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Protozygoidea

Rhynchonellata - Atrypida

Taxonomy
Protozygoidea was named by Copper (1986).

It was assigned to Lissatrypidina by Williams et al. (2002).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1986Protozygoidea Copper
2002Protozygoidea Williams et al. p. 1472

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Protostomia
Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
Lophophorata
PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
RankNameAuthor
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
subphylumRhynchonelliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classRhynchonellataWilliams et al. 1996
orderAtrypidaRzhonsnitskaya 1960
suborderLissatrypidinaCopper 1996
superfamilyProtozygoideaCopper 1986
superfamilyProtozygoideaCopper 1986

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. †Protozygoidea Copper 1986
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Fm. †Cyclospiridae Schuchert 1913
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G. †Cyclospira Hall and Clarke 1893
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Cyclospira bisulcata Emmons 1842
Cyclospira elegantula Rozman 1964
Cyclospira levisulcata Rõõmusoks 1964
Cyclospira nana Davidson 1869
Cyclospira orbus Cocks and Modzalevskaya 1997
Cyclospira perplexa Williams 1962
Cyclospira scanica Sheehan 1973
Invalid names: Cyclorhynchia [synonym]
G. †Rozmanospira Popov et al. 1999
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Rozmanospira mica Nitikin and Popov 1984
Fm. †Protozygidae Copper 1986
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G. †Manespira Copper 1986
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Manespira costata Cooper 1956
Manespira diversa Reed 1917
Manespira elongata Cooper 1956
Manespira magnicostata Cooper 1956
Manespira nicolleti Winchell and Schuchert 1892
Manespira rotunda Cooper 1956
G. †Protozyga Hall and Clarke 1893
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Protozyga definitiva Percival 1991
Protozyga exigua Hall 1847
G. †Xysila Copper 1995
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Xysila anticostiana Twenhofel 1914
Xysila astaca Copper 1995
Xysila mogoktaensis Nikiforova 1961
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yesp
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Created: 2004-02-28 14:10:24
Modified: 2004-02-28 16:10:24
Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Llanvirn to the top of the Pridoli or 466.00000 to 419.20000 Ma

