Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Virgianidae
Taxonomy
Virgianidae was named by Boucot and Amsden (1963). Its type is Virgiana.
It was assigned to Pentameracea by Boucot and Johnson (1964); and to Pentameroidea by Jin and Chatterton (1997), Williams et al. (2002) and Rasmussen et al. (2010).
It was assigned to Pentameracea by Boucot and Johnson (1964); and to Pentameroidea by Jin and Chatterton (1997), Williams et al. (2002) and Rasmussen et al. (2010).
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1963 | Virgianidae Boucot and Amsden |
1964 | Virgianidae Boucot and Johnson p. 4 |
1997 | Virgianidae Jin and Chatterton |
2002 | Virgianidae Williams et al. p. 963 |
2010 | Virgianidae Rasmussen et al. |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Virgianidae Boucot and Amsden 1963
show all | hide all
Subfm. †Mariannaellinae Sapelnikov and Rukavishnikova 1975
hide
G. †Disulcatella Fu Lipu 1982
G. †Galeatellina Sapelnikov and Rukavishnikova 1975
G. †Mariannaella Sapelnikov and Rukavischnikova 1975
Subfm. †Mariannellinae Sapelnikov and Rukavishnikova 1975
hide
G. †Brevilamnulella Amsden 1974
+
†Brevilamnulella kjerulfi Kiaer 1902
†Brevilamnulella laevis Sapelnikov and Rukavishnikova 1975
†Brevilamnulella thebesensis Savage 1913
†Brevilamnulella umbosulcata Rasmussen et al. 2010
Invalid names: Antigaleatella Sapelnikov and Rukavishnikova 1975 [synonym]
Subfm. †Pleurodiinae Rong and Yang 1977
hide
G. †Pleurodium Wang 1955
G. †Plicidium Rong and Yang 1981
G. †Pseudoconchidium Nikiforova and Sapelnikov 1971
hide
†Pseudoconchidium kozhimicum Nikiforova and Sapelnikov 1971
Subfm. †Virgianinae Boucot and Amsden 1963
hide
G. †Borealis Boucot et al. 1971
+
†Borealis borealis Eichwald 1842
†Borealis borealis schmidti Lebedev 1892
†Borealis cristiformis Modzalevskaya 1985
†Borealis nana Nikiforova and Andreeva 1961
G. †Holorhynchus Kiaer 1902
+
†Holorhynchus giganteus Kiaer 1902
†Holorhynchus giganteus latisulcifer Rukavishnikova and Sapelnikov 1973
G. †Proconchidium
+
†Proconchidium brodeurensis Rong et al. 1989
†Proconchidium munsteri St. Joseph 1938
†Proconchidium tchuilensis Rukavishnikova and Sapelnikov 1973
G. †Prostricklandia Rukavishnikova and Sapelnikov 1973
G. †Tcherskidium
+
†Tcherskidium ulkuntasense Rukavishnikova and Sapelnikov 1973
†Tcherskidium unicum Nikolaev 1968
G. †Virgiana Twenhofel 1914
+
†Virgiana barrandei Billings 1857
†Virgiana decussata Whiteaves 1891
†Virgiana mayvillensis Savage 1916
†Virgiana utahensis Sheehan 1980
G. †Virgianella Nikiforova and Sapelnikov 1971
+
†Virgianella vaigatschensis Nikiforova and Sapelnikov 1971
G. †Viridita Jin and Copper 2000
+
†Viridita glomerosa Jin and Copper 2010
†Viridita lenticularis Billings 1866
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|||||
|
|
||||
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
References: Hendy 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004, Nesnidal et al. 2013 |
Age range: base of the Katian to the top of the Early/Lower Emsian or 453.00000 to 402.50000 Ma
Collections (197 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Caradoc | Russian Federation | Eoconchidium indigiricum (219982) | |
Rawtheyan | Norway (Oslo Asker) | Brevilamnulella kjerulfi (193291) | |
Rawtheyan | Norway (Baerum) | Holorhynchus giganteus (193286) | |
Rawtheyan | Norway | Holorhynchus giganteus (159518) | |
