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Culicomorpha

Insecta - Diptera

Taxonomy
Culicomorpha is an infraorder. It is extant.

It was assigned to Nematocera by Evenhuis (1994) and Yeates et al. (2007); and to Diptera by Blagoderov and Grimaldi (2007) and Wiegmann et al. (2011).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1994Culicomorpha Evenhuis
2007Culicomorpha Blagoderov and Grimaldi p. 11
2007Culicomorpha Yeates et al.
2011Culicomorpha Wiegmann et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Ecdysozoa
—Panarthropoda
RankNameAuthor
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
classInsecta
orderDiptera
infraorderCulicomorpha
infraorderCulicomorpha

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Infraor. Culicomorpha
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Superfm. Chironomoidea Macquart 1838
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G. †Anisinodus Lukashevich et al. 2010
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†Anisinodus crinitus Lukashevich et al. 2010
Fm. Ceratopogonidae Newman 1834 [biting midge]
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G. †Adelohelea Borkent 1995
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†Adelohelea burmitica Szadziewski and Poinar 2005
†Adelohelea glabra Borkent 1995
†Adelohelea magyarica Borkent 1997
G. †Alautunmyia Borkent 1996
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†Alautunmyia elongata Borkent 1996
G. †Archiculicoides Szadziewski 1996
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†Archiculicoides acraorum Borkent 2000
†Archiculicoides schleei Szadziewski 1996
†Archiculicoides unus Borkent 2000
Subfm. †Atriculicoidinae Szadziewski 1996
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G. †Atriculicoides Remm 1976
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†Atriculicoides cenomanensis Szadziewski and Schlüter 1992
†Atriculicoides ciliatus Borkent 2012
†Atriculicoides dasyheleis Szadziewski 1996
†Atriculicoides globosus Boesel 1937
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Invalid names: Lasiohelea cretea Boesel 1937 [synonym]
†Atriculicoides hispanicus Szadziewski and Arillo 2016
†Atriculicoides incompletus Szadziewski and Schlüter 1992
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Invalid names: Atriculicoides squamiciliatus Remm 1976 [synonym]
†Atriculicoides sanjusti Szadziewski and Arillo 2016
†Atriculicoides sibiricus Szadziewski 1996
†Atriculicoides swinhoei Cockerell 1919
†Atriculicoides szadziewskii Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2011
†Atriculicoides taimyricus Szadziewski 1996
G. †Burmahelea Szadziewski and Sontag 2019
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†Burmahelea neli Szadziewski and Sontag 2019
Subfm. Ceratopogoninae Newman 1834
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Tr. Ceratopogonini Newman 1834
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G. Alluaudomyia Kieffer 1913
G. Atyphohelea Borkent 1998
G. Austrohelea Wirth and Grogan 1988
G. Baeodasymyia Clastrier and Raccurt 1979
G. Baeohelea Wirth and Blanton 1970
G. †Brachycretacea Szadziewski 1996
G. Brachypogon Kieffer 1899
G. Camptopterohelea Wirth and Hubert 1960
G. Ceratoculicoides Wirth and Ratanaworabhan 1971
G. †Ceratopalpomyia Szadziewski 1988
G. Ceratopogon Meigen 1803
G. †Eohelea Petrunkevitch 1957
G. Fanthamia de Meillon 1939
G. †Fossihelea Szadziewski 1988
G. †Gedanohelea Szadziewski 1988
G. †Mantohelea Szadziewski 1988
G. Meunierohelea Szadziewski 1988
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Invalid names: Chimaerohelea Debenham 1988 [synonym]
G. †Monogedania Szadziewski et al. 2022
G. Monohelea Kieffer 1917
G. Nannohelea Grogan and Wirth 1980
G. †Nelohelea Szadziewski and Sontag 2019
G. †Palaeobrachypogon Borkent 1995
G. †Peronehelea Borkent 1995
G. Schizohelea Kieffer 1917
