PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Phricodothyridinae

Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Elythidae

Taxonomy

Phricodothyridinae was named by Caster (1939) [Nom. correct. Carter et al. (1994, p. 359) for Phricodothyriinae Caster (1939)].

It was assigned to Elythidae by Williams et al. (2006).

Subtaxa

Astegosia, Bajkuria, Bullarina, Nebenothyris, Permophricodothyris, Phricodothyris (syn. Condrathyris, Neophricadothyris), Spirifer guadalupensis

Synonyms

Spirifer guadalupensis was named by Shumard (1859). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is White limestone of the Guadalupe Mountains, which is in a Capitanian reef, buildup or bioherm limestone in the Capitan Formation of Texas.

It was considered a nomen vanum by Cooper and Grant (1976).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1859	Spirifer guadalupensis Shumard p. 391
1939	Phricodothyridinae Caster
2006	Phricodothyridinae Williams et al. p. 1866

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
—	Lophophorata
—	Panbrachiopoda	Carlson and Cohen 2020
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805

Rank	Name	Author
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Rhynchonellata	Williams et al. 1996
order	Spiriferida
suborder	Delthyridina	Ivanova 1972
superfamily	Reticularioidea
family	Elythidae	Fredericks 1924
subfamily	Phricodothyridinae	Caster 1939
subfamily	Phricodothyridinae	Caster 1939

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. †Phricodothyridinae Caster 1939

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G. †Astegosia Cooper and Grant 1969

†Astegosia subquadrata Girty 1908

G. †Bajkuria Ustritsky 1963

†Bajkuria dorsosinuata Ustritsky 1963

†Bajkuria rostrata Kutorga 1842

G. †Bullarina Jin and Sun 1981

†Bullarina bistriata Hu 1983

†Bullarina rostrata Jin and Sun 1981

†Bullarina striata Shen et al. 2001

G. †Nebenothyris

G. †Permophricodothyris Pavlova 1965

†Permophricodothyris affinis Gemmellaro 1899

†Permophricodothyris bullata Cooper and Grant 1976

†Permophricodothyris caroli Gemmellaro 1899

†Permophricodothyris cordata Cooper and Grant 1976

†Permophricodothyris elegantula Waagen 1883

Invalid names: Astegosia codonoformis Liang 1990 [synonym]

†Permophricodothyris extensa Grabau 1936

†Permophricodothyris extensiformis Chang 1977

†Permophricodothyris flata Wu et al. 2022

†Permophricodothyris globosa Feng 1978

†Permophricodothyris grandis Chao 1929

†Permophricodothyris guangxiensis Han 1991

†Permophricodothyris inaequilateralis Gemmellaro 1899

†Permophricodothyris incerta Zhan 1989

†Permophricodothyris indica Waagen 1883

Invalid names: Anomaloria dorsatusa Liang 1990 [synonym], Anomaloria puerilis Liang 1990 [synonym], Astegosia plenussa Liang 1990 [synonym], Astegosia qianjiangensis Liang 1990 [synonym], Astegosia radicula Liang 1990 [synonym], Astegosia stropharostrisa Liang 1990 [synonym], Bullarina pseudoasiatica Liang 1990 [synonym]

†Permophricodothyris iranica Fantini Sestini and Glaus 1966

†Permophricodothyris jiangshuiensis Chang 1977

†Permophricodothyris nanchuanensis Lu 1978

†Permophricodothyris nodosa Chao 1929

†Permophricodothyris notialasiatica Grant 1976

†Permophricodothyris ovata Pavlova 1965

†Permophricodothyris rotiformis Liang 1990

†Permophricodothyris squamularioides Huang 1933

†Permophricodothyris squamularoides Huang 1933

†Permophricodothyris subgrandis Ding 1983

†Permophricodothyris trigonolaris Zeng et al. 1995

†Permophricodothyris waageni Loczy 1899

G. †Phricodothyris George 1932

†Phricodothyris asiatica Chao 1929

Invalid names: Phricodothyris lata Liang 1990 [synonym], Phricodothyris quadrata Liang 1990 [synonym]

†Phricodothyris bachuensis Chen and Shi 2002

†Phricodothyris bella Wang 1995

†Phricodothyris catatona Cooper and Grant 1976

†Phricodothyris dispar Diener 1911

†Phricodothyris echinata Chao 1929

†Phricodothyris formilla Xu and Grant 1994

†Phricodothyris guadalupensis Shumard 1859

†Phricodothyris guizhouensis Liao 1980

†Phricodothyris indenta Grabau and Yoh 1928

†Phricodothyris kawaiensis Yanagida and Nishikawa 1984

†Phricodothyris longlinensis Li 1986

†Phricodothyris nummulina Reed 1944

†Phricodothyris occidentalis Archbold and Thomas 1984

†Phricodothyris pyriformis Pavlova 1969

†Phricodothyris reticulariformis Ozaki 1931

†Phricodothyris septata Chronic 1949

†Phricodothyris sibirica Kashirtsev 1959

†Phricodothyris subrostrata Grabau 1936

†Phricodothyris tieliensis Lee and Su 1980

†Phricodothyris toriyamai Yanagida 1967

†Phricodothyris uzunbulakensis Chen 2004

†Phricodothyris xikouensis Zhan 1989

Invalid names: Condrathyris Minato 1951 [synonym], Neophricadothyris Likharev 1934 [synonym]

