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Perleididae

Actinopteri - Perleidiformes - Perleididae

Taxonomy
Perleididae was named by Brough (1931) [The family “Perleididae” as established by Brough (1931) cannot be shown to be monophyletic, and the systematic positions of many purportedly closely related taxa remain unknown. Mutter (2002) tentatively redefined the family and suggested the following 3 diagnostic characters: presence of anamestic postorbitals, articulation facet of the lower jaw not located behind the posterior orbital border, and presence of spine-like first rays in the paired fins. The family comprises the genera Luganoia, Meidiichthys, Mendocinia, Peltoperleidus, Perleidus, Pseudobeaconia, possibly Dipteronotus, and, according to this revision, a new genus. Due to lack of any synapomorphies, the Perleididae sensu stricto (Mutter, 2002) remain undefined.].

It was assigned to Perleidiformes by Gardiner (1966), Beltan (1968), Beltan (1972), Schaeffer and Mangus (1976), Sytchevskaya (1999), Herzog (2001), Bürgin and Herzog (2002), Tong et al. (2006), Sun et al. (2013), Tintori et al. (2016), Nelson et al. (2016) and Yuan et al. (2022).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1931Perleididae Brough
1966Perleididae Gardiner p. 65
1968Perleididae Beltan p. 56
1972Perleididae Beltan p. 294
1976Perleididae Schaeffer and Mangus p. 538
1999Perleididae Sytchevskaya p. 450
2001Perleididae Herzog p. 495
2002Perleididae Bürgin and Herzog p. 462
2006Perleididae Tong et al. p. 147
2013Perleididae Sun et al. p. 278
2016Perleididae Nelson et al. p. 116
2016Perleididae Tintori et al. p. 191
2022Perleididae Yuan et al. p. 6

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
RankNameAuthor
Osteichthyes()
superclassActinopterygii()
classActinopteri()
subclassNeopterygii(Regan 1923)
orderPerleidiformesBerg 1937
familyPerleididaeBrough 1931
familyPerleididaeBrough 1931

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Perleididae Brough 1931
show all | hide all
G. †Aetheodontus Brough 1939
+
Aetheodontus besanensis Brough 1939
G. †Alvinia Sytchevskaya 1999
+
Alvinia serrata Sytchevskaya 1999
G. †Diandongperleidus Geng et al. 2012
+
Diandongperleidus denticulatus Geng et al. 2012
G. †Dipteronotus Egerton 1854
+
Dipteronotus cyphus Egerton 1854
Dipteronotus gibbosus Martin 1980
Dipteronotus olgiatii Tintori 1990
Dipteronotus ornatus Bürgin 1992
G. †Endennia Lombardo and Brambillasca 2005
+
Endennia licia Lombardo and Brambillasca 2005
G. †Eoperleidus Sytchevskaya 1999
+
Eoperleidus bergi Sytchevskaya and Yakovlev 1999
G. †Luopingperleidus Geng et al. 2012
+
Luopingperleidus sui Geng et al. 2012
G. †Megaperleidus Sytchevskaya 1999
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Megaperleidus lissolepis Sytchevskaya 1999
G. †Meidiichthys Brough 1931
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Meidiichthys browni Brough 1931
G. †Mendocinia Bordas 1944
G. †Meridensia Andersson 1916
+
Meridensia meridensis de Alessandri 1910
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Invalid names: Meridensia gibba Brough 1939 [synonym]
G. †Paraperleidus Zhao and Lu 2007
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Paraperleidus changxingensis Zhao and Lu 2007
G. †Perleidus de Alessandri 1910
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Perleidus altolepis Deecke 1889
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Invalid names: Lepidotus serratus Bellotti 1857 [replaced], Pholidophorus oblongus Bellotti 1857 [replaced]
Perleidus sinensis Lombardo et al. 2011
Invalid names: Dimorpholepis Teixeira 1947 [synonym]
G. †Plesioperleidus Su and Li 1983
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Plesioperleidus dayeensis Su and Li 1983
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Invalid names: Zhangina cylindrica Liu 2002 [synonym]
Invalid names: Zhangina Liu 2002 [synonym]
G. †Teffichthys Marramà et al. 2017
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Teffichthys elegans Yuan et al. 2022
Teffichthys lehmani Schaeffer 1990
Teffichthys lutoensis Teixeira 1947
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Invalid names: Perleidus piveteaui Lehman 1952 [synonym]
Teffichthys stoschiensis Stensiö 1932
Teffichthys woodwardi Stensiö 1921
+
Invalid names: Colobodus altilepis Woodward 1912 [replaced]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Diet: grazerf
Diet 2: detritivoref
Created: 2014-02-08 20:12:07
Modified: 2014-02-08 20:12:07
Source: f = family, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Neuman and Wilson 1985, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Smithian to the top of the Alaunian or 251.30000 to 212.00000 Ma

