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Tainoceras
Taxonomy
Tainoceras was named by Hyatt (1883) [Sepkoski's age data: C Step-l Tr Carn Sepkoski's reference number: 524,995]. It is the type genus of Tainoceratidae.
It was assigned to Nautilida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Tainoceratidae by Teichert et al. (1964), Shimanskiy (1967), Parnes (1986) and Miao et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Nautilida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Tainoceratidae by Teichert et al. (1964), Shimanskiy (1967), Parnes (1986) and Miao et al. (2019).
Species
T. abukumaense, T. balestense, T. carinatum, T. cavatum, T. changlingpuense, T. clydense, T. comptum, T. debile, T. duttoni (syn. T. unklesbayi), T. gibbosum, T. guizhouense, T. hunanense, T. kitakamiense, T. lateronodosum, T. malsineri, T. mingshanense, T. murrayi, T. nebrascense, T. noetlingi, T. orientale, T. rotundatum, T. schellbachi, T. sexlineatum, T. toulai, T. trautscholdi, T. trimuense, T. wyomingense
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1883 | Tainoceras Hyatt |
| 1964 | Tainoceras Teichert et al. p. 413 |
| 1967 | Tainoceras Shimanskiy p. 91 |
| 1986 | Tainoceras Parnes |
| 2002 | Tainoceras Sepkoski |
| 2019 | Tainoceras Miao et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Tainoceras Hyatt 1883
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†Tainoceras abukumaense Hayasaka 1957
†Tainoceras balestense Prinoth and Posenato 2007
†Tainoceras carinatum Ehiro and Araki 1997
†Tainoceras cavatum Hyatt 1891
†Tainoceras changlingpuense Zhao 1954
†Tainoceras clydense Miller and Kemp 1947
†Tainoceras comptum Reed 1944
†Tainoceras debile Reed 1944
†Tainoceras duttoni Hyatt 1893
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Invalid names: Tainoceras unklesbayi Miller and Youngquist 1949 [synonym]
†Tainoceras gibbosum Zheng 1984
†Tainoceras guizhouense Zheng 1984
†Tainoceras hunanense Zhao 1954
†Tainoceras kitakamiense Hayasaka 1962
†Tainoceras lateronodosum Zheng 1984
†Tainoceras malsineri Prinoth and Posenato 2007
†Tainoceras mingshanense Kayser 1883
†Tainoceras murrayi Miller and Unklesbay 1942
†Tainoceras nebrascense Miller et al. 1933
†Tainoceras noetlingi Frech 1911
†Tainoceras noetlingi subglobosa Reed 1931
†Tainoceras orientale Kayser 1883
†Tainoceras rotundatum Miller and Unklesbay 1942
†Tainoceras schellbachi Miller and Unklesbay 1942
†Tainoceras sexlineatum Tucker 1976
†Tainoceras toulai Gemmellaro 1889
†Tainoceras trautscholdi Waagen 1879
†Tainoceras trimuense Reed 1944
†Tainoceras wyomingense Miller and Thomas 1936
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
| part | N | mean | minimum | maximum | median | s.d. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| shell height | 34 | 36.6 | 25.5 | 62.5 | 37.0 | 8.57 | |
| shell diameter | 34 | 80.7 | 21.4 | 162.0 | 93.0 | 31.0 | |
| shell inflation | 34 | 32.6 | 22.0 | 45.0 | 33.0 | 5.51 |
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| Source: o = order, c = class | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2003, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range: base of the Desmoinesian to the top of the Changhsingian or 312.80000 to 252.17000 Ma
Collections (98 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Desmoinesian | USA (Texas) | T. sp. (216619) | |
| Gzhelian | Russian Federation | Nautilus trautscholdi (166300) T. trautscholdi (51474) | |
| Gzhelian | USA (Oklahoma) | T. murrayi (113089) | |
| Virgilian | USA (New Mexico) | T. nebrascense (156715) | |
| Virgilian | USA (Texas) | T. monilifer (217894 217897 217901 217905 217906 217908 217913 217915 217927 217929 217932 217941 217960 217977 217979 217992 217993 217994 218024 225019 225021) T. monilifer, T. sp. (217893) T. sp. (50197 217898) T. sp., T. monilifer (220414) | |
| Virgilian | USA (Illinois) | T. monilifer, T. sexlineatum (50219) T. sexlineatum (49830) | |
| Virgilian | USA (Maryland) | T. monolifer (118827) | |
| Asselian | USA (Wyoming) | T. wyomingense (113082) | |
| Sakmarian | Japan | T. sp. (107622) | |
| Artinskian | USA (Texas) | Nautilus occidentalis, Nautilus sp. (108766) | |
| Artinskian | USA (Nebraska) | T. nebrascense (82796) | |
| Artinskian | Japan (Iwate) | T. kitakamiense (182561) | |
| Kungurian | USA (New Mexico) | T. duttoni (166363) | |
| Kungurian | China | T. hunanense, T. changlingpuense (66112) | |
| Kungurian | USA (Arizona) | T. duttoni (113087) T. schellbachi (113088 113090) | |
| Kungurian | USA (Texas) | T. clydense (113427) T. sp. (113426 113429) | |
| Kungurian | China (Hunan) | T. orientale (121720) | |
| Roadian | USA (Arizona) | T. schellbachi (113091 113094) T. sp. (80924 113416) | |
| Roadian | Japan | T. kitakamiense (109636) | |
| Wordian | Pakistan | T. comptum (125866) T. trimuense (125843 125849) | |
| Wordian | Malaysia (Pahang) | T. sp. (50130) | |
| Wordian | Italy | Pleuronautilus toulai (108567) | |
| Capitanian | Japan | T. abukumaense (118970) T. carinatum (107591) T. kitakamiense (107592) T. sp. (107595) | |
| Capitanian | Pakistan | T. noetlingi (127033) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Japan | T. abukumaense (109642) | |
| Wuchiapingian | China (Jiangxi) | T. sp. (101627 101628 144027) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Iran | T. sp. (119043) | |
| Wuchiapingian | China (Guizhou) | T. sp. (111995 111996 111999 112105 112106 197494) | |
| Lopingian | China (Jiangxi) | Nautilus orientalis, Nautilus mingshanensis (109628) | |
| Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian | Pakistan | T. comptum (127012) T. comptum, T. debile (127013) | |
| Changhsingian | China (Guizhou) | T. gibbosum (112093) T. guizhouense (121690 121698) T. guizhouensis (112011 112085 112090) T. lateronodosum (112016) T. sp. (112009 121689 121704 149300 151131 151132) | |
| Changhsingian (interglacial) | China (Guizhou) | T. sp., T. guizhouense (218367) | |
| Changhsingian | Italy (Trentino-Alto Adige) | T. sp. (81527) | |
| Changhsingian | Pakistan | T. sp. (126981) | |
| Changhsingian | Italy | T. balestense (95453 95454 95456) T. balestense, T. malsineri (95458) | |
| Changhsingian | Iran | T. sp. (119060) | |
| Changhsingian | China (Zhejiang) | T. sp. (121646) |