Collections (166 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Ordovician485.4 - 443.4USA (New York) Protozyga sp. (332)
Whiterockian471.8 - 457.5USA (Nevada) Protozyga sp. (104279)
Middle Ordovician470.0 - 458.4USA (New York) Protozyga sp. (333)
Chazyan468.1 - 460.9USA (Virginia) Protozyga microscopica (186172)
Llanvirn466.0 - 460.9China (QingHai) Cyclospira sp. (8683)
Llandeilo466.0 - 449.5United Kingdom (Scotland) Protozyga rotunda (164928 164931)
Llandeilo466.0 - 449.5Kazakhstan Oligorhyncha mica (161885)
Gisbornian - Harnagian460.9 - 455.8Australia (New South Wales) Protozyga sp. (2714 2715 2716 2717 2750 2755)
Ashbyan460.9 - 449.5USA (Alaska) Cyclospira elegantula (164853)
Ashbyan460.9 - 449.5USA (Tennessee) Protozyga rotunda (164924)
Blackriveran460.9 - 449.5USA (Illinois, Iowa) Protozyga nicolleti (23788 23789 23790 23791 23792 23794)
Blackriveran460.9 - 449.5USA (Pennsylvania) Protozyga sp. (162391)
Blackriveran460.9 - 449.5USA (Minnesota) Manespira nicolleti (173874) Protozyga nicolleti (23273 23274)
Blackriveran460.9 - 449.5USA (Oklahoma) Cyclospira parva, Protozyga loeblichi (23895) Protozyga costata, Protozyga elongata, Protozyga magnicostata (23893)
Blackriveran - Rocklandian460.9 - 449.5USA (Illinois, Iowa) Protozyga nicolleti (23795)
Blackriveran - Rocklandian460.9 - 449.5USA (Minnesota) Protozyga nicolleti (23276)
Caradoc460.9 - 449.5USA (Virginia) Cyclospira sp. (327) Cyclospira sp., Protozyga sp. (326)
Caradoc460.9 - 449.5Myanmar (Southern Shan) Protozyga haydeni (186298)
Caradoc460.9 - 449.5USA (Georgia) Cyclospira sp. (33103 33104 33105 33106 33107) Cyclospira sp., Protozyga sp. (33108 33109 33110)
Caradoc460.9 - 449.5USA (Wisconsin) Protozyga nicolleti (55651)
Caradocian460.9 - 449.5Canada (Ontario) Cyclospira sp. (64477 64479 64482)
Caradocian460.9 - 449.5USA (Virginia) Protozyga uniplicata (37904)
Chatfieldian460.9 - 449.5USA (Virginia) Cyclospira quadrata (105205)
Chatfieldian460.9 - 449.5USA (Kentucky) Protozyga sp. (34555)
Chatfieldian - Edenian460.9 - 449.5Canada (Nunavut) Cyclospira schucherti, Cyclospira vokesi (24116)
Chatfieldian - Maysvillian460.9 - 449.5Canada (Northwest Territories) Cyclospira sp. (188774)
Chatfieldian - Maysvillian460.9 - 449.5Canada (Nunavut) Cyclospira schucherti (192776)
Edenian460.9 - 449.5Canada (Quebec) Cyclospira bisulcata (192340)
Edenian460.9 - 449.5USA (Illinois, Iowa) Cyclospira bisulcata (23807)
Edenian460.9 - 449.5USA (Minnesota) Cyclospira bisulcata (23280)
Edenian - Maysvillian460.9 - 449.5Canada (Nunavut) Cyclospira schucherti, Cyclospira vokesi (24120)
Edenian - Maysvillian460.9 - 449.5Canada (Ontario) Cyclospira bisulcata (26293 26294)
Rocklandian460.9 - 449.5USA (New York) Protozyga exigua (219799 219800)
Rocklandian - Kirkfieldian460.9 - 449.5USA (Illinois, Iowa) Protozyga nicolleti (23796)
Rocklandian - Kirkfieldian460.9 - 449.5United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) Cyclospira sp., Protozyga diversa, Cyclospira nana (89157)
Rocklandian - Shermanian460.9 - 449.5USA (Minnesota) Protozyga nicolleti (23277 23290)
Shermanian460.9 - 449.5USA (Minnesota) Cyclospira bisulcata (23279)
Shermanian460.9 - 449.5Canada (Northwest Territories) Cyclospira sp. (25313 25314 25315 25316 25317 25318)
Shermanian460.9 - 449.5USA (Illinois, Iowa) Cyclospira bisulcata (23802 23803 23804 23805 23806)
Turinian460.9 - 449.5USA (Missouri) Zygospira nicolleti (175724 181091)
Turinian460.9 - 449.5USA (Oklahoma) Protozyga elongata (186181)
Edenian - Gamachian460.9 - 443.7Canada (Quebec) Cyclospira minuscula (37791 37792)
Sandbian458.4 - 453.0China (Shaanxi) Cyclospira sp. (186306)
Burrellian457.5 - 455.8United Kingdom (Scotland) Protozyga diversa (165046)
Longvillian457.5 - 455.8United Kingdom (Wales) Cyclospira sp. (43640)
Soudleyan - Marshbrookian457.5 - 452.0Norway Protozyga sp. (2945)