Rawtheyan | Norway (Oslo-Asker) | Holorhynchus giganteus (193292) | |
Rawtheyan - Hirnantian | Norway (Oslo Asker) | Brevilamnulella kjerulfi (163356) | |
Katian | Kazakhstan | Holorhynchus giganteus, Proconchidium tchuilensis, Tcherskidium ulkuntasense (80656) | |
Katian | USA (Alaska) | Brevilamnulella minuta, Tcherskidium tenuicostatus (223863) | |
Katian | Norway | Holorhynchus giganteus (159369 159535) | |
Katian - Hirnantian | Sweden (Dalarne) | Holorhynchus giganteus (73413) | |
Pirgu | Norway (Ringerike) | Conchidium munsteri (162234) | |
Pirgu | Lithuania | Holorhynchus giganteus (161284 163486 207230) | |
Pirgu | Latvia | Holorhynchus giganteus (207228) | |
Pirgu | Russian Federation (Pskov Oblast) | Holorhynchus sp., Holorhynchus giganteus (163485) | |
Ashgill | China (Zhejiang) | Eoconchidium sp. (25864) | |
Ashgill | Russian Federation (Taimyr) | Holorhynchus giganteus, Tcherskidium unicum (37641) Tcherskidium sp., Holorhynchus giganteus (37638) | |
Ashgill | Canada (Québec) | Virgiana sp. (24586) | |
Ashgill | China (Jiangxi) | Tcherskidium jiangshanensis (186241 186244) Tcherskidium sp. (80138 80139) | |
Ashgillian | China (Zhejiang) | Eoconchidium jiangshanensis (164172) | |
Ashgillian | Russian Federation (Chukotka) | Tcherskidium tchukoticum (80675) | |
Ashgillian | China (Jiangxi) | Tcherskidium jiangshanensis (186247 186249 186251 186273 186276 186277 186278) | |
Ashgillian | USA (Alaska) | Eoconchidium sp. (114834) Tcherskidium unicum (100352) Tscherskidium sp. (113018 114831 114832) | |
Gamachian | USA (Illinois) | Clorinda thebesensis (173288 173289) | |
Pirgu - Porkuni | Sweden (Dalarne) | Costilamnulella valdari (73489) | |
Richmondian | Canada (Nunavut) | Proconchidium brodeurensis (67297) | |
Porkuni | Lithuania | Holorhynchus giganteus (207231 207232) | |
Hirnantian | USA (Oklahoma) | Brevilamnulella thebesensis (55460 151949 151950) | |
Hirnantian | USA (Missouri) | Brevilamnulella thebesensis (55456 55457) | |
Hirnantian | Sweden (Dalarna) | Brevilamnulella kjerulfi (162497) | |
Hirnantian | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Brevilamnulella laevis (26070 26071) | |
Hirnantian | China (Guizhou) | Brevilamnulella sp. (151937) | |
Hirnantian | Norway (Oslo-Asker District) | Brevilamnulella sp. (363) | |
Hirnantian | Russian Federation (Komi) | Holorhynchus giganteus, Proconchidium muensteri (194930) Proconchidium muensteri (164184) | |
Hirnantian | Norway (Oslo-Asker Dist.) | Holorhynchus sp. (438) | |
Hirnantian | Sweden | Brevilamnulella kjerulfi (162498) Brevilamnulella umbosulcata (162732) | |
Hirnantian | Norway | Brevilamnulella kjerulfi (159373 159525 159527) | |
Rhuddanian | Canada (Quebec) | Virgiana barrandei (113165 158508 163500 163501 163502 163504) Virgiana barrandei, Viridita lenticularis (163503) Virgiana mayvillensis (113330 163517 204332) Virgiana sp. (197360) Viridita lenticularis (163499) Viridita lenticularis, Viridita glomerosa (158624) | |
Rhuddanian | USA (Utah) | Virgiana utahensis (51492 51495) | |
Rhuddanian | United Kingdom (Wales) | Brevilamnulella sp. (4965 5068 5069) | |
Rhuddanian | China (Jiangxi) | Brevilamnulella sp. (151943 151944) | |
Rhuddanian | USA (Wisconsin) | Virgiana mayvillensis (12986 12987 12988 12989 12990) | |
Rhuddanian | China (ZheJiang) | Brevilamnulella kjerulfi (188392) Brevilamnulella sp. (151946) | |
Rhuddanian | Canada (Québec) | Viridita lenticularis (163497) | |
