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Belemnitidae

Cephalopoda - Belemnitida - Belemnitidae

Taxonomy
Belemnitidae was named by d'Orbigny (1845). Its type is Belemnites.

It was assigned to Cephalopoda by Meek (1864) and Stanton (1895); to Belemnoidea by Spath (1947); and to Belemnitina by Jeletzky (1966).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1845Belemnitidae d'Orbigny
1864Belemnitidae Meek p. 53
1895Belemnitidae Stanton p. 84
1947Belemnitidae Spath p. 29
1966Belemnitidae Jeletzky p. 140

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classCephalopodaCuvier 1797
RankNameAuthor
subclassColeoideaBather 1888
—Neocoleoidea
superorderDecabrachiaHaeckel 1866
orderBelemnitidaHaeckel 1866
suborderBelemnitinaZittel 1895
familyBelemnitidaed'Orbigny 1845
familyBelemnitidaed'Orbigny 1845

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Belemnitidae d'Orbigny 1845
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G. †Acroteuthis Stolley 1911
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†Acroteuthis aboriginalis Anderson 1938
†Acroteuthis barrana Anderson 1938
†Acroteuthis divergens Anderson 1938
†Acroteuthis impressa Gabb 1864
†Acroteuthis kernensis Anderson 1938
†Acroteuthis kewana Anderson 1938
†Acroteuthis macarthyensis Anderson 1938
†Acroteuthis mitchelli Anderson 1938
†Acroteuthis onoensis Anderson 1938
†Acroteuthis shastensis Anderson 1938
†Acroteuthis subquadratus Roemer 1836
†Acroteuthis watsonensis Anderson 1945
†Acroteuthis wilcoxi Anderson 1938
†Acroteuthis winslowensis Anderson 1938
G. †Actinoconites Steinmann 1910
Subfm. †Belemnitinae d'Orbigny 1845
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G. †Belemnites Lamarck 1799
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Subg. †Belemnites (Belemnopsis) Bayle 1878
†Belemnites cenomanus von der Marck 1858
†Belemnites pacificus Gabb 1864
†Belemnites paxillosa Lamarck 1801
†Belemnites puzosi d'Orbigny 1843
G. †Nannobelus Pavlow 1913
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†Nannobelus acutus Miller 1826
Invalid names: Prototeuthis Lemoine 1915 [objective synonym]
Subfm. †Cylindroteuthinae Naef 1922
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†Cylindroteuthis clavicula Anderson 1945
†Cylindroteuthis cuspidata Sachs and Nalnjaeva 1964
†Cylindroteuthis gelida de Lagausie 2018
†Cylindroteuthis glennensis Anderson 1945
†Cylindroteuthis jacutica Sachs and Nalnjaeva 1964
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Invalid names: Cylindroteuthis klamathonae Anderson 1945 [synonym]
†Cylindroteuthis oweni Pratt and Owen 1844
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Invalid names: Belemnites tornatilis Phillips 1835 [synonym]
†Cylindroteuthis porrecta Phillips 1870
†Cylindroteuthis puzosi d'Orbigny 1843
†Cylindroteuthis venusta Dzyuba 2012
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calciteo
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: fast-movingc
Life habit: nektonico
Diet: carnivorec
Vision: well-developedc
Created: 2005-01-28 02:38:11
Modified: 2005-10-06 16:04:16
Source: o = order, c = class
References: Kiessling 2003, Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Paleozoic to the top of the Maastrichtian or 538.80000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (215 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Paleozoic538.8 - 251.902USA (Alaska) Belemnites sp. (112515)
Tuvalian232.0 - 221.5Mexico (Sonora) Actinoconites sp. (32836)
Early/Lower Jurassic201.4 - 174.7Mexico (Sonora) Belemnites sp. (39132)
Early/Lower Jurassic201.4 - 174.7United Kingdom (Somerset) Belemnites acutus (198904)
Jurassic - Hauterivian201.4 - 129.4Chile (Coquimbo) Belemnites sp. (221573)
Jurassic - Early/Lower Cretaceous201.4 - 100.5USA (Alaska) Belemnites sp. (112306)
