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Sauropsida
Taxonomy
Sauropsida was named by Huxley (1864) [The term "Sauropsida" occurs in a footnote. Otherwise the same group (reptiles + birds) is always referred to as "sauroids". ]. It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Laurin and Reisz (1995).
It was synonymized subjectively with Diapsida by Kuhn (1966).
It was assigned to Amniota by Huxley (1864), Laurin and Reisz (1995).
It was synonymized subjectively with Diapsida by Kuhn (1966).
It was assigned to Amniota by Huxley (1864), Laurin and Reisz (1995).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1864 | Sauropsida Huxley p. 76 |
| 1995 | Sauropsida Laurin and Reisz p. 172 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. Sauropsida Huxley 1864
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Fm. †Mesosauridae Baur 1889
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G. †Mesosaurus Gervais 1865
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†Mesosaurus tenuidens Gervais 1865
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Invalid names: Ditrochosaurus capensis Gürich 1889 [synonym], Mesosaurus brasiliensis Mac Gregor 1908 [synonym]
Invalid names: Ditrochosaurus Gürich 1889 [synonym]
Invalid names: Mesosaurus pleurogaster Seeley 1892 [nomen dubium], Noteosaurus Broom 1913 [invalid subgroup], Noteosaurus africanus Broom 1913 [nomen dubium]
Cl. Reptilia Laurenti 1768 [reptile]
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Unr. Amblyglossae Fitzinger 1843
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G. †Anhomoiichnium Dozy 1935
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G. †Dimetropus Romer and Price 1940
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†Dimetropus berea Tilton 1931
†Dimetropus latus Heyler and Montenat 1980
†Dimetropus leisnerianus Geintiz 1863
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†Ichnium acrodactylum dispar Pabst 1908
Invalid names: Ichnium acrodactylum Pabst 1908 [synonym]
Subcl. Eureptilia Olson 1947 [eureptile]
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Fm. †Captorhinidae Case 1911
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G. †Captorhinus Cope 1896
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†Captorhinus aguti Cope 1882
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Invalid names: Bayloria morei Olson 1941 [synonym], Captorhinus aduncus Cope 1896 [synonym], Captorhinus angusticeps Cope 1896 [synonym], Captorhinus isolomus Cope 1896 [synonym], Hypopnous squaliceps Cope 1896 [synonym], Paracaptorhinus neglectus Watson 1954 [synonym]
†Captorhinus kierani deBraga et al. 2019
†Captorhinus laticeps Williston 1909
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Invalid names: Labidosaurus oklahomensis Seltin 1959 [synonym]
†Captorhinus magnus Kissel et al. 2002
Invalid names: Bayloria Olson 1941 [synonym], Ectocynodon Cope 1878 [invalid subgroup], Eocaptorhinus Heaton 1979 [synonym], Hypopnous Cope 1896 [synonym], Paracaptorhinus Watson 1954 [synonym]
G. †Euconcordia Reisz et al. 2016
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†Euconcordia cunninghami Müller and Reisz 2005
Invalid names: Concordia Müller and Reisz 2005 [replaced]
G. †Helodectes Cope 1880
G. †Labidosaurikos Stovall 1950
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G. †Labidosaurus Cope 1896
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†Labidosaurus broilii Case 1911
†Labidosaurus hamatus Cope 1896
†Labidosaurus incisivus Cope 1888
Subfm. †Moradisaurinae de Ricqlès and Taquet 1982
+
G. †Captorhinikos Olson 1954
G. †Gansurhinus Reisz et al. 2011
G. †Gecatogomphius Vjushkov and Chudinov 1957
G. †Hyloidichnus Gilmore 1927
G. †Kahneria Olson 1962
G. †Moradisaurus Taquet 1969
G. †Protocaptorhinus Clark and Carroll 1973
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†Protocaptorhinus pricei Clark and Carroll 1973
Invalid names: Pleuristion Case 1902 [nomen dubium], Pleuristion brachycoelous Case 1902 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Captorhininae Case 1911 [empty], Pariotichidae Cope 1883 [synonym], Riabininus Ivakhnenko 1990 [nomen dubium], Riabininus uralensis Riabinin 1915 [nomen dubium]
Unr. Romeriida Gauthier et al. 1988
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Unr. Diapsida Osborn 1903 [diapsid]
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G. †Adelosaurus Watson 1914
Unr. †Araeoscelidia Williston 1913
Unr. †Archelosauria Crawford 2015
Unr. Archosauromorpha Huene 1946 [archosauromorph]
G. †Dolerosaurus Butler 2013
Unr. †Drepanosauromorpha Renesto et al. 2010
Unr. Eosuchia Broom 1914
G. †Horaffia Klein and Hagdorn 2014
Or. †Hupehsuchia Carroll and Dong 1991
Unr. †Ichthyosauromorpha Motani et al. 2015
G. †Lanthanolania Modesto and Reisz 2002
G. †Microzemiotes Burch et al. 2024
Subor. †Sauropterygia Owen 1859
Fm. †Saurosphargidae Li et al. 2011
G. †Stauromatodon Sobral et al. 2021
Unr. †Thalattosauriformes Nicholls 1999
Invalid names: Diaptosauria Osborn 1903 [empty], Endennasauridae [empty], Fremouwsauridae Gow 1992 [empty], Prodiapsida [empty], Rysosteus Owen 1842 [nomen dubium], Utahdactylus Czerkas and Mickelson 2002 [nomen dubium], Utahdactylus kateae Czerkas and Mickelson 2002 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Captorhina Olson 1947 [empty], Parapsida Williston 1917 [empty]
G. Glauconia Gray 1845
G. †Ischyrotherium Leidy 1856
Subcl. Monozygocrotapha Nopcsa 1928
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Invalid names: Dranitesauria Nopcsa 1928 [empty], Pelycosauria Cope 1878 [empty]
G. †Oolithes Buckman 1859
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†Oolithes bathonicae Buckman 1859
†Oolithes nanhsiungensis Young 1965
†Oolithes obtusatus Carruthers 1871
