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Prunus (plum)
Taxonomy
Prunus was named by Linnaeus (1753). It is extant.
It was assigned to Drupaceae by Knowlton (1919) and Knowlton (1926); and to Rosaceae by Brown (1959), Lakhanpal et al. (1976), Suzuki (1984), Chauhan (1991), Srivastava (1991) and Liu et al. (1996).
It was assigned to Drupaceae by Knowlton (1919) and Knowlton (1926); and to Rosaceae by Brown (1959), Lakhanpal et al. (1976), Suzuki (1984), Chauhan (1991), Srivastava (1991) and Liu et al. (1996).
Species
P. acutifolia, P. antecedens, P. ascendentiporulosa, P. careyhurstia, P. cerasoides, P. coloradensis, P. cornuta, P. cretacea, P. dakotensis, P. iwatense, P. masoni, P. merriami, P. moragensis, P. nabortensis, P. palaeozippeliana, P. perita, P. polyporulosa, P. preandersonii, P. prefasciculata, P. prefremontii, P. rustii, P. tufacea, P. uviporulosa, P. variabilis, P. wadiai
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1753 | Prunus Linnaeus |
| 1919 | Prunus Knowlton |
| 1926 | Prunus Knowlton |
| 1959 | Prunus Brown p. 128 |
| 1976 | Prunus Lakhanpal et al. |
| 1984 | Prunus Suzuki |
| 1991 | Prunus Chauhan |
| 1991 | Prunus Srivastava |
| 1996 | Prunus Liu et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Prunus Linnaeus 1753 [plum]
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†Prunus acutifolia Newberry 1895
†Prunus antecedens Lesquereux 1891
†Prunus ascendentiporulosa Suzuki 1984
†Prunus careyhurstia Brown 1962
Prunus cerasoides Don 1825
†Prunus coloradensis Knowlton 1918
Prunus cornuta Wallich 1841
†Prunus cretacea Lesquereux 1868
†Prunus dakotensis Lesquereux 1883
†Prunus iwatense Watari 1941
†Prunus masoni LaMotte 1936
†Prunus merriami Knowlton 1902
†Prunus moragensis Axelrod 1944
†Prunus nabortensis Berry 1916
†Prunus palaeozippeliana Suzuki 1984
†Prunus perita Brown 1962
†Prunus polyporulosa Suzuki 1984
†Prunus preandersonii Axelrod 1937
†Prunus prefasciculata Axelrod 1939
†Prunus prefremontii Axelrod 1937
†Prunus rustii Knowlton 1926
†Prunus tufacea Knowlton 1902
†Prunus uviporulosa Suzuki 1984
†Prunus variabilis Newberry 1882
†Prunus wadiai Guleria and Lakhanpal 1983
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: p = phylum | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Albian to the top of the Holocene or 105.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 100.5 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 100.5 Ma
Collections (83 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cretaceous | USA (Colorado) | Prunus corrugis (40287) | |
| Albian | USA (Wyoming) | Prunus aspensis (102758 102759) | |
| Late/Upper Albian | USA (Wyoming) | Prunus aspensis (31174) | |
| Cenomanian | USA (Wyoming) | Prunus aspensis (34972) | |
| Paleocene | USA (Wyoming) | Prunus corrugis (40083 57984) | |
| Paleocene | USA (Montana) | Prunus careyhurstia, Prunus perita (53846) Prunus corrugis (40935) | |
| Paleocene | USA (Colorado) | Prunus coloradensis (52846 52870 52933 52953) Prunus corrugis (43288 53011) | |
| Ypresian | United Kingdom (England) | Prunus prisca, Prunus druidum (22811) | |
| Ypresian | Canada (British Columbia) | Prunus sp. (227994) | |
| Eocene | Canada (British Columbia) | Prunus sp. (179231) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | USA (Wyoming) | Prunus corrugis (57980) | |
| Bridgerian | USA (Wyoming) | Prunus stewarti (21389) | |
| MP 11 | Germany (Hessen) | Prunus sp. (22701) | |
| Middle Eocene | USA (Oregon) | Prunus olsonii, Prunus weinsteinii (21220) | |