Rhuddanian | USA (Nevada) | Virgiana utahensis (51493 51494 51496 51497) | |
Juuru | Estonia (Hiuu) | Borealis borealis (193095) Pentamerus borealis (206936) | |
Juuru | Estonia (Viljandi) | Pentamerus borealis (193804) | |
Juuru | Estonia (Jõgeva) | Pentamerus borealis (197468 206933) | |
Juuru | Estonia | Borealis borealis (77386 195424 195425 195593) Pentamerus borealis (174165 174167 174171 193724 206883 206923 206934 206938 206939) | |
Juuru | Estonia (Järva) | Borealis borealis (193099) Pentamerus borealis (174979) | |
Juuru | Estonia (Rapla) | Pentamerus borealis (175044 206884) | |
Juuru | Estonia (Hiiu) | Borealis borealis (193616 195418) Pentamerus borealis (206927) | |
Juuru | Estonia (Lääne) | Borealis borealis (195633 195634) Pentamerus borealis (174969 193727 193730) | |
Rhuddanian - Aeronian | Russian Federation (Siberia) | Borealis borealis (206543 206560) Borealis nanus (206465 206484) Virgiana mojeroensis, Borealis borealis (206542) | |
Rhuddanian - Aeronian | Russian Federation | Borealis cristiformis (185955 185956) | |
Rhuddanian - Aeronian | United Kingdom (Wales) | Brevilamnulella sp. (4937 4951 4957 4968) | |
Alexandrian | Canada (Québec) | Virgiana sp. (24401) | |
Raikkula | Estonia (Lääne - Viru) | Pentamerus borealis (206964) | |
Raikkula | Estonia (Pärnu) | Borealis borealis (193123) | |
Raikkula | Estonia (Lääne) | Pentamerus borealis (193772) | |
Llandovery | China (Guizhou) | Borealis sp. (25747 27898) Brevilamnulella sp. (25749) Brevilamnulella sp., Pleurodium sp. (25847) Brevilamnulella undata (27901) Virgianella sp., Paraconchidium shiqianensis (27899) | |
Llandovery | Canada (Ontario) | Virgiana sp. (538) | |
Llandovery | Canada (Manitoba) | Virgiana decussata (2979 2980 2981 2990 2993 3000 3001 3002 3003 3022 3023 3024 3026 3032) | |
Llandovery | Sweden | Virgianidae indet. (3347) | |
Llandovery | USA (Missouri) | Brevilamnulella thebesensis (3349 3351 3352) | |
Llandovery | China (Hubei) | Brevilamnulella sp., Pleurodium sp. (25793) | |
Llandovery | Russian Federation (Yakutiya) | Borealis borealis (79506 79507 79509 79510 79511 79512) | |
Llandovery | Russian Federation (Siberia) | Pentamerus oblongus, Pentamerus borealis (206319) | |
Silurian | Canada (Manitoba) | Virgiana decussata (26420) | |
Aeronian | China (Hubei) | Pleurodium sp. (27813) | |
Aeronian | Norway | Borealis borealis (14267) | |
Aeronian | China (Guizhou) | Pleurodium sp. (27835) Plicidium guizhouensis (197403) Plicidium sinanensis (197401) Virgianella sp., Paraconchidium shiqianensis (25815) | |
Aeronian | USA (Utah) | Virgiana utahensis (51519) | |
Aeronian - Telychian | China (Yunnan) | Pleurodium sp. (27837) | |
Ontarian | Canada (Québec) | Virgiana sp. (24399) | |
Telychian | China (Hubei) | Brevilamnulella undata, Pleurodium tenuiplicatum (27779) | |
Telychian | Russian Federation (Komi) | Pseudoconchidium kozhimicum, Virgianella vaigatschensis (164186) | |
Telychian | Russian Federation (Siberia) | Borealis borealis (206347) | |
Telychian | China (Sichuan) | Brevilamnulella sp. (27908) | |
Telychian - Wenlock | Canada (Manitoba) | Virgiana decussata (26365 26366 26367 26368 26419 26422 26425) | |
Wenlock - Ludlow | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Virgiana sp. (188837) | |
Homerian | Czech Republic | Plicidium sp. (14095) | |
Early/Lower Emsian | Russian Federation (Arkhangel'skaya Oblast') | Borealis laevis (40703) |