†Oolithes sphaericus Carruthers 1871
Unr. Pantestudines Joyce et al. 2004
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Subcl. †Parareptilia Lawrence 1868 [parareptile]
+
Unr. †Bolosauria Kuhn 1959
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Fm. †Bolosauridae Cope 1878
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Subfm. †Belebeyinae Ivakhnenko 2001
Subfm. †Bolosaurinae Cope 1878
G. †Eudibamus Berman et al. 2000
Invalid names: Bolosaurus traati Tatarinov 1974 [nomen dubium]
Superor. †Cheloniamorpha Ivakhnenko 1997
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Or. †Pareiasaurida Ivakhnenko 1997
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Subor. †Nycteroleterina Ivakhnenko 1997
G. †Sukhonopus Gubin et al. 2003
Invalid names: Pareiasaurina Ivakhnenko 1997 [empty]
Fm. †Millerettidae Romer 1956
+
G. †Milleretta Broom 1948
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†Milleretta rubidgei Broom 1938
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Invalid names: Millerettoides platyceps Broom 1948 [synonym], Millerettops kitchingi Broom 1948 [synonym]
Invalid names: Millerettoides Broom 1948 [synonym], Millerettops Broom 1948 [synonym], Millerina Broom 1938 [replaced]
G. †Millerosaurus Broom 1948
+
†Millerosaurus nuffieldi Watson 1957
†Millerosaurus ornatus Broom 1948
Invalid names: Nanomilleretta Broom and Robinson 1948 [nomen dubium], Nanomilleretta kitchingi Broom and Robinson 1948 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Nyctiphruretidae Efremov 1938
+
G. †Nyctiphruretus Efremov 1938
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†Nyctiphruretus acudens Efremov 1938
†Nyctiphruretus optabilis Bulanov 2002
Superfm. †Procolophonoidea Romer 1956
+
G. †Procolophonichnium Nopcsa 1923
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†Procolophonichnium haarmuehlensis Holst et al. 1970
†Procolophonichnium nopcsai Nopcsa 1923
†Procolophonichnium polonicum Ptaszynski 1990
†Procolophonichnium tirolensis Ceoloni et al. 1988
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Invalid names: Chelichnus tazelwurmi Ceoloni et al. 1988 [synonym], Paradoxichnium radeinensis Ceoloni et al. 1988 [synonym], Prochirotherium permicum Leonardi 1951 [synonym]
†Procolophonichnium winterswijkense Demathieu and Oosterink 1983
Invalid names: Contiichnus Citton et al. 2017 [synonym]
Fm. †Procolophonidae Lydekker 1889
+
G. †Acadiella Sues and Baird 1998
G. †Coletta Gow 2000
G. †Contritosaurus Ivakhnenko 1974
G. †Eomurruna Hamley et al. 2021
G. †Estheriophagus Novozhilov 1948
G. †Eumetabolodon Li 1983
G. †Gomphiosauridion Sues and Olsen 1993
G. †Haligonia Sues and Baird 1998
G. †Kitchingnathus Cisneros 2008
G. †Koiloskiosaurus Huene 1911
G. †Lasasaurus Falconnet et al. 2012
Subfm. †Leptopleuroninae Ivakhnenko 1979
G. †Myognathus
G. †Neoprocolophon Young 1957
G. †Oryporan Pinheiro et al. 2021
G. †Pentaedrusaurus Li 1989
Subfm. †Procolophoninae Nopcsa 1928
G. †Procolophonoides Ivakhnenko 1979
G. †Sauropareion Modesto et al. 2001
G. †Smilodonterpeton Skinner et al. 2020
G. †Spondylolestes Broom 1937
G. †Suchonosaurus Tverdochlebova and Ivakhnenko 1994
G. †Teratophon Modesto and Damiani 2003
G. †Thelephon Modesto and Damiani 2003
G. †Thelerpeton Modesto and Damiani 2003
G. †Youngetta Hamley et al. 2020
Invalid names: Paoteodon Chow and Sun 1960 [nomen dubium], Spondylolestidae Ivakhnenko 1979 [invalid subgroup], Thelegnathus Broom 1905 [nomen dubium], Thelegnathus browni Broom 1905 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Tichvinskia jugensis Vjushkov and Chudinov 1956 [nomen dubium]
Unr. †Procolophonomorpha Romer 1964
+
Unr. †Procolophonia Seeley 1888
+
Unr. †Hallucicrania Lee 1995
G. †Ruhuhuaria Tsuji et al. 2013
G. †Xenodiphyodon Sues and Olsen 1993
Invalid names: Procolophoniformes Lee 1995 [synonym], Testudinomorpha Laurin and Reisz 1995 [empty]
Invalid names: Procolophonida [empty]
Subcl. †Poeciloglyptica Hay 1930
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Superor. †Elpidosauria Hay 1930
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Or. †Sphenacodontomorphi Hay 1930
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Invalid names: Caseiformes Hay 1930 [empty], Poliosauriformes Hay 1930 [empty], Sphenacodontiformes Hay 1930 [empty]
Invalid names: Astatoglyptica Hay 1930 [empty]
G. †Polemarchus Hitchcock 1845
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†Polemarchus polemarchius Hitchcock 1837
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Invalid names: Polemarchus gigas Hitchcock 1845 [synonym]
Invalid names: Eupalamopus Hay 1902 [synonym], Palamopus Hitchcock 1848 [synonym]
Fm. †Rhynchosauroidae Haubold 1966
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G. †Dromopus Marsh 1894
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†Dromopus agilis Marsh 1894
†Dromopus lacertoides Geinitz 1861
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†Ichnium gampsodactylum minor Pabst 1908
Invalid names: Eumekichnium gampsodactylum Pabst 1900 [synonym]
†Dromopus velox Matthew 1904
†Dromopus woodworthi Lull 1920
Invalid names: Eumekichnium Nopcsa 1923 [synonym]
G. †Palmichnus Schmidt 1959
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†Palmichnus lacertoides Ptaszyński and Niedźwiedzki 2004
†Palmichnus renisus Schmidt 1959
†Palmichnus tambachensis Haubold 1971
G. †Paradoxichnium Müller 1959
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†Paradoxichnium problematicum Müller 1959
†Paradoxichnium tumlinense Ptaszyński and Niedźwiedzki 2004
G. †Phalangichnus Schmidt 1959
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†Phalangichnus alternans Schmidt 1959
†Phalangichnus gagoli Ptaszyński and Niedźwiedzki 2004
†Phalangichnus gradzinskii Ptaszyński and Niedźwiedzki 2004