Soudleyan - Marshbrookian457.5 - 452.0China (JiangSu) Cyclospira scanica (7943)
Soudleyan - Marshbrookian457.5 - 452.0United Kingdom (Wales) Cyclospira sp. (3370 3373) Cyclospira sp., Protozyga sp. (3372)
Eastonian - Marshbrookian456.1 - 452.0Australia (New South Wales) Protozyga sp. (2720)
Eastonian456.1 - 449.5Australia (New South Wales) Cyclospira sp. (2754) Protozyga definitiva (2727 2729 2731 2749 2751 166833 166836 166837 166838 166850) Protozyga sp. (2648 2701 2707)
Cheneyan455.8 - 452.0United Kingdom (Scotland) Protozyga perplexa (164412)
Actonian - Onnian455.8 - 449.5Norway (Oslo) Cyclospira sp. (3253)
Rawtheyan455.8 - 445.6United Kingdom (Wales) Cyclospira sp. (8326 8327 8328 8366 8367 8370 192503)
Rawtheyan455.8 - 445.6Belgium Cyclospira sp. (185305 185309 185310 185315 185316)
Rawtheyan455.8 - 445.6United Kingdom (England) Cyclospira sp., Protozyga sp. (3667)
Rawtheyan - Pusgillian455.8 - 445.6USA (Alaska) Cyclospira orbus (164855)
Katian453.0 - 445.2China (Anhui) Cyclospira scanica (186337)
Katian453.0 - 445.2Canada (Quebec) Xysila astaca (158533)
Nabala452.0 - 449.5Estonia Cyclospira levisulcata (161238 168647)
Harju452.0 - 443.7Sweden Cyclospira sp. (379)
Cautleyan449.5 - 445.6United Kingdom Cyclospira nana (163264) Protozyga perplexa (163262) Protozyga perplexa, Cyclospira nana (163263)
Cautleyan - Rawtheyan449.5 - 445.6United Kingdom (Wales) Cyclospira sp., Protozyga perplexa (8291)
Kralodvorian449.5 - 445.6Italy (Sardinia) Cyclospira scanica (75890 185151)
Kralodvorian449.5 - 445.6Czech Republic (Praha) Cyclospira sp. (151985)
Kralodvorian - Rawtheyan449.5 - 445.6Czech Republic Cyclospira sp. (3875 3879)
Pusgillian449.5 - 445.6Sweden Cyclospira sp. (2773)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7Russian Federation (Taimyr) Cyclospira orbus (37638)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7Canada (Québec) Cyclospira minuscula (24528)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7Canada (Quebec) Cyclospira sp. (11555 11556)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7China (Zhejiang) Cyclospira scanica (25864)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7USA (Maine) Cyclospira scanica (185954)
Ashgillian449.5 - 443.7Canada (Québec) Cyclospira anticostiana (24584)
Ashgillian449.5 - 443.7China (Jiangxi) Cyclospira sp. (186247)
Ashgillian449.5 - 443.7Canada (Quebec) Cyclospira minuscula (76075)
Ashgillian449.5 - 443.7China (Hubei) Cyclospira sp. (114989)
Richmondian449.5 - 443.7USA (Wyoming) Cyclospira anticostiana (13497 65239)
Richmondian449.5 - 443.7Canada (Quebec) Protozeuga anticostiana (63675) Xysila sp. (163781)
Richmondian449.5 - 443.7United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) Protozyga perplexa, Cyclospira nana (89260)
Richmondian449.5 - 443.7Canada (Nunavut) Cyclospira vokesi (101984)
Richmondian - Gamachian449.5 - 443.7Canada (Quebec) Cyclospira glansfagea (37790)
Hirnantian445.2 - 443.4United Kingdom (England) Cyclospira sp. (80657)
Hirnantian445.2 - 443.4United Kingdom (Wales) Cyclospira sp. (8384)
Rhuddanian443.4 - 440.8United Kingdom (England) Cyclospira sp. (13806 13807)
Rhuddanian443.4 - 440.8Norway Cyclospira sp. (13850)
Rhuddanian443.4 - 440.8United Kingdom (Wales) Cyclospira sp. (8408)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian443.4 - 438.5Norway Cyclospira sp. (14301)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian443.4 - 438.5United Kingdom (Wales) Protozyga gastrodes (4954 4961)
Raikkula443.4 - 436.0Estonia (Pärnu) Cyclospira circularis (206837)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4United Kingdom (Wales) Protozyga gastrodes (3207)
Aeronian440.8 - 438.5Norway Cyclospira sp. (13849 14279)
Aeronian440.8 - 438.5Canada (Northwest Territories) Cyclospira sp. (26027)
Ludlow - Pridoli427.4 - 419.2China (Gansu) Cyclospira sp. (27757)