PBDB Taxon

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Synocladia dubia

Stenolaemata - Cryptostomata - Acanthocladiidae

Taxonomy

Keratophytes dubius was named by Schlotheim (1820).

It was recombined as Gorgonia dubia by Geinitz (1841); it was recombined as Thamniscus dubius by King (1849), King (1850), King (1856), Waagen and Pichl (1885), Dreyer (1961), Pattison (1970) and Termier and Termier (1971); it was recombined as Acanthocladia dubia by Geinitz (1861) and Langenhan (1899); it was recombined as Synocladia dubia by Lisitsyn and Ernst (2004).

Synonyms

Retepora virgulacea was named by Phillips (1829). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Humbleton Quarry, Durham (Sedgwick coll), which is in a Wuchiapingian reef, buildup or bioherm reef rocks in the Ford Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was recombined as Fenestella virgulacea by Howse (1848); it was recombined as Synocladia virgulacea by King (1849), King (1850), Geinitz (1861), Waagen and Pichl (1885), Langenhan (1899) and Dreyer (1961); it was synonymized subjectively with Synocladia dubia by Lisitsyn and Ernst (2004).
Synocladia weigelthi was named by Korn (1930).

It was synonymized subjectively with Synocladia dubia by Lisitsyn and Ernst (2004).
Synocladia dux was named by Korn (1930).

It was synonymized subjectively with Synocladia dubia by Lisitsyn and Ernst (2004).
Fenestella ramosa was named by King (1844).

It was synonymized subjectively with Thamniscus dubius by King (1850); it was synonymized subjectively with Acanthocladia dubia by Geinitz (1861).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1820	Keratophytes dubius Schlotheim
1829	Retepora virgulacea Phillips p. 120
1834	Retepora virgulacea Phillips figs. Pl 3, fig 2
1841	Gorgonia dubia Geinitz p. 641
1844	Fenestella ramosa King
1848	Fenestella ramosa Howse p. 261
1848	Fenestella virgulacea Howse p. 262
1849	Synocladia virgulacea King p. 388
1849	Thamniscus dubius King p. 389
1850	Synocladia virgulacea King p. 39 figs. Pl 3, fig 14; pl 4, figs 1-8
1850	Thamniscus dubius King p. 44 figs. Pl 5, figs 7-12
1856	Thamniscus dubius King p. 74 figs. Pl 1, fig 11
1861	Synocladia virgulacea Geinitz p. 118 figs. Pl 22, figs 3,4
1861	Acanthocladia dubia Geinitz p. 119 figs. Pl 22, figs 5,6
1885	Synocladia virgulacea Waagen and Pichl p. 802 figs. Pl 92, fig 4; pl 93, figs 1,2; ?pl 90, fig 8
1885	Thamniscus dubius Waagen and Pichl p. 808 figs. Pl 93, fig 4
1899	Acanthocladia dubia Langenhan p. 49 figs. Pl 3, fig 8; pl 4, figs 29,30,33,34
1899	Synocladia virgulacea Langenhan p. 51 figs. Pl 4, fig 38
1930	Synocladia dux Korn
1930	Synocladia weigelthi Korn
1961	Thamniscus dubius Dreyer p. 19 figs. Pl 7, fig 5
1961	Synocladia virgulacea Dreyer p. 24 figs. Pl 11, figs 1,2
1970	Thamniscus dubius Pattison p. 139 figs. Pl 20, fig 2
1971	Thamniscus dubius Termier and Termier p. 37
2004	Synocladia dubia Lisitsyn and Ernst p. 287

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
—	Lophophorata
phylum	Bryozoa	Ehrenberg 1831

Rank	Name	Author
class	Stenolaemata	Borg 1926
order	Cryptostomata	Vine 1884
suborder	Fenestelloidea
suborder	Fenestellina	Astrova and Morozova 1956
family	Acanthocladiidae	Zittel 1880
genus	Synocladia
species	dubia	(Schlotheim 1820)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Synocladia dubia Schlotheim 1820

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Invalid names: Fenestella ramosa King 1844 [synonym], Synocladia dux Korn 1930 [synonym], Synocladia virgulacea Phillips 1829 [synonym], Synocladia weigelthi Korn 1930 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available