†Phalangichnus simulans Schmidt 1959
G. †Sillimanius Hitchcock 1845
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†Sillimanius gracilior Hitchcock 1841
†Sillimanius tetradactylus Hitchcock 1836
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Invalid names: Ornithopus gallinaceus Hitchcock 1845 [synonym]
Invalid names: Ornithopus Hitchcock 1845 [synonym]
Unr. Squamata Oppel 1811 [squamates]
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Infraor. Amphisbaenia Gray 1844 [worm lizard]
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Unr. Amphisbaeniformes Longrich et al. 2015
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Unr. Amphisbaenidae Gray 1865 [worm lizard]
Fm. Bipedidae Taylor 1951
Fm. Blanidae Kearney 2003
G. †Todrasaurus Augé and Rage 2006
Unr. Trogonophidae Bonaparte 1838
Invalid names: Cadeidae Vidal and Hedges 2007 [empty]
Fm. †Polyodontobaenidae Folie et al. 2013
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G. †Camptognathosaurus Folie et al. 2013
G. †Polyodontobaena Folie et al. 2013
Unr. Rhineuroidea Kearney 2003
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G. Aulura Barbour 1914 [Barbour's worm lizards]
Fm. Rhineuridae Vanzolini 1951
Invalid names: Amphisbaenoidea Gray 1865 [empty], Annulati [synonym]
Unr. Anguimorpha Fürbringer 1900
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Unr. Anguiformes Bonaparte 1831
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G. †Cnodontosaurus Nydam 2013
Infraor. Platynota Baur 1890
Superfm. Scincoidae Hay 1930
G. †Chometokadmon Costa 1864
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G. †Entomophontes Smith and Gauthier 2013
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†Entomophontes hutchisoni Smith and Gauthier 2013
†Entomophontes incrustatus Smith and Gauthier 2013
Unr. Monstersauria Norell and Gao 1997
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G. †Asprosaurus Park et al. 2015
G. †Chianghsia Mo et al. 2012
G. †Estesia Norell et al. 1992
G. †Eurheloderma Hoffstetter 1957
G. †Gobiderma Borsuk-Bialynicka 1984
G. †Lowesaurus Pregill et al. 1986
G. †Morohasaurus Ikeda et al. 2022
G. †Paraderma Estes 1964
G. †Primaderma Nydam 2000
Fm. †Necrosauridae Hoffstetter 1943
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G. †Labrodioctes Gao and Fox 1996
Subfm. †Necrosaurinae Hoffstetter 1943
G. †Necrosaurus Filhol 1876
G. †Proplatynotia Borsuk-Bialynicka 1984
G. †Provaranosaurus Gilmore 1942
Invalid names: Melanosaurinae Gilmore 1928 [empty], Parasaniwidae Estes 1964 [synonym]
Fm. †Palaeovaranidae Georgalis 2017
+
G. †Eosaniwa Haubold 1977
G. †Palaeovaranus Zittel 1887
G. †Paranecrosaurus Smith and Habersetzer 2021
G. †Restes Gauthier 1982
+
Fm. Xenosauridae Cope 1866
+
G. †Exostinus Cope 1873
+
Invalid names: Harpagosaurus Gilmore 1928 [synonym], Prionosaurus Gilmore 1928 [synonym]
G. †Nordenosaurus Holman 1973
G. †Shestakovia Averianov et al. 2005
Subfm. Xenosaurinae McDowell and Bogert 1954
G. †Xenostius Alifanov 2019
Invalid names: Hodzhakuliidae Alifanov 1993 [empty], Varaniformes Conrad 2008 [empty]
G. †Anomalopsis
G. †Ardeosaurus von Meyer 1860
+
†Ardeosaurus brevipes Meyer 1909
†Ardeosaurus digitatellus Grier 1914
Fm. Dibamidae Boulenger 1884
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G. Anelytropis Cope 1885 [Mexican blind lizards]
+
Anelytropis papillosus Cope 1885 [Mexican blind lizard]
G. Dibamus Dumeril and Bibron 1839 [Blind skinks]
+
Dibamus novaeguinea Dumeril and Bibron 1839 [New Guinea blind skink]
G. †Eichstaettisaurus Kuhn 1958
+
†Eichstaettisaurus gouldi Evans et al. 2004
†Eichstaettisaurus schroederi Broili 1938
Invalid names: Broilisaurus Hoffstetter 1953 [synonym]
Unr. Episquamata Pyron et al. 2013
+
Superfm. Lacertoidea Camp 1923
+
Fm. Lacertidae Bonaparte 1831
Unr. Lacertiformes Estes et al. 1988
G. †Pachygenys Gao and Cheng 1999
G. †Purbicella Evans et al. 2012
G. †Rhynchosauroides Maidwell 1911
+
Invalid names: Akropus Lilienstern 1939 [synonym], Eurichnus Lull 1942 [synonym], Ganasauripus Valentini et al. 2007 [synonym], Rhynchocephalichnus Huene 1941 [synonym]
Unr. Teiioidea Estes et al. 1988
Unr. Toxicofera Vidal and Hedges 2005
+
Infraor. Iguania Cuvier 1817
Invalid names: Mosasauria [empty]
Invalid names: Laterata Vidal and Hedges 2005 [empty]
Subor. Gekkonomorpha
+
Infraor. Gekkota Cuvier 1817
+
Fm. †Ardeosauridae Camp 1923
G. †Dollogekko Čerňanský et al. 2022
Fm. Eublepharidae Boulenger 1883
Fm. Gekkonidae Gray 1825 [gecko]
Superfm. Gekkonoidea
Fm. Gekkoolithidae Hirsch 1996
G. †Hoburogekko Alifanov 1989
Fm. Phyllodactylidae Gamble 2008
Superfm. Pygopodoidea
Invalid names: Bavarisauridae Kuhn 1961 [empty], Nyctisaura Gray [synonym], Pygopodidae Boulenger 1884 [empty], Xantusioidea Camp 1923 [empty]
Unr. †Iguanomorpha Sukhanov 1961
+
Unr. †Chamaeleontiformes Conrad 2008
+
Unr. †Acrodonta Cope 1864
G. †Ctenomastax Gao and Norell 2000
Fm. †Priscagamidae Borsuk-Bialynicka and Moody 1984
Unr. Pleurodonta Cope 1864
+
G. †Bifurcodentodon Čerňanský et al. 2022
G. †Caeruleodentatus Scarpetta 2021
Fm. Corytophanidae Fitzinger 1843 [casque-head lizard]
Fm. Crotaphytidae Frost and Etheridge 1989
Unr. †Gobiguania Conrad and Norell 2007
Fm. †Hoplocercidae Frost and Etheridge 1989
G. †Igua Borsuk-Bialynicka and Alifanov 1991
Fm. Iguanidae Oppel 1811
G. †Kopidosaurus Scarpetta 2020
Fm. †Phrynosomatidae Fitzinger 1843
Fm. Polychrotidae Macey et al. 1997
Fm. Tropiduridae Bell 1843 [ground lizard]
Infraor. Typhlophthalmi Cope 1864
Invalid names: Erichosaurus bombimaxila Ameghino 1899 [nomen dubium], Erichosaurus debilis Ameghino 1899 [nomen dubium], Erichosaurus diminutus Ameghino 1899 [nomen dubium], Thecaglossa Wagler [empty]
G. †Polrussia Borsuk-Bialynicka and Alifanov 1991
+
†Polrussia mongoliensis Borsuk-Bialynicka and Alifanov 1991
