PBDB Taxon

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Arctocephalus (fur seal)

Mammalia - Carnivora - Otariidae

Taxonomy

Arctocephalus was named by Cuvier (1826) [Sepkoski's age data: Q Plei R Sepkoski's reference number: 746]. It is extant. It is the type genus of Arctocephalini.

It was synonymized subjectively with Callotaria by Allen (1902).

It was assigned to Phocidae by Gray (1850); to Arctocephalina by Gray (1866) and Gray (1871); to Arctocephalini by Mitchell (1968); to Carnivora by Sepkoski (2002); to Otariinae by Barnes (1989), Vidal (1991) and Koretsky and Barnes (2006); to Otariidae by Gill (1866), Allen (1880), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Palmer (1904), Turner (1912), Zittel (1925), Repenning and Tedford (1977), Carroll (1988), Rice (1998), Bergqvist et al. (1999), Berta (2002), Berta et al. (2006), Berta (2009), Werdelin and Peigne (2010), Berta and Churchill (2012), Boessenecker and Churchill (2015) and Berta (2018); to Otariidae by Wilson and Reeder (2005), Berta et al. (2018) and Tsuzuku and Kohno (2020); and to Arctocephalinae by Scheffer and Rice (1963), Muizon (1978), Berta and Deméré (1986), Riedman (1990), McKenna and Bell (1997), Deméré et al. (2003) and Pereyra and Magnussen (2021).

Synonyms

Halarctus was named by Gill (1866). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Arctocephalus by Gray (1871), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904) and Berta and Churchill (2012).

It was assigned to Otariidae by Gill (1866).
Arctophoca was named by Peters (1866). It is extant.

It was reranked as Otaria (Arctophoca) by Peters (1866); it was synonymized subjectively with Arctocephalus by Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), McKenna and Bell (1997), Rice (1998) and Lopes et al. (2021).

It was assigned to Otaria by Peters (1866); to Zalophina by Gray (1871); to Phocidae by Ameghino (1889); to Otariidae by Berta and Churchill (2012); and to Otariidae by Tsuzuku and Kohno (2020).
Gypsophoca was named by Gray (1866). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Arctocephalus by Trouessart (1898) and McKenna and Bell (1997); it was synonymized subjectively with Arctophoca by Berta and Churchill (2012).

It was assigned to Otariidae by Palmer (1904).
Euotaria was named by Gray (1869). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Arctocephalus by Trouessart (1898); it was synonymized subjectively with Arctophoca by Berta and Churchill (2012).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1826	Arctocephalus Cuvier p. 554
1850	Arctocephalus Gray p. 39
1866	Halarctus Gill
1866	Arctocephalus Gill p. 7
1866	Halarctus Gill p. 7
1866	Arctocephalus Gray p. 47
1866	Gypsophoca Gray p. 235
1866	Arctophoca Peters
1866	Otaria (Arctophoca) Peters
1869	Euotaria Gray
1871	Arctocephalas Gray p. 4
1871	Arctophoca Gray p. 12
1880	Arctocephalus Allen p. 210
1889	Arctophoca Ameghino p. 342
1898	Arctocephalus Trouessart p. 372
1904	Arctocephalus Palmer p. 117
1904	Gypsophoca Palmer p. 304
1904	Arctocephalus Trouessart p. 279
1912	Arctocephalus Turner p. 173
1925	Arctocephalus Zittel p. 78
1963	Arctocephalus Scheffer and Rice p. 2
1968	Arctocephalus Mitchell p. 1897
1977	Arctocephalus Repenning and Tedford p. 57
1978	Arctocephalus Muizon p. 184
1986	Arctocephalus Berta and Deméré p. 122
1988	Arctocephalus Carroll
1989	Arctocephalus Barnes p. 23
1990	Arctocephalus Riedman p. 58 figs. Table 2
1991	Arctocephalus Vidal p. 6
1997	Arctocephalus McKenna and Bell p. 253
1998	Arctocephalus Rice
1999	Arctocephalus Bergqvist et al. p. 31
2002	Arctocephalus Berta p. 923
2002	Arctocephalus Sepkoski
2003	Arctocephalus Deméré et al. p. 49 figs. Fig. 3.3
2005	Arctocephalus Wilson and Reeder
2006	Arctocephalus Berta et al. p. 496
2006	Arctocephalus Koretsky and Barnes p. 145
2009	Arctocephalus Berta p. 863
2010	Arctocephalus Werdelin and Peigne p. 646
2012	Arctocephalus Berta and Churchill
2012	Arctophoca Berta and Churchill p. 212
2015	Arctocephalus Boessenecker and Churchill figs. Fig. 2
2018	Arctocephalus Berta p. 713 figs. Fig. 2
2018	Arctocephalus Berta et al. p. 210 figs. Fig. 5
2020	Arctocephalus Tsuzuku and Kohno p. 6
2020	Arctophoca Tsuzuku and Kohno p. 6
2021	Arctocephalus Pereyra and Magnussen p. 2

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Theriamorpha	(Rowe 1993)

Rank	Name	Author
—	Theriiformes	()
—	Trechnotheria
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Ferae	()
—	Carnivoramorpha	Wyss and Flynn 1993
—	Carnivoraformes	Flynn et al.
order	Carnivora
suborder	Caniformia	Kretzoi 1943
infraorder	Canoidea	(Simpson 1931)
superfamily	Arctoidea	Flower 1869
—	Panpinnipedia	Wolsan et al. 2020
—	Pinnipedimorpha
—	Pinnipedia	()
superfamily	Otarioidea
family	Otariidae	()
genus	Arctocephalus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Arctocephalus Cuvier 1826 [fur seal]

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Subg. Arctocephalus (Arctocephalus) Trouessart 1898

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Arctocephalus (Arctocephalus) argentata Philippi 1892

Arctocephalus (Arctocephalus) brachydactyla Philippi 1892

Arctocephalus (Arctocephalus) gracilis Nehring 1887

Arctocephalus (Arctocephalus) leucostoma Philippi 1892

Subg. Arctocephalus (Callotaria) Palmer 1892

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Arctocephalus (Callotaria) alaskanus Jordan and Clark 1899

Arctocephalus (Callotaria) kurilensis Jordan and Clark 1899