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Platypterygius australis
Taxonomy
Ichthyosaurus australis was named by McCoy (1867) [Original holotype lost, Neotype (MV P12989) designated by Zammit]. Its type specimen is MV P12989 and is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Hamuri Bluff, which is in a Campanian basinal (siliciclastic) sandstone in the Conway Formation of New Zealand.
It was recombined as Myopterygius australis by Teichert and Matheson (1944); it was considered a nomen dubium by Kear (2003); it was recombined as Platypterygius australis by McGowan (1972), Fordyce (1991), McGowan and Motani (2003), Maisch (2010), Zammit (2010), Fischer et al. (2013), Arkhangelsky and Zverkov (2014) and Ji et al. (2016).
It was recombined as Myopterygius australis by Teichert and Matheson (1944); it was considered a nomen dubium by Kear (2003); it was recombined as Platypterygius australis by McGowan (1972), Fordyce (1991), McGowan and Motani (2003), Maisch (2010), Zammit (2010), Fischer et al. (2013), Arkhangelsky and Zverkov (2014) and Ji et al. (2016).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1867 | Ichthyosaurus australis McCoy |
| 1874 | Ichthyosaurus australis Hector p. 355 |
| 1889 | Ichthyosaurus australis Lydekker p. 113 |
| 1892 | Ichthyosaurus australis Jack and Etheridge p. 413 |
| 1944 | Myopterygius australis Teichert and Matheson p. 169 figs. 1-3 |
| 1972 | Platypterygius australis McGowan p. 17 figs. Pls. 3, 4 |
| 1990 | Platypterygius longmani Wade |
| 1991 | Platypterygius australis Fordyce p. 1173 |
| 2003 | Platypterygius longmani Kear p. 284 figs. 2, 3A-C |
| 2003 | Platypterygius australis McGowan and Motani |
| 2006 | Platypterygius longmani Scanlon p. 282 |
| 2010 | Platypterygius australis Maisch |
| 2010 | Platypterygius australis Zammit p. 7 |
| 2013 | Platypterygius australis Fischer et al. |
| 2014 | Platypterygius australis Arkhangelsky and Zverkov |
| 2016 | Platypterygius australis Ji et al. p. 13 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Platypterygius australis McCoy 1867
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Invalid names: Myopterygius australis McCoy 1867 [synonym], Myopterygius marathonensis Etheridge 1888 [synonym], Platypterygius longmani Wade 1990 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| B. P. Kear 2003 (Platypterygius longmani) | "The following diagnosis is modified from Wade (1990). With the features of the genus. External naris subdivided with well-developed anterior foramen and one or more foramina present (in nasal) posterodorsal to external bony nasal opening. Humerus (Fig. 2B, C) bearing tapering crest-like dorsal trochanter (Choo, 1999) and three distinct distal facets for articulation with the ulna, radius and an anterior zeugopodial element. Three preaxial accessory digits and three postaxial accessory digits present in forefin with digital bifurcation occurring in the primary axis (digit IV, Fig. 2D). Neural spines of at least neck and anterior trunk vertebra divided into anterior and posterior peaks by an asymmetric V-shaped apical notch. Caudal centra from tail stock region may bear weakly developed haemal arch facets (Kear, 2002a)." | |
| M. Zammit 2010 | "Large ichthyosaur, around 7 m long. Maxilla with extensive external exposure; forms the entire ventral portion of both the anterior maxillary foramen and the bony nasal aperture. Maxilla also has a minor internal contact with the prefrontal via its posterodorsal surface. Lacrimal does not contribute to the border of the bony nasal aperture. Prefrontal with minor internal contribution to the bony nasal aperture. External naris subdivided with well-developed anterior foramen and one or more foramina present (in nasal) posterodorsal to external bony nasal opening. Parietal contributes to the facet for the paroccipital process of the opisthotic on the supratemporal. Humerus bearing tapered crest-like dorsal trochanter and three distinct distal facets for articulation with the ulna, radius and an anterior zeugopodial element. Fourth distal facet sporadically present on humerus for articulation with pisiform. Three preaxial accessory digits and three postaxial accessory digits present in forelimb with digital bifurcation occurring in the primary axis (digit IV). Neural spines of at least neck and anterior trunk vertebrae divided into anterior and posterior peaks by an asymmetric V-shaped apical notch. Caudal centra from tail stock region may bear weakly developed hemal arch facets." |