragian413.02 - 410.62Czechia (Prague) Aikarhyncha preacox (12071)
Pragian - Emsian413.02 - 393.47Tajikistan Pugnax julii (45831)
Early/Lower Emsian410.62 - 399.5Australia (Queensland) Parapugnax sp. (39875)
Early/Lower Emsian410.62 - 399.5USA (Alaska) Filigreenia circularis (3477 3486)
Emsian410.62 - 393.47Australia (New South Wales) Pugnax oepiki (39884 39888)
Middle Devonian393.47 - 382.31USA (Alaska) Pugnax sp. (111901)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31Russian Federation (Kemerovskaya Oblast) Pugnax ephippioides (84384)
Givetian - Frasnian387.95 - 372.15Russian Federation (Orenburgskaya Oblast) Parapugnax shubartauensis, Parapugnax brecciae (83916) Parapugnax sp. (83915)
Late/Upper Givetian383.4 - 382.31Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Pugnax sp. (82561)
Late/Upper Givetian383.4 - 382.31Poland Parapugnax sp. (82940)
Early/Lower Frasnian382.31 - 379.0Russian Federation (Orenburgskaya Oblast) Parapugnax shubartauensis, Parapugnax bjugata, Parapugnax altaicus (83919) Parapugnax shubartauensis, Parapugnax brecciae (83917) Parapugnax shubartauensis, Parapugnax brecciae, Parapugnax bjugata, Parapugnax altaicus (83918)
Early/Lower Frasnian382.31 - 379.0Poland Coeloterorhynchus dillanus, Coeloterorhynchus schucherti (219860) Parapugnax brecciae (82907)
Early/Lower Frasnian382.31 - 379.0France Coeloterorhynchus kayseri, Globulirhynchia lemesli (38687)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15Poland Chapinella striata (35420) Coeloterorhynchus schucherti (214550)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15USA (New Mexico) Coeloterorhynchus magnificum (219869 219871)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15USA (Pennsylvania) Pugnax pugnus (154377)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15Canada (Ontario) Pugnax sp. (633)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15USA (Iowa) Coeloterorhynchus schucherti (35502 219870) Coeloterorhynchus schucherti, Coeloterorhynchus subacuminatus (35499)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15China (Guangxi) Pugnax lummatoensis (40574)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15France (Boulonnais) Coeloterorhynchus kayseri, Globulirhynchia lemesli (65816 65817)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15Afghanistan (Ghazni) Coeloterorhynchus tabasensis, Coeloterorhynchus sp. (75118)
Late/Upper Devonian382.31 - 358.86USA (Alaska) Pugnax pugnus (112162)
Middle Frasnian379.0 - 375.2France Pugnax kayseri (65766)
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15Algeria Evanidisinurostrum saouraensis (223324)
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15Russian Federation Globulirhynchia minima (61962)
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15USA (Alaska) Parapugnax schmidti (3102)
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15Russian Federation (Novosibirskaya Oblast) Pugnax tensa, Pugnax mesogonia, Pugnax pugnus (84381)
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15USA (Iowa) Coeloterorhynchus subacuminata (35503)
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15Russian Federation (Kemerovskaya Oblast) Pugnax anisodonta, Pugnax tensa, Pugnax voroni (84378)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5Germany Chapinella striata (49427)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5Germany (Rhenish Massif) Parapugnax brecciae (5960)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5Germany (Sauerland) Perrarisinurostrum sp. (235126)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5Poland Cavatisinurostrum longilinguis (70066 70210 70243) Coeloterorhynchus sp. (70204 70205 70207)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5USA (New York) Chapinella sp. (35384)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5Russian Federation Paromoeopygma koscharica (61966) Pugnax sp. (61964)