G. Serromyia Meigen 1818
G. Stilobezzia Kieffer 1911
G. †Wirthohelea Szadziewski 1988
Invalid names: Stilobezziini Wirth 1952 [synonym]
Tr. Culicoidini Kieffer 1911
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G. Culicoides Latreille 1809
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Invalid names: Devalquia Choufani and Nel 2013 [synonym]
G. Washingtonhelea Wirth and Grogan 1988
Tr. Heteromyiini Wirth 1962
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G. Heteromyia Say 1825
G. Metahelea Edwards 1929
G. Neurohelea Kieffer 1925
G. Physohelea Grogan and Wirth 1979
Tr. Johannsenomyiini Crampton 1925
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G. Johannsenomyia Malloch 1915
G. Macropeza Meigen 1818
G. Mallochohelea Wirth 1962
Tr. Palpomyiini Enderlein 1936
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G. Bezzia Kieffer 1899
G. Palpomyia Meigen 1818
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Invalid names: Eopalpomyitis Hong et al. 2000 [synonym], Miopalpomyia Pierce 1966 [synonym], Neopalpomyia Pierce 1966 [synonym], Parapalpomyia Pierce 1966 [synonym]
G. Phaenobezzia Haeselbarth 1965
Invalid names: Ceratopogon escheri Giebel 1856 [nomen dubium], Culicoides carri Pierce 1966 [nomen dubium], Culicoides fossilis Pierce 1966 [nomen dubium], Culicoides laurae Pierce 1966 [nomen dubium], Culicoides mioceneus Pierce 1966 [nomen dubium], Johannsenomyia hotchkissae Pierce 1966 [nomen dubium], Neoculicoides Pierce 1966 [nomen dubium], Neoculicoides jeanneae Pierce 1966 [nomen dubium], Sphaeromiini Newman 1834 [empty]
Subfm. Forcipomyiinae Lenz 1934
+
+
G. Dasyhelea Kieffer 1913
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Invalid names: Sebessia Remm 1979 [synonym]
Tr. Forcipomyiini Lenz 1934
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G. Atrichopogon Kieffer 1906
G. Forcipomyia Meigen 1818
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Invalid names: Amberaspinus Evenhuis 1994 [synonym]
G. †Gerontodacus Borkent 2019
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†Gerontodacus krzeminskii Choufani et al. 2015
†Gerontodacus punctus Borkent 2000
†Gerontodacus skalskii Szadziewski and Arillo 1998
†Gerontodacus succineus Szadziewski 1996
G. †Heleageron Borkent 1995
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†Heleageron arenatus Borkent 1995
†Heleageron grimaldii Borkent 1996
Subfm. †Lebanoculicoidinae Borkent 2000
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G. †Lebanoculicoides Szadziewski 1996
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†Lebanoculicoides bloudani Choufani et al. 2015
†Lebanoculicoides daheri Choufani et al. 2015
†Lebanoculicoides excantabris Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2011
†Lebanoculicoides mesozoicus Szadziewski 1996
Subfm. Leptoconopinae Noe 1907
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G. †Archiaustroconops Szadziewski 1996
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†Archiaustroconops alavensis Szadziewski and Arillo 1998
†Archiaustroconops andersoni Szadziewski et al. 2015
†Archiaustroconops annae Choufani et al. 2015
†Archiaustroconops besti Borkent et al. 2013
†Archiaustroconops borkenti Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2011
†Archiaustroconops ceratoformis Szadziewski 1996
†Archiaustroconops cretaceous Szadziewski 1996
†Archiaustroconops dominiakae Choufani et al. 2015
†Archiaustroconops gracilis Szadziewski and Poinar 2005
†Archiaustroconops hammanensis Choufani et al. 2015
†Archiaustroconops hamus Borkent 2000
†Archiaustroconops kotejai Szadziewski and Poinar 2005
G. Austroconops Wirth and Lee 1958
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†Austroconops asiaticus Szadziewski 2004
†Austroconops borkenti Szadziewski and Schlüter 1992
†Austroconops fossilis Szadziewski 1996
†Austroconops gladius Borkent 2000