Jurassic - Cretaceous201.4 - 66.0USA (Alaska) Belemnites sp. (112471)
Middle Hettangian201.3 - 196.5Chile (Antofagasta) Belemnites sp. (210218 210562)
Sinemurian199.3 - 190.8Russian Federation Belemnitidae indet. (129829)
Sinemurian199.3 - 190.8United Kingdom (Gloucestershire) Nannobelus sp. (204147)
Early/Lower Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6United Kingdom (England) Nannobelus brevis (29241)
Early/Lower Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6Germany Nannobelus acutus (28885 28886 28890 28894 28897)
Early/Lower Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6Luxembourg Nannobelus acutus (95991)
Early/Lower Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6France Nannobelus sp. (29332 29333)
Late/Upper Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6United Kingdom (Gloucestershire) Nannobelus sp. (204130 204132 204133)
Obtusum196.5 - 189.6United Kingdom (Somerset) Nannobelus sp. (179702)
Oxynotum196.5 - 189.6United Kingdom (Somerset) Cylindroteuthis sp. (159469)
Raricostatum196.5 - 189.6United Kingdom (Somerset) Cylindroteuthis sp. (159478)
Pliensbachian190.8 - 182.7Greenland Belemnites indet. (162065) Belemnites sp. (161974 162068) Prototeuthis pennicillata (161963 162100) Prototeuthis sp. (162262)
Pliensbachian190.8 - 182.7Austria Belemnites sp. (218330)
Early/Lower Pliensbachian189.6 - 183.0United Kingdom (Gloucestershire) Nannobelus sp. (204129)
Jamesoni189.6 - 183.0Greenland Prototeuthis pennicillata (162071 162072 162073)
Early/Lower Toarcian183.0 - 182.0Serbia and Montenegro Belemnites sp. (73353)
Early/Lower Toarcian - Late/Upper Aalenian183.0 - 171.6Chile (Huasco) Belemnites sp. (223405)
Toarcian182.7 - 174.1USA (Alaska) Cylindroteuthis sp. (5475)
Early/Lower Aalenian175.6 - 171.6Russian Federation Belemnitidae indet. (129591)
Middle Jurassic - Late/Upper Jurassic174.7 - 145.0USA (Alaska) Belemnites sp. (112514 112516 112518 112519)
Aalenian - Early/Lower Bajocian174.1 - 168.4New Zealand Cylindroteuthis sp. (56398)
Early/Lower Bajocian171.6 - 168.4Russian Federation Cylindroteuthis gelida (192740) Cylindroteuthis spathi (192743)
Late/Upper Bajocian171.6 - 167.7Russian Federation Belemnitidae indet. (129666)
Bajocian170.3 - 168.3Chile (Huasco) Belemnites sp. (223389)
Bathonian168.3 - 166.1Greenland Cylindroteuthis sp. (141379)
Early/Lower Bathonian167.7 - 164.7Russian Federation Nannobelus bellus, Nannobelus parabellus (68353)
Middle Bathonian167.7 - 164.7North Atlantic Cylindroteuthis subextensa (35299)
Early/Lower Callovian164.7 - 161.2Svalbard and Jan Mayen Belemnites sp. (213098)
Early/Lower Callovian164.7 - 161.2Chile (Antofagasta) Belemnites sp. (172173)
Late/Upper Callovian164.7 - 161.2Chile (Antofagasta) Belemnites sp. (172174)
Oxfordian163.5 - 157.3United Kingdom (England) Belemnites porrectus, Belemnites tornatilis (100669)
Oxfordian163.5 - 157.3Svalbard and Jan Mayen Belemnites sp. (212008)
Oxfordian163.5 - 157.3Spain Belemnites sp. (67866 67867)
Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian163.5 - 152.1USA (California) Belemnites sp. (192799 192800 192801 192802)
Oxfordian - Tithonian163.5 - 145.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Cylindroteuthis beaumonti, Cylindroteuthis oweni (212490)
Late/Upper Jurassic161.5 - 145.0USA (California) Belemnites pacificus (209788)
Late/Upper Jurassic - Early/Lower Cretaceous161.5 - 100.5USA (Alaska) Belemnites sp. (112458)
Early/Lower Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7Switzerland Cylindroteuthis puzosi (171559 171561 171562 171567)
