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Brachidontes

Bivalvia - Mytilida - Mytilidae

Taxonomy
Brachidontes was named by Swainson (1840) [Sepkoski's age data: J l R]. It is extant.

It was reranked as Modiola (Brachidontes) by Whiteaves (1885); it was reranked as Volsella (Brachidontes) by Russell and Landes (1937); it was misspelled as Modiolus (Brachydontes) by Dall (1898), Popenoe (1937), Dartevelle and Freneix (1957), Vokes (1980), Dockery (1982), Moore (1983), Squires (1984), Ward and Blackwelder (1987), Squires (1987), Squires (1988), Gordillo (1991), Lamprell and Healy (1998), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999), Todd (2001), Sepkoski (2002), Rosenberg (2005), El Qot (2006), Mikkelsen (2006), Bouchet et al. (2010) and Devries (2019).

It was assigned to Modiola by Whiteaves (1885); to Modiolus by Dall (1898); to Volsella by Russell and Landes (1937); to Mytiloida by Sepkoski (2002); to Mytilinae by Dockery (1982), Moore (1983) and Rosenberg (2005); to Brachidontinae by Bouchet et al. (2010); and to Mytilidae by Popenoe (1937), Dartevelle and Freneix (1957), Vokes (1980), Squires (1984), Ward and Blackwelder (1987), Squires (1987), Squires (1988), Gordillo (1991), Lamprell and Healy (1998), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999), Todd (2001), El Qot (2006), Mikkelsen (2006) and Devries (2019).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1840Brachidontes Swainson
1885Modiola (Brachidontes) Whiteaves p. 37
1898Modiolus (Brachydontes) Dall p. 796
1937Brachidontes Popenoe p. 383
1937Volsella (Brachidontes) Russell and Landes p. 145
1957Brachyodontes Dartevelle and Freneix p. 48
1980Brachidontes Vokes p. 23
1982Brachidontes Dockery p. 36
1983Brachidontes Moore p. A66
1984Brachidontes Squires p. 42
1987Brachidontes Squires p. 56
1987Brachidontes Ward and Blackwelder p. 129
1988Brachidontes Squires p. 18
1991Brachidontes Gordillo p. 129
1998Brachidontes Lamprell and Healy p. 78
1999Brachidontes Frassinetti and Covacevich p. 21
2001Brachidontes Todd
2002Brachidontes Sepkoski
2005Brachidontes Rosenberg
2006Brachidontes El Qot p. 18
2006Brachidontes Mikkelsen
2010Brachidontes Bouchet et al.
2019Brachidontes Devries p. 8

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
RankNameAuthor
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassPteriomorphia(Beurlen 1944)
—MytilomorphiFerussac 1822
orderMytilida(Rafinesque 1815)
superfamilyMytiloideaRafinesque 1815
familyMytilidaeRafinesque 1815
subfamilyMytilinaeRafinesque 1815
genusBrachidontesSwainson 1840

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Brachidontes Swainson 1840
show all | hide all
Subg. †Brachidontes (Arcomytilus) Agassiz 1842
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†Brachidontes (Arcomytilus) bathonicus Morris and Lycett 1853
Subg. Brachidontes (Austromytilus) Laseron 1956
Subg. Brachidontes (Brachidontes) Swainson 1840
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Invalid names: Mytilus dichotomus Cooper 1894 [replaced]
†Brachidontes (Brachidontes) cowlitzensis Weaver and Van Winkle Palmer 1922
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Invalid names: Modiola ornata Gabb 1864 [synonym]
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Invalid names: Mytilus stearnsii Pilsbry and Raymond 1898 [synonym]
†Brachidontes alabamensis Aldrich 1895
†Brachidontes alabamiensis Aldrich 1895
†Brachidontes andinus Ortmann 1900
†Brachidontes bifurcatus Popenoe 1937
Brachidontes exustus Linnaeus 1758
Brachidontes modiolus Linnaeus 1767
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Invalid names: Mytilus citrinus Röding 1798 [synonym], Mytilus cubitus Say 1822 [synonym]
†Brachidontes ornatissimus d'Orbigny 1844
†Brachidontes pectinatus Lemarck 1801
†Brachidontes toechophora Boettger 1883
†Brachyodontes charmesi Thomas and Peron 1890
†Brachyodontes convolutus von Koenen 1897
†Modiolus (Brachydontes) olequahensis Weaver and Van Winkle Palmer 1922
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmean
height112.4

Composition: aragoniteg
Entire body: yesf
Adult length: 10 to < 100f
Adult width: 10 to < 100f
Adult height: 10 to < 100f
Thickness: intermediatef
Folds: nonef
Ribbing: minorf
Spines: nonef
Internal reinforcement: nonef
Ontogeny: accretionf
Environment: lagoonal, coastal, inner shelf, outer shelf, oceanic, brackish, freshwaterf
Locomotion: stationaryg
Attached: yesg
Life habit: epifaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: blindc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: WN/EP/SI, MA/SE, BA, SU according to Todd (2001).g
Created: 2007-11-26 08:33:37
Modified: 2009-08-18 19:39:33
Source: g = genus, f = family, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Angulata to the top of the Holocene or 201.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 196.5 Ma

Collections (450 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Angulata201.3 - 196.5France (Lorraine) Mytilus dichotomus (53947)
Bathonian168.3 - 166.1Kenya B. asper (36457)
Bathonian - Callovian168.3 - 163.5Kenya B. sp. (36458)
Middle Bathonian167.7 - 164.7France (Champagne-Ardenne) B. asper (96166)
Middle Bathonian - Late/Upper Bathonian167.7 - 164.7France (Picardie) B. bathonicus (96159)
Callovian166.1 - 163.5Kenya B. asper (36468)
Callovian166.1 - 163.5Yemen (Wadi Hajar) B. somalicus (2558 2562 2587 2589 2600 2601 2603 2604 2605 2607 2608 2610)
Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian157.3 - 145.0Tanzania B. subpectinatus (35570)
Middle Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Germany B. couloni (13399 13400 13401)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0United Kingdom (England) B. vectiensis (1747)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0New Zealand B. sp. (83426)
Aptian - Albian125.0 - 100.5Brazil (Pernambuco) B. araripensis (235054)
Aptian - Albian125.0 - 100.5Brazil (Ceará) B. araripensis (235049 235051 235052)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 122.46Japan B. pyriformis (67145)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 122.46United Kingdom (England) B. vectiensis (235315)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Japan B. mashikensis (123133 123134 123156 123165)
Albian113.0 - 100.5USA (Kansas) B. nonbifurcus (1999 2048)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Canada (Alberta) B. tenuisculpta, B. fulpensis (87568)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Texas) B. arlingtonanus (6648) B. arlingtonanus, B. filisculptus microcostae, B. fulpensis (6492) B. filisculptus (4637 4640 4642 4646 4650 4657 4658 4659 6474 6481 6486 6488 6493 6509 6516 6523 6531 6535 6537 6539 6543 6544 6548 6555 6562 6578 6583 6647) B. filisculptus microcostae (6471 6487) B. filisculptus, B. filisculptus microcostae (6525 6527 6529 6530 6534) B. filisculptus, B. fulpensis (6480) B. fulpensis (4638 4649 4656 4660 6473 6475 6476 6482 6576 6577 6618 6630)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Jordan B. fulpensis (154969)