Unr. †Temujiniidae Gauthier et al. 2012
+
G. †Saichangurvel Conrad and Norell 2007
G. †Temujinia Gao and Norell 2000
Subor. Lacertilia Owen 1842 [lizard]
+
G. †Costasaurus Estes 1983
+
G. †Dicarlesia Huene 1932
+
†Dicarlesia incognita Huene 1931
Invalid names: Carlesia Huene 1931 [replaced]
G. †Sauromorus Pomel 1953
G. †Tarratosaurus Broschinksi and Sigogneau-Russell 1996
+
†Tarratosaurus anoualensis Broschinksi and Sigogneau-Russell 1996
G. Tupinambis Daudin 1802 [tegu]
+
†Tupinambis brevirostris Rovereto 1914
†Tupinambis multidentatus Rovereto 1914
†Tupinambis prerufescens Rovereto 1914
†Tupinambis preteguixin Rovereto 1914
Tupinambis rufescens Gunther 1871 [Red tegu]
Tupinambis teguixin Linnaeus 1758
Invalid names: Diasemosaurus Ameghino 1898 [synonym], Diasemosaurus occidentalis Ameghino 1893 [nomen dubium], Dibolosodon Ameghino 1898 [synonym], Dibolosodon typicus Ameghino 1893 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Changjiangidae Hou 1976 [empty], Cremastosaurus Cope 1873 [nomen dubium], Cremastosaurus rhambastes Cope 1884 [nomen dubium], Diacium Cope 1873 [nomen dubium], Iguanavus Marsh 1872 [nomen dubium], Natantia Owen 1851 [empty], Ophiosauri Cope 1864 [empty], Rhiptoglossa Wiegmann 1834 [empty]
G. †Lamiasaura Longrich et al. 2013
+
†Lamiasaura ferox Longrich et al. 2013
+
Invalid names: Lamiasaurus ferox Longrich et al. 2012 [replaced]
Invalid names: Lamiasaurus Longrich et al. 2012 [replaced]
Fm. †Mosasauridae Gervais 1852 [mosasaur]
+
G. †Haasiasaurus Polcyn et al. 2003
+
†Haasiasaurus gittelmani Polcyn et al. 1999
Invalid names: Haasia Polcyn et al. 1999 [replaced]
Unr. †Halisaurinae Bardet et al. 2005
+
Unr. †Halisaurini Longrich et al. 2021
Unr. †Pluridensini Longrich et al. 2021
Subfm. †Mosasaurinae Gervais 1853
+
G. †Dallasaurus Bell and Polcyn 2005
Tr. †Globidensini Russell 1967
G. †Gnathomortis Lively 2020
G. †Igdamanosaurus Lingham-Soliar 1991
G. †Jormungandr Zietlow et al. 2023
G. †Kourisodon Nicholls and Meckert 2002
G. †Leiodon Owen 1842
G. †Megapterygius Konishi et al. 2023
G. †Moanasaurus Wiffen 1980
Tr. †Mosasaurini Russell 1967
G. †Mosasaurus Parkinson 1822
+
Invalid names: Amphekepubis Mehl 1930 [synonym], Baseodon Leidy 1865 [synonym], Batrachiosaurus Harlan 1839 [synonym], Batrachotherium Harlan 1839 [synonym], Drepanodon Leidy 1861 [synonym], Lesticodus Leidy 1861 [synonym], Macrosaurus Owen 1849 [synonym], Nectoportheus Cope 1868 [synonym], Pterycollosaurus Dollo 1882 [synonym]
G. †Plesiotylosaurus Camp 1942
G. †Polygonodon Leidy 1856
Unr. †Prognathodontini Russell 1967
G. †Rikisaurus Wiffen 1990
G. †Stelladens Longrich et al. 2023
G. †Xenodens Longrich et al. 2021
Invalid names: Globindensini Bell 1997 [empty], Leiodontini Lingham-Soliar 1995 [empty], Plotosaurini Russell 1967 [empty]
G. †Prognathosaurus Dollo 1889
Unr. †Russellosaurina Bell 1997
+
G. †Angolasaurus Antunes 1964
Subfm. †Plioplatecarpinae Dollo 1884
Invalid names: Platecarpus ptychodus Arambourg 1952 [nomen dubium]
Subfm. †Tylosaurinae Wiliston 1895
+
G. †Hainosaurus Dollo 1885
G. †Kaikaifilu Otero et al. 2017
G. †Tylosaurus Marsh 1872
+
Invalid names: Rhamphosaurus Cope 1872 [replaced], Rhinosaurus Marsh 1872 [replaced]
Invalid names: Hainosaurus lonzeensis Dollo 1904 [nomen dubium]
Subfm. †Yaguarasaurinae Palci et al. 2013
+
G. †Romeosaurus Palci et al. 2013
G. †Russellosaurus Polcyn and Bell 2005
Invalid names: Amphorosteus Gibbes 1851 [nomen vanum], Amphorosteus brumbyi Gibbes 1851 [nomen vanum], Clidastes iguanavus Cope 1868 [nomen dubium], Clidastidae Cope 1869 [synonym], Edestosauridae Marsh 1876 [synonym], Globidensidae Dollo 1924 [synonym], Globidentinae [empty], Halisauromorpha Bell and Polcyn 2005 [empty], Liodon congrops Cope 1870 [nomen vanum], Mosasaurus crassidens Marsh 1870 [nomen dubium], Mosasaurus mitchillii DeKay 1830 [nomen vanum], Mosasaurus platyodon Sauvage 1873 [nomen dubium], Platecarpinae Williston 1897 [empty], Tylosaurus capensis Broom 1912 [nomen dubium]
Superfm. †Mosasauroidea
+
Fm. †Aigialosauridae Kramberger 1892
+
G. †Aigialosaurus Kramberger 1892
G. †Carentonosaurus Rage and Néraudeau 2004
G. †Carsosaurus Kornhuber 1893
G. †Eidolosaurus Nopcsa 1923
G. †Mesoleptos Cornalia and Chiozza 1852
G. †Opetiosaurus Kornhuber 1902
G. †Proaigialosaurus Kuhn 1958
Invalid names: Aigialosaurus novaki Kramberger 1892 [nomen dubium]
G. †Portunatasaurus Campbell Mekarski et al. 2019
+
†Portunatasaurus krambergeri Campbell Mekarski et al. 2019
Subfm. †Tethysaurinae Makádi et al. 2012
+
G. †Pannoniasaurus Makádi et al. 2012
G. †Tethysaurus Bardet et al. 2003
Invalid names: Globidens timorensis Huene 1935 [nomen vanum], Ophidiomorpha Palci and Caldwell 2007 [synonym]
Subor. Ophidia Latreille 1804 [snake]
+
Unr. Serpentes Linnaeus 1758 [snake]
+
Infraor. Alethinophidia Nopcsa 1923
G. †Cheilophis Gilmore 1938
Infraor. †Cholophidia Nopcsa 1923
Fm. Colubridae Oppel 1811 [colubrid snake]
G. †Diablophis Caldwell et al. 2015
G. †Dinilysia Woodward 1901
Fm. Dipsadidae Bonaparte 1838
G. †Eophis Caldwell et al. 2015
G. †Goinophis Holman 1976
G. Hoplocephalus Wagler 1830
G. †Lunaophis Albino et al. 2016
Fm. †Madtsoiidae Hoffstetter 1961
Fm. Natricidae Bonaparte 1838
G. Ophidium Linnaeus 1758
Fm. †Palaeophiidae Lydekker 1888
G. †Portugalophis Caldwell et al. 2015 [snake]
G. Pseudonaja Günther 1858
Superfm. †Pythonoidea Fitzinger 1826
Infraor. Scolecophidia Duméril and Bibron 1844
G. †Tomodon Duméril 1853
G. †Xiaophis Xing et al. 2018
Invalid names: Botrophis de Rochebrune 1880 [nomen dubium], Coluber steinheimensis Fraas 1870 [nomen dubium], Coniophis Marsh 1892 [nomen dubium], Coniophis cosgriffi Armstrong-Ziegler 1978 [nomen dubium], Coniophis dabiebus Rage and Werner 1999 [nomen dubium], Coniophis precedens Marsh 1892 [nomen dubium], Dinilysiidae Romer 1956 [empty], Hoffstetterella Rage 1998 [nomen dubium], Hoffstetterella brasiliensis Rage 1998 [nomen dubium], Ophidion Pomel 1853 [nomen dubium], Ophidioniscus Pomel 1853 [nomen dubium], Ophidium Burmeister 1885 [nomen dubium]