†Austroconops gondwanicus Szadziewski 1996
†Austroconops megaspinus Borkent 2000
†Austroconops perrichoti Dominiak et al. 2018
†Austroconops sibiricus Szadziewski 1996
G. †Baskintoconops Pielowska-Ceranowska 2023
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†Baskintoconops maaloufi Pielowska-Ceranowska 2023
G. †Fossileptoconops Szadziewski 1996
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†Fossileptoconops lebanicus Szadziewski 1996
G. †Jordanoconops Szadziewski 2000
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†Jordanoconops weitschati Szadziewski 2000
G. Leptoconops Skuse 1889
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Subg. Leptoconops (Leptoconops) Skuse 1889
Subg. †Leptoconops (Palaeoconops) Borkent 2001
G. †Minyohelea Borkent 1995
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†Minyohelea bacula Borkent 2000
†Minyohelea casca Borkent 1997
†Minyohelea falcata Borkent 2000
†Minyohelea lebanica Szadziewski 1996
†Minyohelea minuta Szadziewski 1996
†Minyohelea nexuosa Pielowska-Ceranowska 2021
†Minyohelea pumilis Borkent 1995
†Minyohelea schleei Szadziewski 1996
†Minyohelea wirthi Szadziewski 1996
Invalid names: Lebanoconops Szadziewski 1996 [synonym]
Invalid names: Austroconopinae Borkent et al. 1987 [synonym]
G. †Protoculicoides Boesel 1937
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†Protoculicoides revelatus Borkent 2019
Invalid names: Ceratopogon crassipalpis Meunier 1912 [nomen dubium], Ceratopogon madagascariensis Meunier 1912 [nomen dubium], Ceratopogon tenuipes Meunier 1912 [nomen dubium], Ceratopogon viscatus Meunier 1912 [nomen dubium], Heleidae [synonym], Simulia pasithea von Heyden 1870 [nomen dubium], Simulium terribilis Förster 1891 [nomen dubium], Sinopogonitinae Hong 2002 [invalid subgroup]
Superfm. Culicoidea Meigen 1818
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Fm. Chaoboridae Edwards 1920 [phantom midge]
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G. †Chachotosha Lukashevich 1996
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†Chachotosha perplexus Lukashevich 1996
†Chachotosha probatus Lukashevich 1996
Subfm. Chaoborinae Edwards 1920
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G. Chaoborus Lichtenstein 1800
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†Chaoborus ciliatus Meunier 1904
†Chaoborus kishenehnicus Baranov and Haug 2021
†Chaoborus rarus Seredszus and Wichard 2009
†Chaoborus tertiarius von Heyden 1862
Invalid names: Corethra Meigen 1803 [synonym], Culicites von Heyden 1862 [synonym]
G. Mochlonyx Loew 1844
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†Mochlonyx secundus Seredszus and Wichard 2009
†Mochlonyx sepultus Loew 1844
Invalid names: Mochlonyx atavus Loew 1861 [nomen nudum]
G. †Chaoborites Kalugina 1985
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†Chaoborites argillaceus Kalugina 1985
G. †Chaoburmus Lukashevich 2000
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†Chaoburmus amphilogos Lukashevich 2011
†Chaoburmus breviusculus Lukashevich 2000
†Chaoburmus victimaartis Lukashevich 2000
G. †Chironomaptera Ping 1928
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†Chironomaptera bucucunica Kalugina 1985
†Chironomaptera collessi Jell and Duncan 1986
†Chironomaptera gobiensis Cockerell 1924
†Chironomaptera gregaria Grabau 1923
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Invalid names: Chironomaptera melanura Ping 1928 [synonym]
†Chironomaptera karabonica Kalugina 1993
†Chironomaptera scobloi Kalugina 1985
†Chironomaptera vesca Kalugina 1980
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Invalid names: Petiolatendipes shouchangensis Lin 1980 [synonym]
Invalid names: Mesotendipes Hong 1982 [objective synonym], Petiolatendipes Lin 1980 [synonym]
Subfm. †Chironomapterinae Kalugina 1974
