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Parabolinoididae

Trilobita - Olenida - Parabolinoididae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1956Parabolinoididae Lochman
1997Parabolinoididae Whittington et al. p. 301
2002Parabolinoididae Jell and Adrain p. 475
2011Parabolinoididae Adrain p. 107

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Ecdysozoa
—Panarthropoda
RankNameAuthor
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
subphylumArtiopoda(Hou and Bergstrom)
classTrilobitaWalch 1771
orderOlenida
familyParabolinoididaeLochman 1956
familyParabolinoididaeLochman 1956

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Parabolinoididae Lochman 1956
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G. †Abdulinaspis Ergaliev 1980
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†Abdulinaspis concinnus Ergaliev 1980
G. †Apomodocia Hu 1971
G. †Croixana Nelson 1951
G. †Kendallina Berg 1953
G. †Minkella Lochmann and Hu 1959
G. †Orygmaspis Resser 1937
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Subg. †Orygmaspis (Parabolinoides) Frederickson 1949
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†Orygmaspis (Parabolinoides) billingsi Ludvigsen et al. 1989
†Orygmaspis (Parabolinoides) richardsoni Ludvigsen et al. 1989
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Invalid names: Conocoryphe williamsoni Salter 1873 [synonym]
Invalid names: Bernia Frederickson 1949 [synonym]
G. †Pedinocephalus Ivshin 1953
G. †Pesaiella Rozova 1964
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†Pesaiella obnixa Rozova 1964
†Pesaiella perfida Chernysheva 1960
G. †Roksaspis Ludvigsen et al. 1989
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†Roksaspis longifrons Ludvigsen et al. 1989
†Roksaspis turbinella Ludvigsen et al. 1989
G. †Stigmacephaloides Ellinwood 1962
G. †Taenicephalus Ulrich and Resser 1924
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†Taenicephalus polyaricus Rozova 1963
Invalid names: Bemaspis Frederickson 1949 [synonym], Maustonia Berg 1953 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitec
Composition 2: chitinc
Ontogeny: molting, addition of partsc
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: fast-movingc
Life habit: low-level epifaunalc
Diet: carnivorec
Vision: well-developedf
Created: 2009-12-13 23:05:14
Modified: 2009-12-14 01:05:14
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Whittington et al. 1997, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Maduan to the top of the Aksaian or 497.00000 to 491.50000 Ma

Collections (112 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Cambrian538.8 - 485.4USA (Pennsylvania) Parabolinoides sp. (156639) Taenicephalus shumardi (156653 156654 156665)
Maduan497.0 - 495.0Russian Federation (Krasnoyar) Pesaiella perfida (131420) Taenicephalus polyaricus (131070) Taenicephalus polyaricus, Pesaiella perfida (131069) Taenicephalus sp., Taenicephalus polyaricus (131071)
Steptoean497.0 - 493.5USA (Texas) Taenicephalus sp. (237)
Dresbachian497.0 - 485.4Canada (Yukon) Parabolinoides calvilimbata (55234)
Franconian497.0 - 485.4Canada (Yukon) Minkella americana (55302) Minkella sp. (55284 55304) Orygmaspis sp., Taenicephalus sp. (55301) Taenicephalus sp. (55303)
Franconian497.0 - 485.4USA (Wisconsin) Taenicephalus sp. (248)
Franconian497.0 - 485.4USA (Wyoming) Kendallina eryon, Taenicephalus shumardi (8950) Parabolinoides expansus (9042 9043 9044) Taenicephalus sp. (8948 8949)
Franconian497.0 - 485.4USA (Montana) Croixana sp. (247) Kendallina eryon, Maustonia nasuta, Orygmaspis sp., Parabolinoides contractus, Taenicephalus sp., Croixana bipunctata (249) Parabolinoides sp. (246)
Franconian497.0 - 485.4USA (Idaho) Minkella sp. (251) Taenicephalus sp., Croixana sp. (184601)
Franconian497.0 - 485.4USA (Missouri) Kendallina biforota, Taenicephalus shumardi (9163) Kendallina sp., Orygmaspis sp. (9161) Kendallina sp., Orygmaspis sp., Taenicephalus shumardi (9184) Kendallina sp., Taenicephalus shumardi (9160) Maustonia nasuta, Taenicephalus shumardi (9185 9186) Maustonia sp., Taenicephalus sp. (9188) Orygmaspis sp. (9202) Parabolinoides hebe (9148 9149 9150 9158 9159 9190 9201) Parabolinoides hebe, Taenicephalus shumardi (9187) Taenicephalus shumardi (9143 9166 9167 9168 9189 9205 9207 9211 9212)
Franconian497.0 - 485.4Canada (Newfoundland) Parabolinoides sp. (197982)
Franconian497.0 - 485.4USA (South Dakota) Parabolinoides contractus (9713 9716 9718 9723 9726 9729 9731 9732) Parabolinoides contractus, Taenicephalus nasutus (9733) Parabolinoides contractus, Taenicephalus shumardi (9711 9712 9717 9719 9722 9724) Parabolinoides granulosus, Taenicephalus shumardi (9721) Taenicephalus shumardi (9714 9715 9720 9725 9728 9730)
Furongian497.0 - 485.4USA (Utah) Parabolinoides sp. (156357 156443 156470)
Tavgian497.0 - 485.4Russian Federation (Krasnoyar) Pesaiella obnixa (131067 131343) Pesaiella obnixa, Pesaiella perfida (131068) Pesaiella perfida (131418)
Sunwaptan493.5 - 487.5Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) Orygmaspis billingsi, Roksaspis turbinella (81273) Orygmaspis billingsi, Roksaspis turbinella, Roksaspis longifrons (81288)
Sunwaptan493.5 - 487.5Canada (Alberta) Croixana ambigua (81296) Croixana ambigua, Croixana inflata (64687) Croixana ambigua, Croixana inflata, Minkella sp., Minkella modesta (54091) Croixana inflata (81299) Kendallina crassitesta, Orygmaspis spinula, Orygmaspis triangularis, Orygmaspis contracta, Orygmaspis calvilimbata (54085) Kendallina crassitesta, Orygmaspis triangularis, Orygmaspis contracta, Orygmaspis spinula, Taenicephalus shumardi, Orygmaspis calvilimbata (64686) Kendallina eryon, Orygmaspis cordillerensis, Orygmaspis contracta, Taenicephalus nasutus, Taenicephalus sp., Taenicephalus shumardi (54086) Minkella carita, Minkella fracida (54087) Minkella modesta (54088 81302) Minkella sp. (54092) Minkella sp. A (81304)
Aksaian492.8 - 491.5Kazakhstan Abdulinaspis concinnus (118458 118460 118462 118463 118464 118465 118467 118468 118474 118475 118476 118477 118479 118481 122774)
Dolgellian492.5 - 485.4USA (Pennsylvania) Parabolinoides spp. (62089)