Late/Upper Oxfordian - Early/Lower Kimmeridgian161.2 - 150.8USA (California) Belemnites pacificus (192811 192812 192835 192837 192845 192857) Belemnites sp. (192838)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1United Kingdom (England) Belemnites sp. (1569)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1Ethiopia Belemnites sp. (94584 94585)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1Svalbard and Jan Mayen Belemnites sp. (212014 212017) Belemnites sp., Belemnites puzosi (212018) Cylindroteuthis sp. (212945 212976)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Mexico (Coahuila) Cylindroteuthis cuspidata (175827) Cylindroteuthis cuspidata, Cylindroteuthis jacutica (175828) Cylindroteuthis jacutica (175829)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian - Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8USA (Alaska) Cylindroteuthis sp. (5213)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Russian Federation (Siberia) Belemnites indet. (2465) Cylindroteuthis comes, Cylindroteuthis porrectiformis (2475)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Greenland Belemnites indet. (1245 1259 1277)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Belemnites sp. (212021)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0USA (California) Belemnites sp. (225615) Cylindroteuthis newvillensis (225611) Cylindroteuthis occidentalis, Cylindroteuthis knoxvillensis, Cylindroteuthis glennensis, Cylindroteuthis klamathonae, Cylindroteuthis porrectiformis, Cylindroteuthis clavicula, Acroteuthis watsonensis (224818) Cylindroteuthis sp. (185366)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Mexico (Coahuila) Cylindroteuthis jacutica (175830)
Middle Berriasian145.0 - 140.2Canada (British Columbia) Cylindroteuthis baculus (185067)
Berriasian145.0 - 139.8Russian Federation Acroteuthis anabarensis, Acroteuthis arctica, Acroteuthis vnigri, Acroteuthis chetae, Acroteuthis explanatoides, Acroteuthis lateralis, Acroteuthis explorata, Acroteuthis freboldi, Acroteuthis hauthali, Cylindroteuthis repentina, Cylindroteuthis sp. (2519) Acroteuthis anabarensis, Acroteuthis vnigri, Cylindroteuthis lepida, Cylindroteuthis repentina (2492) Acroteuthis arctica, Acroteuthis anabarensis, Acroteuthis hauthali (2518) Acroteuthis explanatoides, Acroteuthis anabarensis, Acroteuthis lateralis, Acroteuthis arctica, Acroteuthis explorata (2517) Acroteuthis explanatoides, Acroteuthis arctica (2463) Acroteuthis lateralis (2524 2530) Acroteuthis lateralis, Acroteuthis arctica (2525) Acroteuthis mosquensis (2501) Acroteuthis mosquensis, Acroteuthis uralensis, Acroteuthis explorata, Cylindroteuthis lepida, Cylindroteuthis subconoidea, Cylindroteuthis repentina, Cylindroteuthis porrectiformis (2505) Acroteuthis polaris, Cylindroteuthis sp. (2459) Acroteuthis russiensis (2513) Acroteuthis sp. (2500) Acroteuthis sp., Cylindroteuthis lepida, Cylindroteuthis luljensis, Cylindroteuthis repentina, Cylindroteuthis subconoidea, Cylindroteuthis porrectiformis (2491) Acroteuthis uralensis, Acroteuthis mosquensis (2502) Acroteuthis uralensis, Acroteuthis mosquensis, Acroteuthis sp. (2516) Acroteuthis uralensis, Acroteuthis posquensis, Acroteuthis prolateralis, Acroteuthis russiensis (2510) Belemnites indet. (2494 2496 2497 2512) Cylindroteuthis lepida, Cylindroteuthis luljensis, Cylindroteuthis repentina, Cylindroteuthis porrectiformis (2456 2488 2489) Cylindroteuthis lepida, Cylindroteuthis luljensis, Cylindroteuthis repentina, Cylindroteuthis subconoidea, Cylindroteuthis porrectiformis (2490) Cylindroteuthis sp. (2498)
Berriasian145.0 - 139.8Russian Federation (Siberia) Acroteuthis anabarensis, Cylindroteuthis repentina (2470) Belemnites indet. (2481) Belemnites indet., Cylindroteuthis baculus, Cylindroteuthis repentina (2468) Belemnites indet., Cylindroteuthis porrectiformis (2471) Cylindroteuthis baculus, Cylindroteuthis porrectiformis (2467) Cylindroteuthis baculus, Cylindroteuthis repentina (2469) Cylindroteuthis porrectiformis (2478 2483)
Berriasian145.0 - 139.8Greenland Acroteuthis sp. (82615 82617 82619 82620 82622 82625)
