PBDB Taxon

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Anaschisma browni

Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Metoposauridae

Taxonomy

Anaschisma browni was named by Branson (1905). Its type specimen is FMNH UC 447, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Willow Creek, which is in a Carnian terrestrial horizon in the Popo Agie Formation of Wyoming.

It was synonymized subjectively with Eupelor durus by Colbert and Imbrie (1956); it was recombined as Metoposaurus browni by Chowdhury (1965); it was considered a nomen dubium by Hunt (1993) and Schoch and Milner (2000).

Synonyms

Buettneria perfecta was named by Case (1922). Its type specimen is UMMP 7475, a skull (Complete skull), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Sand Creek breaks, which is in a Carnian/Norian crevasse splay mudstone in the Tecovas Formation of Texas. It is the type species of Buettneria.

It was synonymized subjectively with Eupelor durus by Colbert and Imbrie (1956); it was recombined as Koskinonodon perfectus by Mueller (2007); it was synonymized subjectively with Anaschisma browni by Gee et al. (2020).
Koskinonodon princeps was named by Branson and Mehl (1929). Its type specimen is UM VP 537, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Bull Lake Creek, which is in a Carnian terrestrial horizon in the Popo Agie Formation of Wyoming.

It was synonymized subjectively with Eupelor durus by Colbert and Imbrie (1956); it was synonymized subjectively with Metoposaurus browni by Chowdhury (1965); it was synonymized subjectively with Buettneria perfecta by Hunt (1993), Long and Murry (1995) and Schoch and Milner (2000).
Borborophagus wyomingensis was named by Branson and Mehl (1929). Its type specimen is UM VP 517, a skull (Complete skull), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Sage Creek locality, Univ. Missouri, 1927, which is in a Carnian terrestrial horizon in the Popo Agie Formation of Wyoming.

It was synonymized subjectively with Eupelor durus by Colbert and Imbrie (1956); it was synonymized subjectively with Metoposaurus browni by Chowdhury (1965); it was synonymized subjectively with Buettneria perfecta by Hunt (1993), Long and Murry (1995) and Schoch and Milner (2000); it was synonymized subjectively with Anaschisma browni by Gee et al. (2020).
Kalamoiketer pinkleyi was named by Branson and Mehl (1929). Its type specimen is UM 554VP, a partial skull, and it is not a trace fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Eupelor durus by Colbert and Imbrie (1956); it was synonymized subjectively with Buettneria perfecta by Long and Murry (1995).
Buettneria howardensis was named by Sawin (1944). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Otis Chalk Quarry 3, TMM 31100, which is in a Carnian/Norian crevasse splay mudstone in the Colorado City Formation of Texas.

It was synonymized subjectively with Metoposaurus fraasi by Chowdhury (1965); it was synonymized subjectively with Buettneria perfecta by Long and Murry (1995).
Buettneria calgariensis was named by Green (1954).

It was synonymized subjectively with Buettneria perfecta by Long and Murry (1995).
Anaschisma brachygnatha was named by Branson (1905). Its type specimen is FMNH UC 448, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Willow Creek, which is in a Carnian terrestrial horizon in the Popo Agie Formation of Wyoming.

It was synonymized subjectively with Metoposaurus browni by Chowdhury (1965); it was considered a nomen dubium by Hunt (1993) and Schoch and Milner (2000); it was synonymized subjectively with Anaschisma browni by Gee et al. (2020).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1905	Anaschisma brachygnatha Branson
1905	Anaschisma browni Branson
1905	Anaschisma brachygnatha Branson p. 588
1922	Buettneria perfecta Case p. 13 figs. 1-6; Pl. 1-4
1929	Kalamoiketer pinkleyi Branson and Mehl
1929	Koskinonodon princeps Branson and Mehl p. 51 figs. 8-9
1929	Borborophagus wyomingensis Branson and Mehl p. 65 fig. 10
1944	Buettneria howardensis Sawin p. 361
1954	Buettneria calgariensis Green
1965	Metoposaurus browni Chowdhury p. 42
1995	Buettneria perfecta Long and Murry
2007	Koskinonodon perfectus Mueller p. 225
2020	Anaschisma browni Gee et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
class	Amphibia

Rank	Name	Author
order	Temnospondyli	()
—	Eutemnospondyli
—	Rhachitomi	()
—	Eryopiformes
—	Stereospondylomorpha
—	Stereospondyli	()
—	Superstes
—	Trematosauria
superfamily	Trematosauroidea
family	Metoposauridae
genus	Anaschisma
species	browni

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Anaschisma browni Branson 1905

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Invalid names: Anaschisma brachygnatha Branson 1905 [synonym], Borborophagus wyomingensis Branson and Mehl 1929 [synonym], Koskinonodon perfectus Case 1922 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

brackish, freshwater, terrestrialuc

Locomotion:

actively mobilesubo

Life habit:

amphibioussubo

Diet:

carnivoresubo

Dispersal:

waterc

Created:

2009-07-20 21:44:54

Modified:

2009-07-20 23:44:54

Source: subo = suborder, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Carroll 1988, Uhen 2004, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Carnian to the top of the Norian or 237.00000 to 208.50000 Ma

Collections (69 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Carnian	237.0 - 228.0	USA (Texas)	Metoposaurus sp. (84271)
Carnian	237.0 - 228.0	USA (New Mexico)	Metoposaurus fraasi (22718)
Carnian	237.0 - 228.0	USA (Wyoming)	Anaschisma browni, Anaschisma brachygnatha (type locality: 91900) Borborophagus wyomingensis (91566 91568) Koskinonodon princeps (91532)
Carnian - Norian	237.0 - 208.5	USA (Texas)	Buettneria bakeri (12942) Buettneria howardensis (22704) Buettneria perfecta (71980 71982) Buettneria sp. (22706 22707 98596)
Norian	228.0 - 208.5	USA (Texas)	Buettneria perfecta (94493)
Norian	228.0 - 208.5	USA (Arizona)	Buettneria perfecta (39160 52499 52500 52501 52502 57683 84264 92322 92819 92821 92826 92910 92911 92912 92913 92922 92928 92929 92933 93111 93112 93113 93115 93116 93118 93123 93125 93131 93133 93135 93227 93229 93230 93232 93351 93352 93354 93356 93357 93360 93361 93363 93364 93428 93430 93432 93460 93473 93541 93569 93571) Koskinonodon perfectus (92811) Metoposaurus fraasi (48547) Placerias gigas, Metoposaurus sp. (39219)
Norian	228.0 - 208.5	USA (Pennsylvania)	Buettneria perfecta (105836)