| Chadronian | USA (Colorado) | Prunus gracilis (24209) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene | USA (Colorado) | Prunus gracilis (39837 39849 39851) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | Japan (Fukuoka) | Prunus palaeozippeliana, Prunus ascendentiporulosa, Prunus uviporulosa, Prunus polyporulosa (224520) | |
| Oligocene | USA (Montana) | Prunus lyoniifolia, Prunus morangensis, Prunus scottii, Prunus wilcoxiana (23793) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene | USA (Montana) | Prunus scottii (23330) | |
| Chattian | Russian Federation (Tomsk) | Prunus sp. 1, Prunus sp. 2 (22889) Prunus stipitata (23669 23673) Prunus triloba, Prunus stipitata (23114) | |
| Chattian - Aquitanian | Germany (Sachsen) | Prunus bilinica, Prunus langsdorfii (26765) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Russian Federation (Tomsk) | Prunus sp. (23908) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Japan (Iwate) | Prunus iwatense (224518) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene | USA (Washington) | Prunus rustii (103753) | |
| Miocene | USA (Washington) | Prunus rustii (224393) | |
| Miocene | USA (Idaho) | Prunus chaneyi, Prunus treasheri (35278) Prunus rustii (224395) | |
| Burdigalian | Germany (Bayern) | Prunus maximowiczii, Prunus scharfii (28280) Prunus scharfii (28282) | |
| Burdigalian | China (Shandong) | Prunus miobrachypoda (223803) | |
| Burdigalian | USA (Nevada) | Prunus chaneyi (27702) Prunus moragensis (27701) Prunus treasheri, Prunus chaneyi, Prunus moragensis (27179) | |
| Hemingfordian - Barstovian | USA (California) | Prunus masoni, Prunus preandersonii, Prunus prefasciculata, Prunus prefremontii (19206) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Nevada) | Prunus chaneyii (27630) | |
| Barstovian - Clarendonian | USA (Nebraska) | Prunus acuminata (23401) | |
| Langhian - Serravallian | Poland (Silesia) | Prunus langsdorfi, Prunus rugosa, Prunus padus, Prunus venosa, Prunus maximowiczii, Prunus mahaleb (28442) | |
| Middle Miocene | USA (Nevada) | Prunus chaneyii (27700) | |
| Middle Miocene | India (Ladakh) | Prunus wadiai (228438) | |
| Serravallian | Germany (Brandenburg) | Prunus marchica, Prunus sambucifolia (27379) Prunus schlechtendalii (22899 23042 23618 23652 23681) Prunus sp. (23025) Prunus tenerirugosa (23056) | |
| Serravallian | USA (Nevada) | Prunus chaneyi (27626) Prunus chaneyii (27525 27527 27629) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Japan (Gunma) | Prunus protossiori, Prunus apetala, Prunus sp. (22755) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene | France (Elsass) | Prunus avium, Prunus crassa, Prunus fruticosa, Prunus girardii, Prunus insititia, Prunus padus, Prunus spinosa, Prunus tenerirugosa (21222) | |
| Late/Upper Hemphillian | USA (California) | Prunus turlockensis (35271) | |
| Messinian - Zanclean | Germany (Sachsen) | Prunus tenerirugosa (27277) | |
| Pliocene | USA (Nevada) | Prunus moragensis (35908 35922) | |
| Pliocene | China (Hunan) | Prunus sp. (223822) | |
| Zanclean - Piacenzian | Germany (Thuringia) | Prunus sp. (22771) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | Italy (Umbria) | Prunus sp. (51757) | |
| Piacenzian - Zanclean | Germany (North Rhine) | Prunus sp., Prunus spinosa (28197) | |
| Piacenzian | Germany (Thuringia) | Prunus fruticosa (22778) Prunus spinosa (22779) | |
| Piacenzian | Germany (Thuringen) | Prunus sp. (22783) | |
| Pleistocene | India (Kashmir) | Prunus cerasoides (224612) Prunus sp. (224751) Prunus sp., Prunus cornuta (224614) | |
| Calabrian | Tanzania | Prunus africana (22337) | |
| Holocene | India (Himachal Pradesh) | Prunus sp. (228764) | |
| Holocene | China (Inner Mongolia) | Prunus sp. (223943) |