PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Culicoides

Insecta - Diptera - Ceratopogonidae

Taxonomy

Culicoides was named by Latreille (1809). It is extant. It is the type genus of Culicoidini.

It was assigned to Culicoidinae by Statz (1944); to Ceratopogonini by Remm (1976); to Culicidae by Park and Downing (2001); to Ceratopogonidae by Grogan and Szadziewski (1988), Borkent (1995) and Solórzano Kraemer (2007); to Ceratopogoninae by Kieffer (1906) and Pielowska et al. (2018); and to Culicoidini by Szadziewski (1988), Szadziewski (1996), Borkent and Wirth (1997), Sontag and Szadziewski (2011), Borkent (2013), Choufani et al. (2014), Borkent and Dominiak (2020) and Peñalver et al. (2021).

Synonyms

Devalquia was named by Choufani and Nel (2013).

It was synonymized subjectively with Culicoides by Szadziewski et al. (2016) and Borkent and Dominiak (2020).

It was assigned to Ceratopogonidae by Choufani and Nel (2013).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1809	Culicoides Latreille p. 251
1906	Culicoides Kieffer p. 53
1944	Culicoides Statz p. 142
1976	Culicoides Remm p. 347
1988	Culicoides Grogan and Szadziewski
1988	Culicoides Szadziewski p. 29
1995	Culicoides Borkent
1996	Culicoides Szadziewski p. 58
1997	Culicoides Borkent and Wirth p. 59
2001	Culicoides Park and Downing p. 179
2007	Culicoides Solórzano Kraemer p. 57
2011	Culicoides Sontag and Szadziewski p. 783
2013	Culicoides Borkent p. 72
2013	Devalquia Choufani and Nel p. 75
2014	Culicoides Choufani et al. p. 38
2018	Culicoides Pielowska et al. p. 240
2020	Culicoides Borkent and Dominiak p. 102
2021	Culicoides Peñalver et al. p. 427

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825

Rank	Name	Author
class	Insecta
order	Diptera
infraorder	Culicomorpha
superfamily	Chironomoidea	Macquart 1838
family	Ceratopogonidae
subfamily	Ceratopogoninae
tribe	Culicoidini
genus	Culicoides	Latreille 1809

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Culicoides Latreille 1809

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Subg. Culicoides (Groganomyia) Szadziewski and Dominiak 2019

†Culicoides (Groganomyia) bojarskii Szadziewski and Dominiak 2019

†Culicoides (Groganomyia) burmiticus Szadziewski and Dominiak 2019

†Culicoides (Groganomyia) ellenbergeri Szadziewski and Dominiak 2019

†Culicoides (Groganomyia) myanmaricus Szadziewski and Dominiak 2019

Subg. Culicoides (Oecacta) Poey 1853

†Culicoides (Oecacta) dasyheleiformis Szadziewski 1988

†Culicoides (Oecacta) succivarius Szadziewski 1988

†Culicoides abbreviatipennis Statz 1944

†Culicoides agamus Borkent 1995

†Culicoides ambericus Szadziewski and Grogan 1998

†Culicoides annosus Borkent 1995

†Culicoides antilleanus Szadziewski and Grogan 1998

†Culicoides atratus Statz 1944

†Culicoides austerus Statz 1944

†Culicoides balticus Szadziewski 1988

†Culicoides bicolor Statz 1944

†Culicoides bifidus Borkent 1996

†Culicoides brisaci Choufani and Nel 2013

†Culicoides brodzinskyi Szadziewski and Grogan 1998

†Culicoides bullus Borkent 1995

†Culicoides canadensis Boesel 1937

†Culicoides casei Grogan and Szadziewski 1988 [biting midge]