Superfm. Solenoglypha
+
Invalid names: Atractaspididae Günther 1858 [empty], Causidae Cope 1859 [empty]
Invalid names: Angiostomata Stannius 1856 [empty], Colubriformia [empty], Coniophidae Hoffstetter 1955 [empty], Psammophidae [empty], Tortricina Müller [empty]
Unr. †Pangekkota Bauer 2020
+
Unr. †Panxenosaurus Smith and Gauthier 2013
+
Unr. †Pythonomorpha Cope 1869
+
Unr. †Dolichosauridae Gervais 1852
+
G. †Acteosaurus von Meyer 1860
G. †Adriosaurus Seeley 1881
G. †Aphanizocnemus Dal Sasso and Pinna 1997
G. †Coniasaurus Owen 1850
G. †Dolichosaurus Owen 1850
G. †Pontosaurus Kramberger 1892
G. †Primitivus Paparella et al. 2018
G. †Tetrapodophis Martill et al. 2015
Invalid names: Dolichosauri Boulenger 1893 [empty]
G. †Schillerosaurus Nydam et al. 2013
+
†Schillerosaurus utahensis Nydam et al. 2013
+
Invalid names: Schilleria utahensis Evans and Chure 1999 [replaced]
Invalid names: Schilleria Evans and Chure 1999 [replaced]
Unr. Scincogekkonomorpha Sukhanov 1961
+
Superfm. †Scincoidea Oppel 1811
+
G. †Carusia Borsuk-Bialynicka 1987
+
†Carusia intermedia Borsuk-Bialynicka 1985
Invalid names: Carolina Borsuk-Bialynicka 1985 [replaced]
Fm. Cordylidae Gray 1837 [spinytail lizard]
+
G. †Bavaricordylus Kosma 2004
Subfm. Cordylinae Mertens 1937
G. †Eocordyla Augé 2005
G. †Konkasaurus Krause et al. 2003
G. †Palaeocordylus Roček 1984
Subfm. Platysaurinae Stanley et al. 2011
G. †Pseudolacerta De Stefano 1903
Invalid names: Zonuridae Gray 1838 [synonym]
G. †Dakotaseps Nydam 2014
+
†Dakotaseps gillettorum Nydam 2013
Invalid names: Dakotasaurus Nydam 2013 [replaced]
Fm. Gerrhosauridae Boulenger 1885 [plated lizard]
+
G. Gerrhosaurus Wiegmann 1828
G. Zonosaurus Boulenger 1887 [zonosaur]
Fm. †Paramacellodidae Estes 1983
+
G. †Atokasaurus Nydam and Cifelli 2002
G. †Becklesius Estes 1983
G. †Hypostylos Wick and Shiller, II 2020
G. †Ilekia Averianov et al. 2005
G. †Mimobecklesisaurus Li 1985
G. †Naimanosaurus Alifanov 2019
G. †Neokotus Souza Bittencourt et al. 2020
G. †Paramacellodus Hoffstetter 1967
G. †Saurillodon Estes 1983
G. †Saurillus Owen 1855
G. †Sciroseps Suarez et al. 2021
G. †Sharovisaurus Hecht and Hecht 1984
Fm. Scincidae Gray 1825 [skink]
+
G. Acontias Cuvier 1817 [Lance skinks]
G. †Aethesia Hutchinson and Scanlon 2009
G. †Aocnodromeus Gao and Fox 1996
G. †Axonoscincus Augé 2003
G. †Ayalasaurus Augé 2005
G. †Berruva Augé 2005
G. Corucia Gray 1855 [Solomon Island skinks]
G. Eugongylus Fitzinger 1843
G. †Gekkomimus Bolet et al. 2015
G. Lygosoma Hardwicke and Gray 1828 [writhing skink]
Subfm. Lygosominae Mittleman 1952
G. Oligosoma Girard
G. Ophiomorus Duméril and Bibron 1839
G. †Orthoscincus Augé 2005
G. †Orthrioscincus Gao and Fox 1996
G. Parotosaurus Boulenger 1914
G. †Penemabuya Gao and Fox 1996
G. Plestiodon Dumeril and Bibron 1839 [skink]
G. †Sauriscus Estes 1964
Subfm. Scincinae Gray 1825
G. Sphenomorphus Fitzinger 1842 [common skink]
G. Tiliqua Gray 1825
G. Trachylepis Fitzinger 1843
G. Verticaria Cope
Invalid names: Egerniinae Welch 1982 [empty], Feylininae Camp 1923 [empty]
G. †Scincoideus Folie et al. 2005
+
†Scincoideus grassator Smith and Gauthier 2013
†Scincoideus haininensis Folie et al. 2005
Fm. Xantusiidae Baird 1858 [night lizard]
+
G. †Catactegenys Nydam et al. 2013
G. Cricosaura Gundlach and Peters 1863 [Cuban night lizards]
G. Klauberina Cope 1883 [Island night lizards]
G. Lepidophyma Duméril 1851 [tropical night lizard]
+
Invalid names: Gaigeia Smith 1939 [synonym], Impensodens Langebartel 1953 [synonym]
G. †Palaeoxantusia Hecht 1956
G. †Palepidophyma Smith and Gauthier 2013
G. †Paracontogenys Schatzinger 1975
G. Xantusia Baird 1859 [night lizard]
Unr. Scincomorpha Camp 1923
+
G. †Becklesisaurus Hoffstetter 1967
G. †Bothriagenys Nydam 2002
+
†Bothriagenys flectomendax Wick and Shiller, II 2020
†Bothriagenys mysterion Nydam 2002
Fm. †Carusiidae Borsuk-Bialynicka 1987
+
G. †Shinisauroides Borsuk-Bialynicka 1985
Invalid names: Carolinidae Borsuk-Bialynicka 1985 [replaced]
Fm. †Contogeniidae Nydam and Fitzpatrick 2009
+
G. †Palaeoscincosaurus Sullivan and Lucas 1996
G. †Utahgenys Nydam and Fitzpatrick 2009
Unr. †Polyglyphanodontia Alifanov 2000
+
Unr. †Borioteiioidea Nydam et al. 2007
G. †Obamadon Longrich et al. 2012
Invalid names: Leptoglossa [synonym]
Unr. †Scleroglossa Estes et al. 1988
+
Fm. †Trachelosauridae Broili 1917
+
G. †Vialorophis
G. †Yabeinosaurus Endo and Shikama 1942
+
†Yabeinosaurus bicuspidens Dong et al. 2017
†Yabeinosaurus robustus Dong et al. 2017
Invalid names: Yabeinosaurus tenuis Endo and Shikama 1942 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Ameivoidea Fitzinger 1826 [empty], Araeoscelomorphi Hay 1930 [empty], Draconoidea Fitzinger 1826 [empty], Haplodontosaurus Gilmore 1942 [nomen dubium], Harpagosaurus excedens Gilmore 1928 [nomen dubium], Iguana haueri Meyer 1842 [nomen dubium], Lacertibaenia Vidal and Hedges [empty], Paikasisaurus Yadagiri 1986 [nomen dubium], Palaeophidae [empty], Panscincoidea Brownstein et al. 2022 [empty], Panxantusiidae Gauthier et al. 2012 [empty], Thalattosauromorphi Hay 1930 [empty], Xestops gracilis Marsh 1872 [nomen dubium], Yabeinosaurus youngi Hoffstetter 1964 [nomen dubium], Zanclodontidae Marsh 1882 [empty]
G. †Steropoides Hitchcock 1845
+
†Steropoides divaricatus Hitchcock 1837
+
Invalid names: Ornithopus loripes Hitchcock 1848 [synonym], Tridentipes insignis Hitchcock 1858 [synonym]
†Steropoides ingens Hitchcock 1836
+
Invalid names: Ornithoidichnites danae Hitchcock 1844 [synonym], Sillimanius adamsanus Hitchcock 1845 [synonym]
†Steropoides uncus Hitchcock 1858
