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Tethyshadros insularis
Taxonomy
Tethyshadros insularis was named by Dalla Vecchia (2009). Its type specimen is SC 57021, a skeleton (Complete articulated skeleton), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Villaggio del Pescatore, which is in a Campanian/Campanian lagoonal/restricted shallow subtidal limestone in the Aurisina Formation of Italy.
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 2009 | Tethyshadros insularis Dalla Vecchia p. 1100 figs. 1-7 |
| 2010 | Tethyshadros insularis McDonald et al. p. 33 fig. 39 |
| 2010 | Tethyshadros insularis Prieto-Márquez p. 5 fig. 2 |
| 2011 | Tethyshadros insularis Prieto-Márquez p. 63 |
| 2011 | Tethyshadros insularis Wang et al. p. 138 |
| 2012 | Tethyshadros insularis Prieto-Márquez p. 529 |
| 2012 | Tethyshadros insularis Ramírez-Velasco et al. p. 390 |
| 2013 | Tethyshadros insularis Gasca et al. p. 72 |
| 2013 | Tethyshadros insularis Zheng et al. |
| 2014 | Tethyshadros insularis Dalla Vecchia p. 270 |
| 2014 | Tethyshadros insularis Sellés et al. p. 725 |
| 2014 | Tethyshadros insularis Tsogtbaatar et al. p. 115 |
| 2014 | Tethyshadros insularis Xing et al. p. 1816 |
| 2015 | Tethyshadros insularis Blanco et al. p. 447 |
| 2015 | Tethyshadros insularis Company et al. p. 78 |
| 2015 | Tethyshadros insularis Ohashi et al. p. 3 |
| 2016 | Tethyshadros insularis Prieto-Márquez et al. p. 6 |
| 2017 | Tethyshadros insularis Bertozzo et al. p. 20 |
| 2017 | Tethyshadros insularis Cruzado-Caballero and Powell p. 12 fig. 13 |
| 2018 | Tethyshadros insularis Fondevilla et al. p. 1 |
| 2020 | Tethyshadros insularis Dalla Vecchia p. 584 |
| 2020 | Tethyshadros insularis Solt et al. p. 19 |
| 2021 | Tethyshadros insularis Chiarenza et al. p. 4–5 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Tethyshadros insularis Dalla Vecchia 2009
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Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| A. A. Chiarenza et al. 2021 | Here we reformulate the diagnosis for this taxon based on the seven recently discovered articulated skeletons attributed to Tethyshadros collected at the type locality. Newly identified unique characters are highlighted with an asterisk (*). Tethyshadros insularis is a non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid dinosaur characterised by the following autapomorphies: proximalmost caudal centra (Fig. S11) are anteroposteriorly longer than dorsoventrally tall, apart from the 3rd and 4th centra*; distal caudal centra transition to becoming more elongated and cylindrical (Figs. S12, S13) in shape halfway through the caudal series (between caudal 23rd–33rd)*; apically broad neural spines in lateral view: haemal arch shape in lateral view vary from rod-like to boot- like to bilobate along the caudal series; flat distal articular end of metacarpals; only two phalanges in manual digit IV, distal one very reduced (lost phalanx 2 of other hadrosauriforms).
In addition to these apomorphic traits, T. insularis can be further differentiated from other closely related hadrosauroids in the following cranial characters noted here for the first time: thickening of the anterior process of the postorbital less marked than in saurolophine hadrosaurs and slightly more pronounced than in Levnesovia and Sirindhorna. Basitubera round and prominent, like in Eolambia and Levnesovia rather than the more diminutive processes in later diverging hadrosauroids like Acristavus, Brachylophosaurus, Edmontosaurus and Parasaurolophus. Robust exoccipital processes arched caudolaterally, reaching a ventral depth in their distal ends that terminates above the foramen magnum, closer to the condition in Eotrachodon and Edmontosaurus rather than to the lower, more ventral extent reached by the exoccipital processes in taxa like Jintasaurus, Levnesovia, Eolambia and Parasaurolophus. Basipterygoid processes dorsoventrally long, anteroposteriorly short and slender with slightly expanded and round articular ends, as in the medially deep basisphenoid recess of Levnesovia but differently from Edmontosaurus, Probrachylophosaurus and other hadrosaurids. Two slit-like, ovoidal in shape and approximately equal in size exits for cranial nerves X and XI, comparable to those in earlier diverging hadrosauriforms like Levnesovia, but different from the larger and more circular in shape foramina of hadrosaurids. Shallow anteroposteriorly directed ridge running parsagitattally through the dorsal half of the prootic and extending to the exoccipital process, similarly to Levnesovia and Lophorhothon but different from the deeper, thicker process in Edmontosaurus. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
| References: Benton 1983, Marsh 1875 | |||||
Age range: base of the Early/Lower Campanian to the top of the Middle Campanian or 83.50000 to 70.60000 Ma
Collections: one only
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian | Italy (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) | Hadrosauridae indet. (type locality: 13286) |