†Culicoides ceranowiczi Szadziewski 1988

†Culicoides dasyheleiformis Szadziewski 1988

†Culicoides doyeni Choufani et al. 2014

†Culicoides elongatulus Statz 1944

†Culicoides eoselficus Szadziewski 1988

†Culicoides filipalpis Remm 1976

†Culicoides gedanensis Szadziewski 1988

†Culicoides gracilior Statz 1944

†Culicoides grandibocus Borkent 1996

†Culicoides hispanicola Szadziewski and Grogan 1998

†Culicoides jucundus Statz 1944

†Culicoides kaluginae Remm 1976

†Culicoides liliputanus Statz 1944

†Culicoides mammalicola Szadziewski and Grogan 1998

†Culicoides megacanthus Palmer 1957

†Culicoides obesus Statz 1944

†Culicoides obscuratus Statz 1944

†Culicoides obuncus Borkent 1995

†Culicoides paleopestis Peñalver et al. 2021

†Culicoides prussicus Szadziewski 1988

†Culicoides speciosus Meunier 1904

†Culicoides sphenostylus Remm 1976

†Culicoides subgedanensis Szadziewski 1993

†Culicoides succineus Remm 1976

†Culicoides succivarius Szadziewski 1988

†Culicoides tenuipennis Statz 1944

†Culicoides truncatus Borkent 2000

†Culicoides tyrrelli Boesel 1937

†Culicoides ventralis Borkent and Wirth 1997

Invalid names: Culicoides abdominalis Statz 1944 [replaced]

†Culicoides yoosti Borkent 2000

Invalid names: Devalquia Choufani and Nel 2013 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

chitinc

Environment:

terrestrialc

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Modified:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Turonian to the top of the Hemingfordian or 93.90000 to 15.97000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.5 Ma

Collections (44 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Myanmar	C. bojarskii, C. myanmaricus (161726) C. burmiticus (187929) C. ellenbergeri (165560)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	USA (New Jersey)	C. casei (110959)
Turonian	93.9 - 89.8	France	C. doyeni (164386)
Turonian	93.9 - 89.8	USA (New Jersey)	C. bifidus (123016) C. casei, C. filipalpis, C. grandibocus, C. truncatus, C. yoosti (110895)
Early/Lower Santonian	85.8 - 83.5	France	Devalquia brisaci (152462)
Late/Upper Santonian	85.8 - 83.5	Russian Federation	C. sp., C. filipalpis, C. kaluginae, C. sphenostylus, C. succineus (35056)
Late/Upper Campanian	83.5 - 70.6	Canada (Manitoba)	C. filipalpis, C. canadensis, C. obuncus (122353) C. filipalpis, C. tyrrelli, C. canadensis, C. agamus, C. obuncus, C. annosus (122354) C. filipalpis, Dasyhelea tyrrelli, Atrichopogon canadensis, C. obuncus (122356)
Middle Campanian	83.5 - 70.6	Canada (Alberta)	C. filipalpis (122385) C. filipalpis, C. bullus (123143) C. filipalpis, C. tyrrelli, C. annosus (104932) C. filipalpis, C. tyrrelli, C. bullus (122388) C. filipalpis, C. tyrrelli, C. canadensis (122383) C. filipalpis, C. tyrrelli, C. canadensis, C. obuncus (122384) C. sp. (34896) C. sp., C. filipalpis (122389)
Bartonian	41.3 - 38.0	Australia (Victoria)	C. paleopestis (224365)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Poland	C. prussicus, C. dasyheleiformis (109625) C. sp., C. sp. A, C. sp. B, C. sp. C, C. ceranowiczi, C. eoselficus, C. gedanensis, C. speciosus, C. dasyheleiformis, C. succivarius, C. balticus (120813) C. sp., C. speciosus (154301)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Germany (Halle)	C. sp., C. speciosus (129228) C. sp., C. speciosus, C. ceranowiczi, C. subgedanensis (129227)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Denmark	C. sp., C. speciosus, C. sp. B, C. eoselficus, C. balticus (123762)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Ukraine	C. sp. (122995) C. sp., C. speciosus (113621 122997)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Russian Federation (Kaliningrad)	Ceratopogon speciosus (123927) C. sp. (123962 123993) C. sp., C. ceranowiczi, C. dasyheleiformis (123221)
Chattian	28.1 - 23.03	Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia)	C. abbreviatipennis, C. atratus, C. austerus, C. bicolor, C. elongatulus, C. gracilior, C. jucundus, C. liliputanus, C. obesus, C. tenuipennis, C. abdominalis, C. obscuratus (122010)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.03 - 15.97	Mexico	C. sp. (21977)
Burdigalian - Langhian	20.44 - 13.82	Dominican Republic	C. antilleanus, C. ambericus, C. mammalicolus, C. sp. (122473) C. brodzinskyi, C. ambericus, C. sp. (122982) C. hispanicolus, C. sp. (123857)
Hemingfordian	20.43 - 15.97	USA (California)	C. megacanthus (106431 123022 123030 123034 152222)