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Alca grandis
Taxonomy
Australca grandis was named by Brodkorb (1955). Its type specimen is Brodkorb 141, a limb element (right coracoid), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is American Agricultural Chemical Company, Brodkorb Locality 2, which is in a Tortonian coastal sandstone in the Peace River Formation of Florida.
It was synonymized subjectively with Alca antiqua by Olson and Rasmussen (2001); it was recombined as Alca grandis by Olson (2007) and Smith and Clarke (2011).
It was synonymized subjectively with Alca antiqua by Olson and Rasmussen (2001); it was recombined as Alca grandis by Olson (2007) and Smith and Clarke (2011).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1955 | Australca grandis Brodkorb p. 27 |
| 1956 | Australca grandis Wetmore p. 79 |
| 1985 | Australca grandis Olson p. 184 |
| 2007 | Alca grandis Olson p. 225 |
| 2011 | Alca grandis Smith and Clarke p. 19 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Alca grandis Brodkorb 1955
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Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| N. A. Smith and J. A. Clarke 2011 | Alca grandis is characterized by a small posterodorsally projecting tubercle on the posterodistal margin of the ventral tubercle of the humerus (84:1), which is absent in all other Alca species but is present in Pinguinus (Fig. 10). As in all Alca, restriction of the deltopectoral crest to the proximal half of the humeral shaft (55:0) differentiates A. grandis from Pinguinus. Alca grandis is further differentiated from other Alca by the following characteristics: dorsal margin of the medial sternal process of coracoid notched (51:1) as in A. torda and A. carolinensis (absent in other Alca for which the coracoid is known; i.e., A. stewarti and A. olsoni); distal margin of
posterior humeral head pointed (53:1; rounded in A. stewarti, A. minor, and A. torda); primary pneumotricipital fossa of humerus oval (67:1) as in A. ausonia, A. carolinensis, and A. olsoni (rounded in other Alca); olecranon curves posteriorly (94:0) as in A. carolinensis and A. olsoni (curves anteriorly in A. stewarti and A. torda); anterior margin of dorsal cotylar prominence of ulna rounded (97:0) as in A. carolinensis and A. torda (margin straight in A. olsoni and A. stewarti); dorsal condyle of ulna rounded (102:0) as in A. olsoni (angled in A. torda and A. stewarti); distal tendinal groove of carpometacarpus a sulcus (108:0) as in A. torda rather than a closed canal as in A. carolinensis. In size, A. grandis is between the smaller A. ausonia and the larger A. carolinensis (Table 4 and Fig. 2). |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
| References: Benton 1983, Bush and Bambach 2015, Marsh 1875 | |||||