Invalid names: Steropezoum Hitchcock 1848 [synonym], Tridentipes Hitchcock 1858 [synonym]
Unr. Testudinata Oppel 1811 [turtle]
+
G. †Ancyropus Hitchcock 1845
+
†Ancyropus heteroclitus Hitchcock 1841
+
Invalid names: Sauroidichnites jacksoni Hitchcock 1841 [synonym]
Fm. †Australochelyidae Gaffney and Kitching 1994
+
G. †Chengyuchelys Young and Chow 1953
+
†Chengyuchelys baenoides Young and Chow 1953
†Chengyuchelys latimarginalis Young and Chow 1953
†Chengyuchelys zigongensis Yeh 1982
G. †Emydhipus Fuentes Vidarte et al. 2003
G. †Helcura Hitchcock 1848
+
†Helcura anguinea Hitchcock 1858
†Helcura caudata Hitchcock 1858
†Helcura littoralis Hitchcock 1848
†Helcura surgens Hitchcock 1858
Unr. †Helochelydridae Nopcsa 1928
+
G. †Helochelydra Nopcsa 1928
+
†Helochelydra anglica Lydekker 1889
†Helochelydra bakewelli Mantell 1833
†Helochelydra nopcsai Lapparent de Broin and Murelaga 1999
G. †Tretosternon Owen 1842
Invalid names: Solemydidae Lapparent de Broin and Murelaga 1996 [objective synonym]
G. †Kallokibotion Nopcsa 1923
+
†Kallokibotion bajazidi Nopcsa 1923
+
Invalid names: Kallokibotion magnificum Nopcsa 1923 [synonym], Thalassodromeus sebesensis Grellet-Tinner and Codrea 2015 [synonym]
Unr. †Mesochelydia Joyce 2017
+
Unr. †Paracryptodira Gaffney 1975
+
Fm. †Baenidae Cope 1882
+
Subfm. †Baeninae Cope 1882
Unr. †Baenodda Gaffney 1972
G. †Edowa Adrian et al. 2023
G. †Eubaena Hay 1908
G. †Gehennachelys Adrian et al. 2023
G. †Hayemys Gaffney 1972
G. †Lakotemys Joyce et al. 2020
G. †Peckemys Lyson and Joyce 2009
G. †Probaena Hay 1903
G. †Protobaena Joyce and Lyson 2015
G. †Stygiochelys Gaffney and Hiatt 1971
G. †Thescelus Hay 1908
G. †Trinitichelys Gaffney 1972
Invalid names: Baena platyplastra Gilmore 1915 [nomen dubium], Hayemydinae Gaffney 1972 [empty], Thescelus hemispherica Gilmore 1935 [nomen dubium], Trinitichelyinae Gaffney 1972 [empty]
Fm. †Compsemydidae Pérez-García et al. 2015
+
G. †Berruchelus Pérez-García 2012
G. †Peltochelys Dollo 1884
G. †Tongemys Joyce et al. 2022
G. †Compsemys Leidy 1856
+
†Compsemys victa Leidy 1856
+
Invalid names: Compsemys parva Hay 1910 [synonym], Compsemys puercensis Gilmore 1919 [synonym], Compsemys torrejonensis Gilmore 1919 [synonym], Compsemys vafer Hay 1910 [synonym]
Invalid names: Emys obscurus Leidy 1856 [nomen dubium], Glyptops depressus Hay 1908 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Pleurosternidae Cope 1868
+
G. †Ballerstedtia Karl et al. 2012
G. †Desmemys Wegner 1911
G. †Dinochelys Gaffney 1979
G. †Dorsetochelys Evans and Kemp 1976
G. †Glyptops Marsh 1890
G. †Pleurosternon Owen 1853
+
Invalid names: Digerrhum Cope 1870 [synonym], Mesochelys Evans and Kemp 1975 [synonym]
G. †Riodevemys Pérez-García et al. 2015
G. †Selenemys Pérez-García and Ortega 2011
G. †Toremys Pérez-García et al. 2015
G. †Uluops Carpenter and Bakker 1990
Invalid names: Desmemydinae Nopcsa 1928 [empty]
Invalid names: Desmemys bertelmanni Wegner 1911 [nomen dubium], Glyptops caelatus Hay 1908 [nomen dubium], Glyptops pervicax Hay 1908 [nomen dubium], Polythorax Cope 1876 [nomen dubium], Polythorax missuriensis Cope 1876 [nomen dubium], Probaena sculpta Hay 1903 [nomen dubium]
Unr. †Perichelydia Joyce 2017
+
Unr. †Meiolaniformes Sterli and de la Fuente 2013
+
G. †Chubutemys Gaffney et al. 2007
G. †Otwayemys Gaffney et al. 1998
G. †Patagoniaemys Sterli and de la Fuente 2011
G. †Peligrochelys Sterli and de la Fuente 2013
G. †Trapalcochelys Sterli et al. 2013
Unr. †Sichuanchelyidae Tong et al. 2012
+
G. †Laurasichersis Pérez-García 2020
G. †Mongolochelys Khosatzky 1997
G. †Sichuanchelys Ye and Pi 1997
G. †Platycheloides Haughton 1928
G. †Proganochelys Baur 1887
+
†Proganochelys quenstedtii Baur 1887
+
Invalid names: Psammochelys keuperina Quenstedt 1889 [objective synonym], Stegochelys dux Jaekel 1914 [synonym]
†Proganochelys tenertesta Joyce et al. 2009
Invalid names: Psammochelys Quenstedt 1889 [synonym]
Fm. †Proterochersidae Nopcsa 1928
+
G. †Chinlechelys Joyce et al. 2009
G. †Keuperotesta Szczygielski and Sulej 2016
G. †Proterochersis Fraas 1913
+
†Proterochersis limendorsa Szczygielski and Sulej 2016
†Proterochersis porebensis Szczygielski and Sulej 2016
†Proterochersis robusta Fraas 1913
+
Invalid names: Chelytherium obscurum Meyer 1863 [synonym], Chelytherium obscurum Meyer 1863 [synonym], Murrhardtia staeschei Karl and Tichy 2000 [synonym], Murrhardtia staeschei Karl and Tichy 2000 [synonym], Proterochersis intermedia Fraas 1913 [synonym], Proterochersis intermedia Fraas 1913 [synonym]
†Proterochersis robusta Fraas 1913
+
Invalid names: Chelytherium obscurum Meyer 1863 [synonym], Chelytherium obscurum Meyer 1863 [synonym], Murrhardtia staeschei Karl and Tichy 2000 [synonym], Murrhardtia staeschei Karl and Tichy 2000 [synonym], Proterochersis intermedia Fraas 1913 [synonym], Proterochersis intermedia Fraas 1913 [synonym]
Invalid names: Chelytherium Meyer 1863 [synonym], Murrhardtia Karl and Tichy 2000 [synonym]
Or. Testudines Batsch 1788 [turtle]
+
Subor. †Amphichelydia Lydekker 1889
+
Superfm. †Pleurosternoidea Hay 1930
Superfm. †Proganochelyoidea Baur 1887
G. †Asturichelys Bergounioux 1957
G. †Chelonipus von Lilienstern 1939
+
†Chelonipus cuneiformis von Lilienstern 1939
†Chelonipus plieningeri Haubold 1971
†Chelonipus torquatus von Lilienstern 1939
Subor. Cryptodira Cope 1868
+
Fm. †Bashuchelyidae Tong et al. 2012
Superfm. Chelonioidea Baur 1893 [sea turtle]
Fm. Chelydridae Swainson 1839
Unr. Chelydroidea Baur 1893
Superfm. †Dermochelyoidea
Unr. Durocryptodira Danilov and Parham 2008
Unr. Eucryptodira Gaffney 1975
G. †Galvechelone Pérez-García and Murelaga 2012
Fm. Kinosternoidea Hay 1892 [mud turtle]
Fm. †Nanhsiungchelyidae Yeh 1966
Unr. Panchelonioidea Joyce et al. 2004
Unr. †Pantestudinoidea Joyce et al. 2004
G. †Polysternum Bergounioux 1935
Unr. †Selmacryptodira Gaffney et al.
