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Theriiformes
Taxonomy
Theriiformes was named by Rowe (1988) [Name originally coined by Rowe 1986, PhD dissertation.].
It was reranked as the unranked clade Theriiformes by Rowe (1988) and Luo et al. (2011).
It was assigned to Mammalia by Rowe (1988) and Li and Luo (2006); and to Theriamorpha by Luo et al. (2011).
It was reranked as the unranked clade Theriiformes by Rowe (1988) and Luo et al. (2011).
It was assigned to Mammalia by Rowe (1988) and Li and Luo (2006); and to Theriamorpha by Luo et al. (2011).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1988 | Theriiformes Rowe |
2006 | Theriiformes Li and Luo p. 197 |
2011 | Theriiformes Luo et al. p. 444 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. †Theriiformes Rowe 1988
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Fm. †Tinodontidae Marsh 1887
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G. †Tinodon Marsh 1879
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†Tinodon bellus Marsh 1879
†Tinodon micron Ensom and Sigogneau-Russell 2000
Invalid names: Eurylambda Simpson 1929 [synonym], Menacodon Marsh 1887 [synonym]
Unr. Trechnotheria McKenna 1975
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Unr. Cladotheria McKenna 1975
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Fm. †Amphitheriidae Owen 1846
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G. †Amphibetulimus Lopatin and Averianov 2007
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†Amphibetulimus krasnolutskii Lopatin and Averianov 2007
G. †Amphitherium de Blainville 1838
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†Amphitherium rixoni Butler and Clemens 2001
Invalid names: Amphigonus Agassiz 1835 [synonym], Thylacotherium Valenciennes 1838 [synonym]
Superor. †Dryolestoidea Butler 1939
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G. †Barberenia Bonaparte 1990
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†Barberenia allenensis Rougier et al. 2009
†Barberenia araujoae Bonaparte 1990
Or. †Dryolestida Prothero 1981
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Fm. †Casamiquelidae Bonaparte 2002
G. †Crusafontia Henkel and Krebs 1969
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Invalid names: Pocamus Canudo and Cuenca-Bescós 1996 [synonym]
Fm. †Donodontidae Sigogneau-Russell 1991
G. †Paraungulatum Bonaparte 2002
Invalid names: Brandoniidae Bonaparte 1992 [empty]
Fm. †Dryolestidae Marsh 1879
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G. †Amblotherium Owen 1871
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Invalid names: Achyrodon Owen 1871 [synonym], Kurtodon Osborn 1887 [synonym], Laodon Marsh 1887 [synonym], Stylacodon Marsh 1879 [synonym], Stylodon Owen 1866 [replaced]
G. †Anthracolestes Averianov et al. 2014
G. †Beckumia Martin et al. 2022
G. †Comotherium Prothero 1981
G. †Euthlastus Simpson 1927
G. †Groebertherium Bonaparte 1986
G. †Guimarotodus Martin 1999
G. †Henkelotherium Krebs 1991
G. †Herpetairus Simpson 1927
G. †Herpetarius Simpson 1927
G. †Kepolestes Simpson 1927
G. †Krebsotherium Martin 1999
G. †Lakotalestes Cifelli et al. 2014
G. †Laolestes Simpson 1927
G. †Malthacolestes Simpson 1927
G. †Melanodon Simpson 1927
G. †Miccylotyrans Simpson 1927
G. †Minutolestes Martin et al. 2022
G. †Pelicopsis Simpson 1927
G. †Peraspalax Owen 1871
G. †Phascolestes Owen 1871
G. †Portopinheirodon Martin 1999
Or. †Meridiolestida Rougier et al. 2011
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G. †Austrotriconodon Bonaparte 1986
G. †Cronopio Rougier et al. 2011
G. †Leonardus Bonaparte 1990
Unr. †Mesungulatoidea Rougier et al. 2011
G. †Necrolestes Ameghino 1891
Fm. †Paurodontidae Marsh 1887
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G. †Araeodon Simpson 1937
G. †Archaeotrigon Simpson 1927
G. †Dorsetodon Ensom and Sigogneau-Russell 1998
G. †Drescheratherium Krebs 1998
G. †Foxraptor Bakker and Carpenter 1990
G. †Paurodon Marsh 1887
Invalid names: Amphitheriida Prothero 1981 [empty]
Fm. †Vincelestidae Bonaparte 1986
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Unr. Zatheria McKenna 1975
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G. †Arguimus Dashzeveg 1979
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†Arguimus khosbajari Dashzeveg 1979
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Invalid names: Arguitherium cromptoni Dashzeveg 1994 [synonym]
Invalid names: Arguitherium Dashzeveg 1994 [synonym]
G. †Chunnelodon Ensom and Sigogneau-Russell 1998
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†Chunnelodon alopekodes Ensom and Sigogneau-Russell 1998
G. †Nanolestes Martin 2002
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†Nanolestes drescherae Martin 2002
†Nanolestes krusati Martin 2002
†Nanolestes mackennai Martin et al. 2010
Subcl. Tribosphenida McKenna 1975
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G. †Argaliatherium Cifelli and Davis 2015
G. †Brasilestes Castro et al. 2018
G. †Carinalestes Cifelli and Davis 2015
G. †Culicolestes Cifelli et al. 2016
G. †Idiogenomys Ostrander 1983
Fm. †Kermackiidae Butler 1978
G. †Kielantherium Dashzeveg 1975
G. †Potamotelses Fox 1972
Invalid names: Boreosphenida Luo et al. 2001 [objective synonym]
Unr. †Spalacotherioidea Prothero 1981