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G. †Astrocorethra Kalugina 1986
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†Astrocorethra gurvanica Kalugina 1986
†Astrocorethra khukhmortica Kalugina 1986
†Astrocorethra mjangadica Kalugina 1986
G. †Baleiomyia Kalugina 1993
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†Baleiomyia discussoria Kalugina 1993
G. †Helokrenia Kalugina 1985
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†Helokrenia nana Kalugina 1985
G. †Hypsocorethra Kalugina 1985
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†Hypsocorethra jurassica Kalugina 1985
†Hypsocorethra toficola Kalugina 1985
G. †Mesocorethra Kalugina 1993
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†Mesocorethra cincta Lukashevich 2011
†Mesocorethra levis Kalugina 1993
G. †Praechaoborus Kalugina 1985
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†Praechaoborus tugnuicus Kalugina 1985
†Praechaoborus udaensis Kalugina 1985
Invalid names: Mesotendipedinae Hong 1982 [objective synonym]
G. †Dixamima Rohdendorf 1951
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†Dixamima villosa Rohdendorf 1951
Subfm. Eucorethrinae Edwards 1932
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G. †Libanoculex Azar et al. 2023
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†Libanoculex intermedius Azar et al. 2023
Invalid names: Libanoculicinae Azar et al. 2023 [synonym]
G. †Gedanoborus Szadziewski and Giłka 2007
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†Gedanoborus kerneggeri Szadziewski and Giłka 2007
†Gedanoborus resinatus Seredszus and Wichard 2009
G. †Jordanobotomus Kaddumi 2005
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†Jordanobotomus faigi Kaddumi 2005
G. †Libanoborus Azar et al. 2009
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†Libanoborus lukashevichae Azar et al. 2009
G. †Mesochaoborus Zhang et al. 1986
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†Mesochaoborus pallens Zhang et al. 1986
G. †Palaeomochlonyx Wichard et al. 2009
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†Palaeomochlonyx aestimabilis Seredszus and Wichard 2009
G. †Rhaetomyia Rohdendorf 1962
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†Rhaetomyia herrigi Ansorge 1996
†Rhaetomyia necopinata Rohdendorf 1962
G. †Taimyborus Lukashevich 1999
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†Taimyborus aequiarticulatus Lukashevich 1999
G. †Triassomyia Lukashevich 2022
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†Triassomyia shcherbakovi Lukashevich 2022
Invalid names: Corethra exita Scudder 1877 [nomen dubium], Dixamimidae Rohdendorf 1962 [synonym], Rhaetomyiidae Rohdendorf 1962 [synonym]
Fm. Corethrellidae Newman 1834 [frog biting midge]
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G. Corethrella Coquillett 1902
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Subg. Corethrella (Corethrella) Coquillett 1902
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†Corethrella (Corethrella) miocaenica Szadziewski et al. 1994
†Corethrella (Corethrella) nudistyla Borkent and Szadziewski 1992
†Corethrella (Corethrella) prisca Borkent and Szadziewski 1992
†Corethrella (Corethrella) rovnoensis Baranov and Kvifte 2016
†Corethrella (Corethrella) sontagae Baranov and Kvifte 2016
Subg. †Corethrella (Fossicorethrella) Szadziewski 1995
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†Corethrella andersoni Poinar and Szadziewski 2007
†Corethrella patula Baranov and Kvifte 2019
Fm. Culicidae Meigen 1818 [mosquito]
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Subfm. Anophelinae Bassi 1900
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G. Anopheles Meigen 1818
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Subg. Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) Blanchard 1902
†Anopheles rottensis Statz 1944
G. †Priscoculex Poinar et al. 2019