Subor. Trionychia
Fm. Trionychidae Gray 1825 [softshell turtle]
Superfm. Trionychoidea Fitzinger 1826
Invalid names: Adocusia Danilov and Parham 2006 [empty], Carettochelyoidea Romer 1956 [empty], Charitonyx tajanikolaevae Chkhikvadze 1980 [nomen dubium], Chersidae Zittel 1890 [empty], Cryptoderinea Vaillant 1894 [empty], Dermatochelydidae [empty], Glyptopidae [empty], Glyptopsidae Marsh 1890 [empty], Indochelyidae Datta et al. 2000 [empty], Kallokibotioninae Nopsca 1923 [empty], Kayentachelyidae Gaffney et al. 1987 [empty], Kinosternia Gaffney and Meylan 1988 [empty], Kinosternoidae Holroyd and Hutchison 2002 [empty], Meiolaniidae Lydekker 1887 [empty], Pantrionychia Joyce et al. 2004 [empty], Platysternoidea Baur 1893 [empty], Tritosternidae Lydekker 1889 [empty]
Unr. Pancryptodira Joyce et al. 2004
+
Unr. †Macrobaenidae Sukhanov 1964
G. †Owadowia Szczygielski et al. 2017
Unr. †Panpleurodira Danilov and Parham 2008
+
G. †Caribemys Fuente and Iturralde-Vinet 2001
Unr. †Dortokidae Lapparent de Broin and Murelaga 1996
G. Pelomedusa Wagler 1830 [African helmeted turtle]
Unr. †Platychelyidae
Subor. Pleurodira Cope 1865 [sideneck turtle]
+
Unr. †Bothremydidae Baur 1891
Fm. Chelidae Gray 1825
+
Invalid names: Chelydidae Gray 1869 [synonym], Hydraspididae Cope 1868 [synonym]
Unr. Eupleurodira Gaffney and Meylan 1988
Unr. †Panchelidae Joyce et al. 2004
Unr. †Pelomedusoides Broin 1988
Fm. Podocnemididae Cope 1868
Invalid names: Amphichelydidae Hay [empty], Megapleurodira Gaffney et al. 2006 [empty], Minipleurodira Gaffney et al. 2006 [empty], Notoemydidae Fernandez and de la Fuente 1994 [empty], Panpelomedusoides Joyce et al. 2004 [empty], Platychelira Gaffney et al. 2006 [empty]
Subor. †Proganochelydia
+
Invalid names: Apertotemporalis Stromer 1934 [nomen dubium], Apholidemys Pomel 1847 [nomen dubium], Casichelydia Gaffney 1975 [empty], Chelone obovata Owen 1842 [nomen dubium], Chelone sopita Leidy 1865 [nomen vanum], Chelonia Latreille 1800 [synonym], Chelonii Latreille 1800 [synonym], Cryptrodiramorpha Lee 1995 [empty], Euclastochelys Bergounioux 1955 [nomen dubium], Euclastochelys interrupta Bergounioux 1955 [nomen dubium], Meiolania damelipi White et al. 2010 [nomen dubium], Platychelone Dollo 1909 [nomen nudum], Platychelone emarginata Dollo 1909 [nomen nudum], Plesiochelydiae [empty], Podocnemis lata Ristori 1895 [invalid subgroup], Senonemys suemegensis Bohn 1966 [nomen dubium], Sokotochelys Halstead 1979 [nomen dubium], Temnoclemmys cordiformis Bergounioux 1958 [nomen vanum], Trionyx fuchienensis Yeh 1974 [nomen dubium], Trionyx tshelkarensis Chkhikvadze 1973 [nomen nudum]
G. †Testudinites Weiss 1830
Fm. Testudofiexoolithidae Hirsch 1996
+
Fm. Testudoolithidae Hirsch 1996
+
Unr. †Thalassochelydia Anquetin et al. 2017
+
Fm. †Eurysternidae Dollo 1886
+
G. †Chelonides Maack 1869
G. †Hydropelta Meyer 1850
G. †Idiochelys Meyer 1839
G. †Palaeomedusa Meyer 1860
G. †Parachelys Meyer 1864
Invalid names: Plesiochelys minima Oertel 1915 [nomen dubium]
G. †Eurysternum Meyer 1839
+
†Eurysternum neuquinum Fernandez and de la Fuente 1988
†Eurysternum wagleri Meyer 1839
G. †Hylaeochelys Lydekker 1889
+
†Hylaeochelys belli Mantell 1844
+
Invalid names: Archaeochelys valdensis Lydekker 1889 [synonym], Hylaeochelys sollasi Nopcsa 1928 [synonym], Platemys dixoni Owen 1853 [synonym], Platemys mantelli Owen 1841 [synonym]
†Hylaeochelys kappa Pérez-García and Ortega 2014
Invalid names: Archaeochelys Lydekker 1889 [synonym]
G. †Jurassichelon Pérez-García 2015
+
†Jurassichelon moseri Bräm 1965
†Jurassichelon oleronensis Pérez-García 2015
G. †Neusticemys Fernandez and de la Fuente 1993
+
†Neusticemys neuquina Fernandez and de la Fuente 1988
Fm. †Plesiochelyidae Rütimeyer 1873
+
G. †Craspedochelys Rütimeyer 1873
G. †Globochelus de Lapparent de Broin et al. 2021
G. †Portlandemys Gaffney 1975
G. †Tholemys Andrews 1921
G. †Yanduchelys Peng et al. 2005
Invalid names: Emys dutertrei Sauvage 1872 [nomen dubium], Hispaniachelys Slater et al. 2011 [nomen dubium], Hispaniachelys prebetica Slater et al. 2011 [nomen dubium], Stylemys lindenensis Maack 1869 [nomen dubium]
G. †Solnhofia Gaffney 1975
+
†Solnhofia brachyrhyncha Anquetin and Püntener 2020
†Solnhofia parsonsi Gaffney 1975
G. †Thalassemys Rütimeyer 1859
+
†Thalassemys bruntrutana Puntener et al. 2015
†Thalassemys carva Nessov 1984
†Thalassemys hugii Rütimeyer 1873
+
Invalid names: Eurysternum ignoratum Bräm 1965 [synonym], Thalassemys gresslyi Rütimeyer 1873 [synonym]
Invalid names: Parathalassemys Nessov and Krassevskaya 1984 [synonym]
G. †Tropidemys Rütimeyer 1873
+
†Pelobatochelys blakii Seeley 1875
†Tropidemys langii Rütimeyer 1873
+
Invalid names: Craspedochelys plana Rütimeyer 1873 [synonym], Tropidemys expansa Rütimeyer 1873 [synonym], Tropidemys gibba Rütimeyer 1873 [synonym]
†Tropidemys seebachi Portis 1878
Invalid names: Chelonia valanginiensis Pictet and Campiche 1862 [nomen dubium], Chelonides robusta Portis 1878 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Acichelys approximata Wagner 1856 [nomen dubium], Euryaspis radians Wagner 1861 [nomen dubium], Plesiochelys oblonga Oertel 1924 [nomen dubium], Plesiochelys pumilio Oertel 1924 [nomen dubium], Thalassemys heusseri Oertel 1924 [nomen dubium], Tropidemys morinica Sauvage 1880 [nomen dubium]