Invalid names: Spirifer guadalupensis Shumard 1859 [nomen vanum]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

low Mg calcitep

Environment:

marineuc

Locomotion:

stationaryo

Attached:

yesp

Life habit:

epifaunalo

Diet:

suspension feedero

Vision:

blindc

Created:

2004-02-28 14:12:52

Modified:

2004-02-28 16:12:52

Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Nesnidal et al. 2013

Age range: base of the Ivorian to the top of the Changhsingian or 353.80000 to 252.17000 Ma

Collections (1037 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Kinderhookian	358.9 - 352.0	Australia (New South Wales)	Phricodothyris sp. (75616)
Tournaisian	358.9 - 346.7	Australia (New South Wales)	Phricodothyris campbelli, Phricodothyris sp. (67217)
Mississippian	358.9 - 323.2	USA (Alaska)	Squamularia perplexa (112176 112177)
Mississippian	358.9 - 323.2	Canada (Northwest Territories)	Phricodothyris sp. (10282)
Carboniferous	358.9 - 298.9	USA (Texas)	Phricodothyris perplexa (1098 1121)
Carboniferous	358.9 - 298.9	USA (New Mexico)	Phricodothyris perplexa (9857)
Ivorian	353.8 - 346.7	Ireland	Phricodothyris lineata (76497)
Ivorian - Chadian	353.8 - 340.0	Ireland	Phricodothyris insolita, Phricodothyris lineata (76501)
Arundian - Holkerian	346.7 - 340.0	Ireland	Phricodothyris lineata (76517)
Chadian	346.7 - 340.0	United Kingdom (England)	Phricodothyris lineata (5972)
Youngest occurrences
Time interval	Ma	Country or state	PBDB collection number
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	Thailand	Squamularia nodosa (42776)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	China (Guangxi)	Martinia squamularioides (149206) Phricodothyris guizhouensis (112400 206105) Phricodothyris sp. (50024)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	China (Hubei)	Squamularia grandis, Squamularia indica (120809)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	Iran	Permophricodothyris iranica (125569 125570 125573 125598 125599 125624 125632 125633 125634 125635 125636) Permophricodothyris iranica, Permophricodothyris ovata (118359 125568 125571) Permophricodothyris ovata (125572 125574 125627 125654 155126) Squamularia formilla (125645 125646 125647)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	China (Guizhou)	Phricodothyris asiatica (117481) Squamularia elegantula (117486) Squamularia elegantula, Squamularia grandis (117483) Squamularia grandis (98224 117485 117487) Squamularia squamularioides (51424 108163) Squamularia squamularioides, Squamularia rostrata, Phricodothyris echinata (117465)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	China (Hunan)	Squamularia formilla (31420 120804) Squamularia squamularioides, Squamularia waageni, Squamularia inaequilateralis, Phricodothyris guizhouensis (105918) Squamularia squamularioides, Squamularia waageni, Squamularia jiangshuiensis (121091)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	China (Chongqing)	Phricodothyris asiatica, Squamularia elegantula, Squamularia squamularioides, Squamularia grandis, Squamularia indica, Squamularia rostrata, Squamularia subrostrata, Phricodothyris echinata (94984) Phricodothyris guizhouensis (156854) Phricodothyris sp., Squamularia elegantula, Squamularia squamularioides, Squamularia grandis, Squamularia trigonolaris (156863) Squamularia elegantula (148549 148551 148552 148555 156846 156862) Squamularia elegantula, Squamularia grandis (156847 156850 156857 156859) Squamularia elegantula, Squamularia grandis, Phricodothyris guizhouensis (156848) Squamularia elegantula, Squamularia grandis, Squamularia indica (156855) Squamularia extensiformis, Squamularia squamularioides, Squamularia indica, Squamularia rostrata (94985) Squamularia grandis (148553) Squamularia inaequilateralis (121023) Squamularia squamularioides (148544 148554 149260 156881) Squamularia squamularioides, Squamularia grandis (148543 156880) Squamularia squamularioides, Squamularia grandis, Squamularia indica (156858)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	Pakistan	Reticularia indica (90251) Squamularia inaequilateralis (126989 126992) Squamularia nummulina (126933) Squamularia sp. (126896)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	Nepal	Phricodothyris sp. (43186 43189 43190 43191 43194 43220 43221 43228)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	China (Sichuan)	Squamularia elegantula (156814) Squamularia elegantula, Squamularia squamularioides, Squamularia grandis (156810) Squamularia formilla (50030) Squamularia grandis (111601 156813) Squamularia squamularioides (103467) Squamularia waageni, Squamularia inaequilateralis (156811)