Collections (79 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Triassic252.17 - 247.2Angola Perleidus lehmani (131052) Perleidus lutoensis (131079 131080 131081 131082 131083)
Griesbachian251.902 - 250.5Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) Eoperleidus bergi (103638)
Griesbachian251.902 - 250.5Greenland Perleidus stoschiensis (112751 120896)
Griesbachian251.902 - 250.5China (Zhejiang) Paraperleidus changxingensis (146383) Perleididae indet. (119473)
Smithian251.3 - 247.2Canada (British Columbia) Perleidus sp. (90301)
Smithian251.3 - 247.2Svalbard and Jan Mayen Colobodus altilepis (120367) Perleidus woodwardi (120228 120229 120230 120304 120366)
Smithian251.3 - 247.2China (Hubei) Plesioperleidus dayeensis (123521)
Smithian251.3 - 247.2China (Anhui) Plesioperleidus dayeensis, Plesioperleidus yangtzensis, Plesioperleidus jiangsuensis (117945)
Smithian251.3 - 247.2China (Jiangsu) Perleidus eurylepidotrichia, Zhangina cylindrica, Perleidus piveteaui (117942) Zhangina jiangsuensis (118109)
Olenekian251.2 - 247.2China (Anhui) Perleidus yangtzensis (123523)
Olenekian251.2 - 247.2China (Gansu) Perleidus sp. (105775)
Dienerian250.5 - 251.2Madagascar Perleidus madagascariensis (153374 153378) Perleidus sp. (153683) Perleidus sp., Perleidus piveteaui, Perleidus madagascariensis (153373)
Dienerian250.5 - 251.2China (Guizhou) Teffichthys elegans (225582 225583)
Dienerian - Smithian250.5 - 247.2Madagascar Perleidus madagascariensis (185360)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0United Kingdom (England) Dipteronotus cyphus (88992) Dipteronotus sp. (97695)
Illyrian247.2 - 242.0Italy Aetheodontus besanensis, Meridensia meridensis, Meridensia gibba (122150) Meridensia meridensis (122061) Pholidophorus bronni (149323) Pholidophorus meridensis (153403)
Illyrian247.2 - 242.0Switzerland Aetheodontus besanensis, Meridensia meridensis (122058 122060) Dipteronotus ornatus (122068) Meridensia meridensis (98104 117994 122059 122062 122151) Pholidophorus meridensis (153402)
Pelsonian247.2 - 242.0China Perleidus sinensis (117939)
Pelsonian247.2 - 242.0China (Yunnan) Luopingperleidus sui, Diandongperleidus denticulatus (146382)
Pelsonian247.2 - 242.0Italy Dipteronotus sp. (154334)
Middle Triassic247.2 - 237.0Egypt (Shamal Sina) Perleididae indet. (75279)
Illyrian - Fassanian247.2 - 235.0Switzerland Aetheodontus besanensis, Dipteronotus ornatus, Meridensia meridensis (122057)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Spain Meidiichthys sp. (149852) Perleidus altolepis (148734 148735 148738 148739) Perleidus sp. (149853)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Perleidus woodwardi (120224)
Fassanian242.0 - 235.0Switzerland Dipteronotus sp. (153375)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0Turkey Perleidus sp. (120903)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0Spain (Tarragona) Meidiichthys sp. (109710)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0Italy (Lecco) Heterolepidotus serratus (118265) Semionotus altolepis, Heterolepidotus serratus, Pholidophorus oblongus (120901)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Dipteronotus sp. (101875)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0Switzerland Perleidus altolepis (122020) Perleidus sp. (122064)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0Italy Heterolepidotus serratus (153100) Lepidotus serratus, Pholidophorus oblongus (153401) Perleidus altolepis, Dipteronotus olgiatii (116568) Pholidophorus oblongus (153408)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Kyrgyzstan (Ösh) Megaperleidus lissolepis, Alvinia serrata (200781)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Morocco (Marrakech-Safi) Perleidus sp., Dipteronotus gibbosus (94786)
Late/Upper Triassic237.0 - 201.4South Africa (Free State) Meidiichthys browni (220878)
Norian228.0 - 208.5USA (Arizona) Colobodontidae indet. (48423) Perleididae indet. (84017)
Alaunian215.56 - 212.0Luxembourg (Diekirch) Dipteronotus sp., Perleidus sp., Perleidus stoschiensis (56047)
Alaunian215.56 - 212.0Italy Endennia licia (122457 122458 122459)