Early/Lower Famennian372.15 - 368.5Canada (Alberta) Pugnax rara (35541)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86China (Xinjiang) Trifidorostellum longhuiense, Trifidorostellum sp. (58133)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86USA (Alaska) Chapinella bucareliensis (40584) Chapinella bucareliensis, Allorhynchoides kirki (40582 40583)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86Germany (Wenden) Parapugnax sp. (645)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86Poland Colophragma sp. (70070)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86USA (New Mexico) Trifidorostellum obscurum (231556)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86USA (Nevada) Parapugnax bactrianense (5959)
Middle Famennian368.5 - 365.2Canada (Alberta) Pugnax minutus, Trifidorostellum cascadense (35543)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86USA (Colorado) Pugnax sp. (644)
Tournaisian358.86 - 346.7Australia (New South Wales) Pugnax minutus (5615)
Tournaisian358.86 - 346.7Libya Pleuropugnoides pleurodon (35635 36841)
Ivorian - Chadian353.7 - 339.9Ireland Pugnax platylobus, Pugnax sulcatus, Pugnax pugnus (76501) Pugnax pugnus (76515)
Arundian - Holkerian346.7 - 339.9Ireland Pugnax pugnus (76517)
Chadian346.7 - 339.9United Kingdom (England) Pugnax acuminatus (5972) Pugnax cordiformis, Pugnax platilobus, Pugnax plicatilis, Pugnax reniformis, Pugnax pugnus (5983) Pugnax sp. (5971)
Chadian - Holkerian346.7 - 339.9United Kingdom (England) Pleuropugnoides pleurodon (5514)
Visean346.7 - 330.3Australia (New South Wales) Pleuropugnoides sp. B (46873 46877 46882 46895 46896 46909 46912 46914 46916 46917 46920 46922 46924 46926 46927 46942 46944 46945 46948 46949)
Visean346.7 - 330.3Egypt Pleuropugnoides pleurodon (46983)
Asbian339.9 - 335.9United Kingdom (England) Propriopugnus pugnus (238716) Pugnax accuminatus, Pugnax pugnus (5995) Pugnax pugnus (5991 5992 5994)
Asbian339.9 - 335.9United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) Pleuropugnoides sp. (6950)
Asbian - Brigantian339.9 - 330.3United Kingdom (England) Pleuropugnoides pleurodon, Pugnax acuminatus, Propriopugnus pugnus (28383) Pugnax cordiformis, Pugnax triplex, Pugnax pugnus (5987)
Brigantian335.9 - 330.3United Kingdom Pleuropugnoides pleurodon, Propriopugnus pugnus (229498 229499)
Brigantian335.9 - 330.3United Kingdom (England) Pleuropugnoides pleurodon, Pleuropugnoides sp., Pugnax acuminatus, Pugnax codiformis, Pugnax pseudopugnus, Pugnax sp., Pugnax pugnoides (76172) Propriopugnus pugnax (162351) Pugnax pugnus (73393 73431) Pugnax sp. (57131)
Pendleian330.3 - 326.9United Kingdom (England) Propriopugnus pugnax (162352) Pugnax pugnus (73467)
Bashkirian323.4 - 315.2USA (Utah) Terebratula uta (150953)
Pennsylvanian323.4 - 298.9China (Qinghai) Pleuropugnoides wangenheimi (68637)
Gzhelian303.7 - 298.9China (Guangxi) Pugnax latesinuata (134347)
Virgilian303.7 - 298.9USA (Ohio) Pugnax utah (69720)
Gzhelian - Artinskian303.7 - 283.3Bolivia Rhynchonella sp. (120479)
Asselian298.9 - 293.52Bolivia Pugnax sp. (128633)
Asselian - Sakmarian298.9 - 290.1Laos Pugnax sublaevis (233571)
Permian298.9 - 251.902USA (Alaska) Pugnax utah (112199)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1China (Guangxi) Pugnax sp. (134319)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1Japan Pugnacidae indet. (97225)
Wordian266.9 - 264.28Pakistan Pugnax sp. (125854)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14Azerbaijan Pugnax utah (132459)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14Pakistan Pugnax morahensis (125895 125901 126007) Pugnax sp. (125898 125910) Rhynchonella morahensis (119541 119850)
Changhsingian254.14 - 251.902China (Guizhou) Pugnax sp. (149293)
Changhsingian254.14 - 251.902China (Hubei) Pugnax sp. (120809)