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Placuna

Bivalvia - Pectinida - Placunidae

Taxonomy
Placuna was named by Lightfoot (1786) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 914]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Anomiidae by Vokes (1980); to Pterioida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Placunidae by Lamprell and Whitehead (1992), Rosenberg et al. (2006) and Bouchet et al. (2010).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1786Placuna Lightfoot p. 16
1788Placenta Philipsson p. 15
1935Placenta Oostingh p. 157
1980Placuna Vokes p. 60
1992Placuna Lamprell and Whitehead p. 34
2002Placuna Sepkoski
2006Placuna Rosenberg et al.
2010Placenta Bouchet et al.
2010Placuna Bouchet et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassPteriomorphia(Beurlen 1944)
RankNameAuthor
—OstreomorphiFerussac 1822
—OstreioniFerussac 1822
—OstreataFerussac 1822
superorderOstreiformiiFerussac 1822
orderPectinida(Gray 1854)
suborderAnomiidinaGray 1854
—AnomioideiGray 1854
—AnomioiteiGray 1854
superfamilyAnomioideaRafinesque 1815
familyPlacunidaeGray 1842
genusPlacunaLightfoot 1786

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Placuna Lightfoot 1786
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Subg. Placuna (Ephippium) Röding 1798
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Invalid names: Anomia sella Gmelin 1791 [synonym], Ephippium polonicum Röding 1798 [synonym], Placuna papyracea Lamarck 1819 [synonym], Placuna quadrangula Philipsson 1788 [synonym]
Subg. Placuna (Placuna) Lightfoot 1786
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Invalid names: Ephippium transparens Röding 1798 [synonym], Placuna orbicularis Philipsson 1788 [synonym], Placuna ovalis Blainville 1826 [synonym]
†Placuna iranica Vredenburg 1924
Invalid names: Placenta Philipsson 1788 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calciteo
Composition 2: aragoniteo
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: stationaryf
Attached: yesf
Life habit: epifaunalf
Diet: suspension feederf
Vision: blindc
Created: 2009-08-18 18:14:53
Modified: 2009-08-18 20:14:53
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Burdigalian to the top of the Holocene or 20.44000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 15.97 Ma

Collections (32 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Aquitanian - Burdigalian23.03 - 15.97Libya P. miocenica (42130)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97India Placenta lamellata (72033)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97India P. sp. (111230)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Sri Lanka (Puttalam) P. sp. (14149)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Indonesia (Borneo) P. ephippium, P. quadrangula (42311)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Philippines P. quadriangularis (70138)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Indonesia P. ephippium (70078) P. placenta (70103)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal) P. anomala (41473)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Philippines (Bulacan) P. quadriangularis (96677)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Indonesia Placenta ephippium (84517 84523) Placenta mandirantjanensis (84529) Placenta mandirantjanensis, Placenta ephippium (84532) Placenta placenta (84521) Placenta placenta, Placenta ephippium (84527) Placenta placenta, Placenta mandirantjanensis, Placenta ephippium (84520 84533) P. placenta (70087 70089 70090 70110)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Pakistan Placenta iranica (77295)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Papua New Guinea Placenta orbicularis (78263)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Malaysia Placenta ephippium (72092 72093 72096 72098 72105)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Indonesia P. placenta (70079)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.774 - 0.0117Iran P. sp. (164152)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Thailand P. placenta (67930)