Late/Upper Berriasian - Valanginian145.0 - 132.9Germany Acroteuthis explanatoides (95087)
Neocomian145.0 - 125.77Antarctica Belemnites indet. (36806)
Cretaceous145.0 - 66.0USA (Alaska) Belemnites sp. (112308)
Early/Lower Valanginian140.2 - 136.4Russian Federation Acroteuthis acrei, Acroteuthis anabarensis (189620) Acroteuthis anabarensis (189623) Acroteuthis arctica (189621) Acroteuthis arctica, Acroteuthis hauthali (189626) Acroteuthis arctica, Cylindroteuthis sp. (189628) Acroteuthis hauthali, Cylindroteuthis baulus (189630) Acroteuthis hauthali, Cylindroteuthis repentina (189625) Acroteuthis pseudorussiensis, Acroteuthis explantoides (68923) Acroteuthis sp. (189622 189624 189627) Acroteuthis vnigri (189635 189636) Cylindroteuthis harabylensis (189632) Cylindroteuthis sp. (189633)
Early/Lower Valanginian140.2 - 136.4Russian Federation (Siberia) Acroteuthis sp. (64309)
Late/Upper Valanginian140.2 - 136.4Canada (British Columbia) Acroteuthis sp. (88102)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9Russian Federation (Siberia) Acroteuthis arctica, Belemnites indet. (2486) Acroteuthis bojarkae (2474) Acroteuthis chetae, Acroteuthis lateralis, Acroteuthis bojarkae, Belemnites indet. (2472) Acroteuthis freboldi, Acroteuthis polaris (2487)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9Switzerland Belemnites indet. (2244) Belemnites sp. (2247)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9Russian Federation Acroteuthis anabarensis, Acroteuthis vnigri, Acroteuthis arctica, Acroteuthis chetae, Acroteuthis polaris, Acroteuthis explorata, Cylindroteuthis repentina (2493) Acroteuthis corpulenta, Acroteuthis russiensis, Acroteuthis mosquensis (2515) Belemnites sp. (2534)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9USA (California) Belemnites impressus (83596) Belemnites sp., Belemnites impressus (83608)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9Svalbard and Jan Mayen Belemnites sp. (212034 212039 212040 212041 212042)
Late/Upper Hauterivian136.4 - 130.0Canada (British Columbia) Acroteuthis impressa (88106)
Hauterivian132.9 - 129.4Canada (British Columbia) Acroteuthis sp. (57078)
Hauterivian132.9 - 129.4Switzerland Belemnites sp. (2248)
Hauterivian132.9 - 129.4USA (Alaska) Belemnites sp. (2381 2382)
Hauterivian132.9 - 129.4Russian Federation Acroteuthis pseudopanderi (57129)
Hauterivian132.9 - 129.4USA (California) Acroteuthis shastensis (83591)
Hauterivian - Early/Lower Barremian132.9 - 125.45USA (California) Acroteuthis aboriginalis (216290)
Hauterivian - Barremian132.9 - 125.0Canada (Yukon) Acroteuthis panderiana (55963) Cylindroteuthis subporrecta (55971)
Late/Upper Barremian130.0 - 125.45USA (California) Acroteuthis aboriginalis (216288) Acroteuthis impressa (225528) Acroteuthis onoensis, Acroteuthis mitchelli (225526) Acroteuthis winslowensis (216299 216304 216306)
Barremian129.4 - 125.0Canada (Yukon) Acroteuthis pseudopanderi, Acroteuthis conoides (87408) Acroteuthis subquadratus (87416)
Barremian129.4 - 125.0Canada (Northwest Territories) Acroteuthis pseudopanderi (55860 55861 55863) Acroteuthis sp. (55839 55843 55844 55862) Acroteuthis subquadratus (55841)
Barremian129.4 - 125.0Canada (British Columbia) Acroteuthis impressa (88116) Acroteuthis sp. (88112)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Belemnites sp. (212045)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 113.0USA (California) Acroteuthis onoensis (216309 216310 216312 216316)
Early/Lower Albian112.03 - 109.0Mexico (Coahuila de Zaragoza) Belemnites sp. (88253)
Early/Lower Albian112.03 - 109.0Mexico (Chihuahua) Belemnites sp. (88250)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3Canada (Northwest Territories) Belemnites sp. (87436)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Belemnites sp. (189419)