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Apodida
Taxonomy
Apodida was named by Brandt (1835). It is extant.
It was corrected as Apoda by Schlumberger (1890).
It was assigned to Apodacea by Pawson (1966) and Frizzell and Exline (1966); and to Holothuroidea by Schlumberger (1890), Gilliland (1992), Gilliland (1993), Boczarowski (2001), Kerr and Kim (2001), Reich (2002), Sepkoski (2002) and Kozur and Mostler (2008).
It was corrected as Apoda by Schlumberger (1890).
It was assigned to Apodacea by Pawson (1966) and Frizzell and Exline (1966); and to Holothuroidea by Schlumberger (1890), Gilliland (1992), Gilliland (1993), Boczarowski (2001), Kerr and Kim (2001), Reich (2002), Sepkoski (2002) and Kozur and Mostler (2008).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1835 | Apodida Brandt |
| 1890 | Apoda Schlumberger p. 193 |
| 1966 | Apodida Frizzell and Exline p. U645 |
| 1966 | Apodida Pawson p. U645 |
| 1992 | Apodida Gilliland p. 189 |
| 1993 | Apodida Gilliland p. 136 |
| 2001 | Apodida Boczarowski p. 153 |
| 2001 | Apodida Kerr and Kim p. 78 |
| 2002 | Apodida Reich p. 380 |
| 2002 | Apodida Sepkoski |
| 2008 | Apodida Kozur and Mostler p. 110 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. Apodida Brandt 1835
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Fm. †Achistridae Frizzell and Exline 1955
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G. †Achistrum Etheridge 1881
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†Achistrum beckmanni Kozur and Mostler 1971
†Achistrum brevis Mostler 1971
†Achistrum brevis Gutschick 1959
†Achistrum coloculum Gutschick et al. 1967
†Achistrum frizzelli Langenheim and Epis 1957
†Achistrum gamma Hodson et al. 1956
†Achistrum issleri Croneis and McCormack 1932
†Achistrum longirostrum Mostler 1971
†Achistrum ludwigi Croneis and McCormack 1932
†Achistrum monochordata Hodson et al. 1956
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Invalid names: Achistrum bartensteini Frizzell and Exline 1955 [synonym], Achistrum bichordata Fletcher 1962 [synonym], Calcligula huckei Frizzell and Exline 1955 [synonym]
†Achistrum multiperforatum Beckmann 1965
†Achistrum nicholsoni Etheridge 1881
†Achistrum permianum Spandel 1898
†Achistrum pulchrum Kozur 1969
†Achistrum triassicum Frizzell and Exline 1955
†Achistrum tuto Boczarowski 2001
†Achistrum varicum Boczarowski 2001
Invalid names: Achistrum (Achistrum) Hampton 1958 [invalid subgroup], Achistrum (Aduncrum) Hampton 1958 [invalid subgroup], Achistrum (Cancellrum) Hampton 1958 [invalid subgroup], Achistrum (Spinrum) Hampton 1958 [invalid subgroup], Ancistrum Bather 1900 [synonym]
Fm. †Calcancoridae Frizzell and Exline 1955
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G. †Costigerites Deflandre-Rigaud 1962
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Costigerites indicus Soodan 1991
†Costigerites piveteaui Deflandre-Rigaud 1962
Fm. Chiridotidae Ostergren 1898
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G. Theelia Schlumberger 1890
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†Theelia alta Speckmann 1968
†Theelia alveata Mostler and Rahimi-Yazd 1976
†Theelia anguinea Mostler 1971
†Theelia conglobata Mostler 1971
†Theelia crassidentata Deflandre-Rigaud 1950
†Theelia dentata Górka and Luszczewska 1969
†Theelia doreckae Kozur and Mostler 1971
†Theelia dzhulfaensis Mostler and Rahimi-Yazd 1976
†Theelia fastigata Mostler 1972
†Theelia fissa Mostler 1971
†Theelia florida Frizzell and Exline 1955
†Theelia guembeli Kristan-Tollmann 1963
†Theelia hexacneme Summerson and Campbell 1958
†Theelia immissorbicula Mostler 1968
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Invalid names: Theelia subcirculata Mostler 1968 [synonym], Theelia thalattocanthoides Mostler 1968 [synonym]
†Theelia koeveskalensis Kozur and Mostler 1971
†Theelia kutscheri Reich 2003
†Theelia lata Kozur and Mostler 1971
†Theelia latimarginata Mostler 1971
†Theelia liassica Krainer and Mostler 1997
†Theelia liptovskaensis Gazdzicki et al. 1978
†Theelia loferensis Mostler 1994
†Theelia mesopermiana Kozur and Mostler 1989
†Theelia monicae Mostler and Rahimi-Yazd 1976
†Theelia mortenseni Deflandre-Rigaud 1950
†Theelia multiplex Speckmann 1968
†Theelia multiundulata Mostler 1994
†Theelia norica Mostler 1969
†Theelia petasiformis Kristan-Tolmann 1964
†Theelia planata Mostler 1968
†Theelia polydenticulata Mostler and Parwin 1973
†Theelia praeacuta Mostler and Rahimi-Yazd 1976
†Theelia praenorica Kozur and Mock 1972