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Fm. †Spalacotheriidae Marsh 1887
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G. †Akidolestes Li and Luo 2006
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†Akidolestes cifelli Li and Luo 2006
†Akidolestes cifelli Li and Luo 2006
G. †Peralestes Owen 1871
Subfm. †Spalacolestinae Cifelli and Madsen 1999
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G. †Aliaga Cuenca-Bescos et al. 2014
G. †Heishanlestes Hu et al. 2005
G. †Lactodens Han and Meng 2016
G. †Shalbaatar Nessov 1997
G. †Spalacolestes Cifelli and Madsen 1999
G. †Spalacotheridium Cifelli 1990
G. †Spalacotheroides Patterson 1955
G. †Yaverlestes Sweetman 2008
G. †Spalacotherium Owen 1854
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†Spalacotherium evansae Ensom and Sigogneau-Russell 2000
†Spalacotherium henkeli Krebs 1985
†Spalacotherium hookeri Gill 2004
†Spalacotherium taylori Clemens and Lees 1971
†Spalacotherium tricuspis Owen 1854
Fm. †Zhangheotheriidae Rougier et al. 2003
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G. †Maotherium Rougier et al. 2003
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†Maotherium asiaticus Ji et al. 2009
†Maotherium sinensis Rougier et al. 2003
Invalid names: Yangotheria Chow and Rich 1982 [empty], Zhangheotheria Averianov et al. 2013 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: s = species, g = genus, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
References: Luo et al. 2011, Luo et al. 2003, Vizcaíno et al. 2010, Hopson 1973, Hendy et al. 2009, Uhen and Gingerich 1995, Legendre 1988, Carroll 1988, Czaplewski 1997, Johnson and Madden 1997 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Longobardian to the top of the Holocene or 242.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 235.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 235.0 Ma
Collections (22229 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Longobardian | Spain (Alicante) | Theria sp. (202238) | |
Rhaetian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Pantotheria indet. G2 (194663) | |
Bathonian | United Kingdom (Scotland) | Eupantotheria indet. (139746) | |
Bathonian | Morocco (Figuig) | Dryolestida indet., Amphitheriidae indet. (176120) | |
Bathonian | Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) | Amphibetulimus krasnolutskii, Dryolestidae indet. (61891) | |
Early/Lower Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Eupantotheria indet. (31054) | |
Late/Upper Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Amphitheriidae indet. (224639) Amphitheriidae indet., Amphitherium sp., Peramuridae indet., Eupantotheria indet., Palaeoxonodon sp. (57124) Dryolestidae indet., Amphitherium sp., Amphitheria indet., Eupantotheria indet., Palaeoxonodon ooliticus (39075) | |
Middle Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Amphitherium prevostii, Amphitherium rixoni (59357) | |
Late/Upper Bathonian - Early/Lower Kimmeridgian | China (Liaoning) | Juramaia sp. (92421) | |
Callovian | Kyrgyzstan (Jalal-Abad) | Tinodontidae indet., Paurodontidae indet., Amphitheriidae indet. (46545) | |
Oxfordian | China (Liaoning) | Juramaia sinensis (114842) | |
Late/Upper Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian | China (Xinjiang) | Zatheria indet., Nanolestes mackennai (47056) | |
Kimmeridgian | Portugal (Leiria) | Dryolestidae indet., Henkelotherium guimarotae, Krebsotherium lusitanicum, Dryolestes leirensis, Guimarotodus inflatus, Paurodontidae indet., Drescheratherium acutum, Nanolestes drescherae (24563) | |
Kimmeridgian | Turkey | Labes atramentosa (173369) | |
Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian | Romania | Labes atramentosa (201710 201711) | |
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian | USA (Wyoming) | Amblotherium gracilis, Laolestes eminens, Comotherium richi (39431) Dryolestes sp. (13212) Dryolestidae indet., Amblotherium megistodon (49636) Eupantotheria indet. (55333) Tinodon bellus, Tinodon lepidus, Menacodon rarus, Melanodon oweni, Dryolestes vorax, Dryolestes priscus, Laolestes grandis, Asthenodon segnis, Herpetairus humilis, Stylacodon validus, Stylacodon gracilis, Laodon venustus, Dryolestes gracilis, Miccylotyrans minimus, Dryolestes arcuatus, Pelicopsis dubius, Euthlastus cordiformis, Malthacolestes osborni, Laolestes sp., Melanodon goodrichi, Laolestes eminens, Comotherium richi, Paurodon valens, Tanaodon agilis, Archaeotrigon sp., Archaeotrigon brevimaxillus, Enneodon crassus, Enneodon affinis, Dryolestes obtusus (12816) | |
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian | USA (Utah) | Spalacotheriidae indet., Dryolestidae indet., Dryolestes priscus, Amblotherium sp., Amblotherium gracilis, Amblotherium debilis, Herpetairus arcuatus, Euthlastus cordiformis, Araeodon intermissus (53035) | |
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian | Tanzania (Lindi) | Tendagurutherium dietrichi (47146) | |
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian | Bulgaria | Labes atramentosa (215208) | |
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian | Portugal (Centro) | Dryolestidae indet., Zatheria indet. (49304) Tinodon sp., Portopinheirodon asymmetricus, Laolestes andresi, Pantotheria indet. (69708) |