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Zygolophodon turicensis

Mammalia - Proboscidea - Mammutidae

Taxonomy
Mastodon turicensis was named by Schintz (1824).

It was synonymized subjectively with Zygolophodon tapiroides by Madden (1980); it was recombined as Zygolophodon turicensis by Schinz (1824), Shoshani and Tassy (2005), Sanders et al. (2010) and Zhang et al. (2023).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
Z. lufengensis

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1824Mastodon turicensis Schintz
1824Zygolophodon turicensis Schinz
2005Zygolophodon turicensis Shoshani and Tassy p. 355 figs. Appendix C.1
2010Zygolophodon turicensis Sanders et al. p. 187
2023Zygolophodon turicensis Zhang et al. p. 144

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—AfrotheriaStanhope et al. 1998
—Tethytheria
orderProboscidea()
suborderElephantiformesTassy 1988
—ElephantimorphaTassy and Shoshani 1997
—MammutidaTassy and Shoshani 1997
familyMammutidaeHay 1922
genusZygolophodon(Vacek 1877)
speciesturicensis(Schintz 1824)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Zygolophodon turicensis Schintz 1824
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
X. X. Zhang et al. 2023The tooth loph(id)s are antero-posteriorly compressed with a sharp cutting edge in the fresh molar. The lophs of upper cheek teeth are perpendicular to the median sulcus, and the lophids of lower cheek teeth are oblique to the median sulcus. The anterior and posterior pretrite central conules are disappeared or very weak. In the fresh molars, the anterior and posterior pretrite crescentoids display fine serrated knobs, and exhibit thin crests after slight wear. The pretrite mesoconelets are also subdivided and crest-like. The posttrite half loph(id)s display a high degree of subdividing, and the zygodont crests are developed. The interloph(id)s are open, not obstructed by the crescentoids. The anterior and posterior pretrite crescentoids almost reach the bottom of the interloph(id)s. In lateral views, the loph(id)s are “Ʌ-shaped”, and the interloph(id)s are deep “V-shaped”.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: browserf
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-31 15:15:52
Modified: 2005-08-31 17:15:52
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Lambert and Shoshani 1998, Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the Langhian to the top of the MN 12 or 15.97000 to 7.24600 Ma

Collections (28 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Zygolophodon turicensis (197463)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333China (Shaanxi) Zygolophodon turicensis (230346)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333China (Nei Mongol) Zygolophodon turicensis (230291)
Burdigalian - Tortonian20.44 - 7.246France Zygolophodon turicensis (187580)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82France (Maine-et-Loire) Zygolophodon turicensis (148396)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82France Zygolophodon turicensis (148395)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Germany (Bavaria) Zygolophodon turicensis (34615)
MN 515.97 - 13.65France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) Zygolophodon turicensis (32071 32072)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) Zygolophodon pyrenaicus (32078)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62France (Midi-Pyrenees) Turicius turicensis (32191)
Middle Miocene - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62China (Hubei) Zygolophodon turicensis (42248)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608China (Nei Mongol) Zygolophodon turicensis (230292 230293)
Langhian - Tortonian15.97 - 7.246France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) Zygolophodon turicensis (31776)
Langhian - Tortonian15.97 - 7.246France (Maine-et-Loire) Zygolophodon turicensis (142149)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Moldova (Chișinău) Zygolophodon turicensis (210536)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Slovakia (Bratislava) Zygolophodon turicensis (58983)
MN 613.65 - 12.75Slovakia (Bratislava) Zygolophodon turicensis (69711)
MN 6 - MN 7 + 813.65 - 11.1Slovakia Zygolophodon turicensis (69712)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1Slovakia Zygolophodon turicensis (69715)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Moldova Mastodon turicensis (75802 75803)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Ukraine (Odessa) Mastodon turicensis (75794)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Greece (Aegean) Mastodon turicensis (202120)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Algeria Zygolophodon turicensis (34642)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Turkey Zygolophodon turicensis (214688)
MN 127.75 - 7.246Ukraine (Odessa) Zygolophodon turicensis (167995)