Subor. Thecophora Dollo
+
Invalid names: Chelonioidae Hay 1930 [empty], Chelydoidae Hay 1930 [empty], Emydoidae Hay 1930 [empty], Pleurosternoidae Hay 1930 [empty], Thalassemydoidae Hay 1930 [empty], Trionychoidae Hay 1930 [empty]
Invalid names: Aplax oberndorferi Meyer 1843 [nomen dubium], Athecae Cope 1871 [empty], Chelonipedidae Sarjeant and Langston 1994 [empty], Chelycarapookus Warren 1969 [nomen dubium], Chelycarapookus arcuatus Warren 1969 [nomen dubium], Chelys blakii Mackie 1863 [nomen dubium], Chengyuchelyidae Yeh 1990 [empty], Emys neumayri Seeley 1881 [nomen dubium], Emys paranensis Burmeister 1885 [nomen nudum], Heckerochelyidae Sukhanov 2006 [empty], Megasternon Gray 1842 [nomen nudum], Mongolochelyidae Sukhanov and Pozdnjakov [empty], Odontochelyidae Li et al. 2008 [empty], Platemys sehuensis Ameghino 1889 [nomen dubium], Protochelys Lydekker 1889 [nomen dubium], Testudo elata Gervais 1877 [nomen dubium], Testudo stricklandi Phillips 1871 [nomen dubium], Tretosternon punctatum Owen 1842 [nomen dubium], Trionyx mammillaris Cope 1877 [nomen nudum]
Subcl. †Theromorpha Cope 1878
+
Subor. †Dromasauria Broom 1907
+
Invalid names: Galechiridae King 1988 [empty], Macroscelesauridae Haughton 1924 [empty]
Unr. Eotherapsida Ivakhnenko 2003
+
Superor. †Dinomorpha Ivakhnenko 2003
+
Invalid names: Gorgodontia Ivakhnenko 2003 [empty], Nikkasauria Ivakhnenko 2008 [empty]
Subor. †Styracocephalia Haughton 1929
+
Invalid names: Poliosauria Williston 1917 [empty], Protodonta Osborn 1888 [empty]
Invalid names: Atremata Hay 1930 [empty], Chelydosauria Cope 1898 [empty], Dipnoa Fitzinger 1826 [empty], Dravidosaurus Yadagiri and Ayyasami 1979 [nomen dubium], Dravidosaurus blanfordi Yadagiri and Ayyasami 1979 [nomen dubium], Enaliosauria Parkinson 1822 [empty], Holosauria Jaekel 1911 [empty], Hyperosauria Jaekel 1910 [empty], Ichthyosaurus inexpectatus Rusconi 1948 [nomen dubium], Lyognatha Jaekel 1910 [empty], Macelognatha Marsh 1884 [empty], Monotreta Hay 1930 [empty], Ornithocephala Bunzel 1870 [empty], Pessopteryx arctica Wiman 1910 [nomen dubium], Pessopteryx pinguis Wiman 1910 [nomen dubium], Placodontomorpha [empty], Plesiosaurus doedicomus Owen 1840 [nomen dubium], Proganosauromorpha Kuhn 1968 [empty], Proreptilia Haeckel 1876 [empty], Prosauria Gadow 1898 [empty], Protorosauria Jaekel 1910 [empty], Puercosaurus Williston 1916 [invalid subgroup], Puercosaurus obtusidens Williston 1916 [nomen dubium], Rhamphosauria Haeckel 1866 [empty], Saurichthys indicus de Koninck 1863 [nomen dubium], Saurophidia Gray [empty], Seps Laurenti 1768 [nomen oblitum], Svalbardosaurus Mazin 1981 [nomen dubium], Svalbardosaurus crassidens Mazin 1981 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, subp = subphylum, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Witton 2008, Peczkis 1995, Holman 2000, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Ludlow to the top of the Greenlandian or 426.70000 to 0.00820 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 422.7 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 422.7 Ma
Collections (24383 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ludlow | United Kingdom (Wales) | Keilorites sp. (74805) | |
| Pennsylvanian | USA (Massachusetts) | Dromopus woodworthi (34780) | |
| Westphalian A | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Hylonomus latidens, Hylonomus lyelli, Hylerpeton curtidentatum, Hylonomus wymani (28069) Hylonomus lyelli (86946) | |
| Westphalian C - Westphalian D | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Paleothyris acadiana (80111) | |
| Westphalian D | USA (Illinois) | Cephalerpeton ventriarmatum (79598) | |
| Westphalian D | USA (Ohio) | Sauropleura longipes, Carbonodraco lundi (85292) | |
| Westphalian D | Czechia (Pilsen) | Coelostegus prothales, Hylonomus acuminatus, Brouffia orientalis (84835) | |
| Kasimovian - Kungurian | USA (Utah) | Halgaitosaurus gregarius (218159) | |
| Missourian | USA (Kansas) | Petrolacosaurus kansensis, Podargosaurus hibbardi (80784) | |
| Missourian | USA (Illinois) | Reptilia indet. (80714) | |
| Gzhelian | Canada (Prince Edward Island) | Erpetonyx arsenaultorum (171344) | |
| Virgilian | USA (Kansas) | Concordia cunninghami, Spinoaequalis schultzei (68427) Reptilia indet. (215555) | |
| Gzhelian - Asselian | France (Burgundy) | Belebey augustodunensis (164623) | |
| Virgilian - Wolfcampian | USA (New Mexico) | Rhiodenticulatus heatoni (77412) | |
| Asselian | France (Languedoc-Roussillon) | Aphelosaurus lutevensis (171350) | |
| Asselian | USA (West Virginia) | Melanothyris morani (85178) | |
| Asselian | USA (Texas) | Romeria primus, Protorothyris archeri (79163) | |
| Asselian - Sakmarian | USA (Texas) | Bolosaurus striatus (11165) | |
| Wolfcampian | USA (New Mexico) | Bolosaurus sp. (180382) Captorhinidae indet. (181075) Captorhinidae sp. (85433 85434 85435 85436 85437) Captorhinus aguti (85339) Puercosaurus obtusidens (85337) Rhiodenticulatus heatoni (80833) Zarcasaurus tanyderus (171346) | |
| Wolfcampian | USA (Texas) | Romeria texana (84715) Romeria texana, Bolosaurus striatus (79162) | |