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Rhynchospirinoidea

Rhynchonellata - Athyridida

Taxonomy
Rhynchospirinoidea was named by Schuchert (1929).

It was assigned to Retziidina by Williams et al. (2002).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1929Rhynchospirinoidea Schuchert
2002Rhynchospirinoidea Williams et al. p. 1597

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Protostomia
Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
Lophophorata
PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
RankNameAuthor
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
subphylumRhynchonelliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classRhynchonellataWilliams et al. 1996
orderAthyrididaBoucot et al. 1964
suborderRetziidinaBoucot et al. 1964
superfamilyRhynchospirinoideaSchuchert 1929
superfamilyRhynchospirinoideaSchuchert 1929

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. †Rhynchospirinoidea Schuchert 1929
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Fm. †Parazygidae Alvarez et al. 1998
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G. †Parazyga
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Parazyga hirsuta Hall 1857
Fm. †Rhynchospirinidae Schuchet 1929
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G. †Homoeospira Hall and Clarke 1893
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Homoeospira baylei Davidson 1848
Homoeospira evax Hall 1863
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Invalid names: Homoeospira subcircularis Savage 1913 [synonym]
G. †Homoeospirella Amsden 1968
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Homoeospirella multicostata Jin and Chatterton 1997
G. †Pseudoparazyga Johnson 1970
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Pseudoparazyga cooperi Merriam 1940
G. †Rhyncholeptospira Ceccolini and Cianferoni 2023
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Invalid names: Leptospira [replaced]
G. †Rhynchospirina Schuchert and LeVene 1929
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Invalid names: Rhynchospira Hall 1859 [replaced]
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationarysubo
Attached: yessubo
Life habit: low-level epifaunalsubo
Diet: suspension feedersubo
Vision: blindc
Created: 2018-11-10 18:06:56
Modified: 2018-11-10 18:06:56
Source: subo = suborder, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Nesnidal et al. 2013

Age range: base of the Silurian to the top of the Late/Upper Famennian or 443.80000 to 360.70000 Ma

Collections (257 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Hirnantian445.2 - 443.4USA (Missouri) Homoeospira fiscellostriata (55456)
Hirnantian - Rhuddanian445.2 - 440.8Canada (British Columbia) Homoeospira sp. (3355 3356 3357 3358 3359 3360 3361)
Silurian443.8 - 419.2USA (Oklahoma) Homoeospira sp. (528)
Silurian443.8 - 419.2USA (California) Trematospira sp. (229257)
Rhuddanian443.4 - 440.8Argentina (San Juan) Homoeospira antiqua (185893 185895) Homoeospira carinata (185900)
Rhuddanian443.4 - 440.8United Kingdom (Wales) Homoeospirella sp. (5054)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4USA (New York) Trematospira sp. (463)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4USA (Michigan) Rhynchospira sp. (532)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4Canada (Nova Scotia) Rhynchospirina sp. (3061)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4USA (Missouri) Homoeospira fiscellostriata (3351)

Youngest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state PBDB collection number
Emsian - Eifelian407.6 - 387.7Canada (Ontario) Trematospira sp. (40039)
Late/Upper Emsian402.5 - 391.9Italy Rhynchospirina haidingeri (26253 26257)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7USA (New York) Rhynchospirina sp. (9562 77056) Trematospira sp. (9558 77078)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7China (Guangxi) Rhynchospira sp. (25817)
Middle Devonian393.3 - 382.7USA (Indiana) Parazyga hirsuta (11101)
Middle Devonian393.3 - 382.7USA (New York) Trematospira gibbosa (91091 91215 91216 91217 91226 91281) Trematospira gibbosa, Parazyga hirsuta (91240 91277 91278)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (New York) Leptospira gibbosa (94433) Parazyga hirsuta (8979 8984 8987 8993 8994 8996 9003 9005 9006 9019 9028 10110 10119 89672 96209) Parazyga sp. (8764 8767 8771 8772 8780 8786 8789) Trematospira gibbosa (8982 9002 9018 9020) Trematospira gibbosa, Parazyga hirsuta (8978 8983 206793)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (Indiana) Trematospira hirsuta (170009)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9USA (Ohio) Parazyga sp. (653 3382)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7USA (Colorado) Rhynchospirina scansa (3660) Rhynchospirina sp. (3664 3665)