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†Priscoculex burmanicus Poinar et al. 2019
Subfm. †Burmaculicinae Borkent and Grimaldi 2016
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G. †Burmaculex Borkent and Grimaldi 2004
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†Burmaculex antiquus Borkent and Grimaldi 2004
Subfm. Culicinae Meigen 1818
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Tr. Aedini Neveu-Lemaire 1902
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G. Aedes Meigen 1818
G. †Aetheapnomyia Harbach and Greenwalt 2012
G. †Eoaedes Harbach and Greenwalt 2012
G. Ochlerotatus Lynch Arribalzaga 1891
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Invalid names: Taeniorhynchus Lynch Arribalzaga 1891 [synonym]
Tr. Culicini Meigen 1818
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G. Culex Linnaeus 1758
Tr. Culisetini Belkin 1962
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G. Culiseta Felt 1904
Tr. Mansoniini Belkin 1962
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G. Coquillettidia Dyar 1905
G. Mansonia Blanchard 1901
Tr. Toxorhynchitini Theobald 1905
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G. Toxorhynchites Theobald 1901 [elephant mosquito]
G. †Neoculicites Evenhuis 1994
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†Neoculicites ceyx von Heyden 1870
†Neoculicites depereti Meunier 1915
Invalid names: Culicites Meunier 1915 [replaced]
G. †Paleoculicis Poinar et al. 2000
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†Paleoculicis minutus Poinar et al. 2000
Fm. Dixidae Van der Wulp 1877 [meniscus midge]
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G. Dixa Meigen 1818
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†Dixa minuta Meunier 1906
†Dixa tertiaria Meunier 1915
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Invalid names: Dixa hyalipennis Theobald 1937 [synonym]
Invalid names: Eriopterites Meunier 1915 [synonym]
G. Dixella Dyar and Shannon 1924
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†Dixella curvistyla Greenwalt and Moulton 2016
†Dixella distans Hennig 1966
†Dixella eomarginata Greenwalt and Moulton 2016
†Dixella filiforceps Hennig 1966
†Dixella intacta Greenwalt and Moulton 2016
Dixella lirio Dyar and Shannon 1924
†Dixella priscula Cockerell 1921
†Dixella spinilobata Greenwalt and Moulton 2016
†Dixella succinea Meunier 1906
Invalid names: Paradixa Tonnoir 1924 [synonym]
G. †Eucorethrina Kalugina 1985
+
†Eucorethrina convexa Lukashevich 1996
†Eucorethrina flexa Kalugina 1985
†Eucorethrina westwoodi Lukashevich et al. 2001
G. †Syndixa Lukashevich 1996
+
†Syndixa liasina Lukashevich 1996
†Syndixa mollis Lukashevich 1996
†Syndixa sibirica Lukashevich 1996
Invalid names: Dixa cimbrica Ansorge 1992 [nomen dubium]
Superfm. Simulioidea Newman 1834
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Fm. †Kaluginamyiidae Lukashevich et al. 2019
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G. †Kaluginamyia Lukashevich et al. 2019
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†Kaluginamyia baissica Lukashevich et al. 2019
†Kaluginamyia brevirostris Kalugina 1986
†Kaluginamyia enigmatica Lukashevich et al. 2019
Fm. Simuliidae Newman 1834 [black fly]
+
Subfm. Gymnopaidinae Rubzov 1956
+
G. †Baisomyia Kalugina 1991
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†Baisomyia incognita Kalugina 1991
G. †Gydarina Kalugina 1991
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†Gydarina karabonica Kalugina 1991
G. Inseliellum Rubtsov 1974
Subfm. †Kovalevimyiinae Kalugina 1991
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G. †Kovalevimyia Kalugina 1991
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†Kovalevimyia lacrimosa Kalugina 1991
G. Nevermannia Enderlein 1921
Subfm. Simuliinae Newman 1834
+
G. Ectemnia Enderlein 1930
+
