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Pipilo (towhee)
Taxonomy
Pipilo was named by Vieillot (1816). It is extant. Its type is Fringilla erythrophthalma.
It was assigned to Fringillinae by Hay (1930); to Emberizinae by Wetmore (1940); to Emberizidae by Wetmore (1956); to Fringillidae by Parmalee and Klippel (1982); and to Passerellidae by Clements et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Fringillinae by Hay (1930); to Emberizinae by Wetmore (1940); to Emberizidae by Wetmore (1956); to Fringillidae by Parmalee and Klippel (1982); and to Passerellidae by Clements et al. (2017).
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1816 | Pipilo Vieillot |
1930 | Pipilo Hay p. 358 |
1940 | Pipilo Wetmore p. 78 |
1956 | Pipilo Wetmore p. 99 |
1982 | Pipilo Parmalee and Klippel p. 366 |
2017 | Pipilo Clements et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Pipilo Vieillot 1816 [towhee]
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†Pipilo angelensis Dawson 1948
Pipilo chlorurus Audubon 1839 [green-tailed towhee]
Pipilo erythrophthalmus Linnaeus 1758 [eastern towhee]
Pipilo maculatus Swainson 1827 [spotted towhee]
†Pipilo naufragus Olson and Wingate 2012 [Bermuda towhee]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
References: Marsh 1875, Benton 1983 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Rancholabrean to the top of the Holocene or 0.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.126 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.126 Ma
Collections (35 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Pleistocene | USA (California) | Pipilo maculatus (176098) | |
Middle Pleistocene | Bermuda | Pipilo naufragus (94308 194454 194461 194465) | |
Rancholabrean | Mexico (Puebla) | Pipilo sp. (230717) | |
Rancholabrean | USA (Florida) | Pipilo erythrophthalmus (20491) | |
Rancholabrean | USA (California) | Pipilo maculatus, Pipilo angelensis (152007) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Bermuda | Pipilo naufragus (94310 194448 194449 194451 194455 194456 194457 194458 194459 194460) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial) | Bermuda | Pipilo naufragus (154780 154781 194464) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Wyoming) | Pipilo chlorurus (93277) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Pipilo maculatus (123918 218989) Pipilo maculatus, Pipilo chlorurus (215552) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Tennessee) | Pipilo erythrophthalmus (82890) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Florida) | Pipilo erythrophthalmus (20571 20595) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Georgia) | Pipilo erythrophthalmus (84190) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Bermuda | Pipilo naufragus (194444) | |
Holocene | Bermuda | Pipilo naufragus (94307 194445 194446 194462 194463) |