†Theelia praeseniradiata Kozur and Mock 1972
†Theelia pseudoplanata Kozur and Mock 1972
†Theelia seniradiata Zankl 1966
†Theelia serta Speckmann 1968
†Theelia sinaiensis Said and Barakat 1958
†Theelia speciosa Deflandre-Rigaud 1946
†Theelia staurolithensis Kristan-Tollmann 1972
†Theelia stellifera Zankl 1966
†Theelia stellifera bistellata Kozur and Mock 1972
†Theelia synapta Gilliland 1992
†Theelia teneromarginata Mostler 1971
†Theelia trammeri Gazdzicki et al. 1978
†Theelia undata Mostler 1968
†Theelia undulata Schlumberger 1888
†Theelia variabilis Zankl 1966
†Theelia variabilis slovakensis Kozur and Mock 1972
†Theelia wartensis Garbowska and Wierzbowski 1967
†Theelia zawidzkae Kozur and Mock 1972
G. †Holothuriopsis Hess 1973
Fm. Myriotrochidae Théel 1877
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G. †Acanthotheelia Frizzell and Exline 1955
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†Acanthotheelia angustiperforata Mostler 1971
†Acanthotheelia anisica Mostler 1968
†Acanthotheelia diffissa Mostler 1972
†Acanthotheelia helios Kozur and Mock 1972
†Acanthotheelia ladinica Kozur and Mostler 1971
†Acanthotheelia pseudospinosa Kozur and Mock 1972
†Acanthotheelia pulchra Kozur and Mock 1972
†Acanthotheelia rhaetica Kristan-Tolmann 1964
†Acanthotheelia spinosa Frizzell and Exline 1955
†Acanthotheelia triassica Speckmann 1968
†Acanthotheelia veghae Kozur and Mostler 1971
G. †Gagesiniotrochus Boczarowski 2001
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†Gagesiniotrochus astralis Boczarowski 2001
†Gagesiniotrochus billetti Boczarowski 2001
G. †Hemisphaeranthos Terquem and Berthelin 1875
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†Hemisphaeranthos costifera Terquem and Berthelin 1875
†Hemisphaeranthos frankei Müller 1912
†Hemisphaeranthos ogrodzieniecensis Górka and Luszczewska 1969
†Hemisphaeranthos simplex Müller 1964
Unr. †Paleochiridotidae Frizzell and Exline 1966
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G. †Paleochiridota Croneis and McCormack 1932
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†Paleochiridota plummerae Croneis and McCormack 1932
†Paleochiridota primaeva Etheridge 1881
†Paleochiridota radiata Croneis and McCormack 1932
†Paleochiridota robertsoni Etheridge 1881
†Paleochiridota terquemi Croneis and McCormack 1932
†Paleochiridota waylandensis Croneis and McCormack 1932
G. †Rotoides Gutschick et al. 1967
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†Rotoides imperforata Gutschick et al. 1967
†Rotoides tretomesota Gutschick et al. 1967
G. Myriotrochus Steenstrup 1851
G. †Porachistrum Beckmann 1965
Fm. Synaptidae Burmeister 1837
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G. Calcancora Frizzell and Exline 1955
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†Calcancora kistnai Jafar 1970
†Calcancora mississippiensis Frizzell and Exline 1955
†Calcancora venusta Reich and Wiese 2010
G. Chiridota Eschscholtz 1829
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†Cheirodota traquairii Etheridge 1881
†Chiridota atava Waagen 1867
†Chirodota vetusa Schwager 1865
G. †Prosynapta Spandel 1898
G. †Pseudocaudina Broili 1926
G. †Rigaudites Frizzell and Exline 1957
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†Rigaudites cuvillieri Deflandre-Rigaud 1949
†Rigaudites ernsti Reich and Wiese 2010
Rigaudites indicus Soodan 1977
Rigaudites rajui Soodan 1977
Rigaudites sastrii Soodan 1977
Rigaudites singhi Soodan 1977
Rigaudites subcircularia Soodan 1977
G. Synapta Eschscholtz 1829
Fm. †Synaptitidae Frizzell and Exline 1955
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G. †Auricularites Deflandre-Rigaud 1950
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†Auricularites arcuatus Deflandre-Rigaud 1950
†Auricularites parviradiatus Deflandre-Rigaud 1950
G. †Croneisites Frizzell and Exline 1957
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†Croneisites insignis Kristan-Tollmann 1964
†Croneisites laevigatus Schlumberger 1890
†Croneisites oligocaenicus Spandel 1900
†Croneisites polonicus Górka and Luszczewska 1969
G. Synaptites Deflandre and Deflandre-Rigaud 1948
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†Synaptites circularis Schlumberger 1890
†Synaptites cunninghami Deflandre-Rigaud 1949
†Synaptites eocenus Schlumberger 1888
†Synaptites renifer Schlumberger 1890
†Synaptites stueri Schlumberger 1890
†Synaptites truncatus Schlumberger 1890
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available