†Ectemnia cerberus Enderlein 1921
Tr. Nevermanniini Enderlein 1921
+
G. Hellichiella Rivosecchi and Cardinale 1975
Tr. Simuliini Newman 1834
+
G. †Archicnephia Currie and Grimaldi 2000
G. †Ugolyakia Perkovsky and Sukhomlin 2018
Invalid names: Ectemnia lithuanica Yankovsky and Bernotiene 2005 [nomen dubium]
Tr. Stegopterniini Enderlein 1930
+
G. Greniera Doby and David 1959
G. †Simuliites Kalugina 1986
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†Simuliites yantardakh Perkovsky and Sukhomlin 2016
G. †Simulimima Kalugina 1985
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†Simulimima grandis Kalugina 1985
G. Simulium Latreille 1802
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Subg. Simulium (Inseliellum) Rubtsov 1974
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†Simulium (Inseliellum) raivavaense Craig and Porch 2013
Simulium (Inseliellum) teruamanga Craig and Craig 1986
Fm. Thaumaleidae Bezzi 1913
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G. †Mesothaumalea Kovalev 1989
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†Mesothaumalea fossilis Kovalev 1989
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: chitinc
Environment: terrestrialc
Locomotion: actively mobilep
Created: 2017-04-17 09:56:18
Modified: 2017-04-17 09:56:18
Source: c = class, p = phylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Aegean to the top of the Holocene or 247.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 242.0 Ma

Collections (299 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Aegean247.2 - 242.0France Anisinodus crinitus (106916)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Kyrgyzstan (Osh) Triassomyia shcherbakovi (228748)
Hettangian - Sinemurian201.3 - 190.8Kyrgyzstan (Tonskiy) Rhaetomyia necopinata (105086) Syndixa liasina (105084)
Early/Lower Toarcian183.0 - 182.0Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) Rhaetomyia herrigi (114993)
Toarcian - Aalenian182.7 - 170.3Russian Federation (Kemerovo) Chironomaptera bucucunica (125475)
Bajocian - Bathonian170.3 - 166.1Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) Eucorethrina flexa, Syndixa sibirica, Syndixa mollis, Helokrenia nana, Chaoborites argillaceus (118010)
Callovian - Oxfordian166.1 - 157.3Kazakhstan (Chimkent) Dixamima villosa (122331) Eucorethrina sp. (105426)
Oxfordian163.5 - 157.3Russian Federation (Chita) Chaoboridae indet. (125499)
Oxfordian163.5 - 157.3Russian Federation (Buryat) Praechaoborus tugnuicus (105017)
Oxfordian163.5 - 157.3Russian Federation Praechaoborus tugnuicus (123219)
Oxfordian163.5 - 157.3Russian Federation (Buryatia) Hypsocorethra jurassica (123195) Hypsocorethra sp. (123147) Simulimima grandis (124595)
Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian163.5 - 152.1Russian Federation (Chita) Chironomaptera scobloi (114661)
Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian163.5 - 152.1Russian Federation (Buryat) Hypsocorethra toficola (114614) Praechaoborus udaensis, Hypsocorethra toficola (104950)
Late/Upper Jurassic161.5 - 145.0Russian Federation Chaoboridae indet., Chironomaptera bucucunica (114317)
Late/Upper Jurassic161.5 - 145.0Russian Federation (Chita) Chaoboridae indet. (143412)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Russian Federation Mesothaumalea fossilis (123198) Praechaoborus sp. (125408)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Mongolia Chaoburmus amphilogos (121394) Mesocorethra cincta, Eucorethrina convexa (104748)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Russian Federation (Chita) Kovalevimyia lacrimosa, Baleiomyia discussoria, Mesocorethra levis (114307 123197) Mesocorethra levis (125407)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Germany (Bayern) Culicoidea indet. (123144)
Early/Lower Berriasian145.0 - 140.2United Kingdom (England) Eucorethrina westwoodi (118914)