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Cyclocardia

Bivalvia - Carditida - Carditidae

Taxonomy
Cyclocardia was named by Conrad (1867) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-m R]. It is extant. Its type is Cardita borealis.

It was reranked as Venericardia (Cyclocardia) by Dall (1903), Durham (1944) and Uozumi (1955); it was reranked as Cardita (Cyclocardia) by Clark and Durham (1946).

It was assigned to Cardita by Clark and Durham (1946); to Venericardia by Dall (1903), Durham (1944) and Uozumi (1955); to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002); to Venericardiinae by Beu et al. (1990) and Matsubara (2002); to Carditinae by Coan and Valentich-Scott (2012); to Carditamerinae by Cox et al. (1969), Moore (1976), Vokes (1980), Ward (1992) and Hickman (2015); and to Carditidae by Ward and Blackwelder (1987), Moore (1992), Lamprell and Healy (1998), Wienrich (1999), Nielson and Valdovinos (2008) and Pérez and Giachetti (2020).

Species
Cardita (Cyclocardia) steinkei, C. (Arcturellina), C. (Cyclocardia), C. (Plionema), C. (Scalaricardita), C. (Vimentum), C. abesinaiensis, C. akagii, C. borealis, C. castor, C. castrana, C. christiei, C. compressa, C. dodairensis, C. granulata, C. hannai, C. hannibali, C. kurilensis, C. mesembria, C. moniligena, C. novangliae, C. pseutella, C. spurca, C. subtenta (syn. Venericardia chehalisensis), C. terryi, C. tokunagai, C. trentensis, C. velutinus (syn. Cardita volckmanni), C. yoshidai, C. zuliana, Venericardia (Cyclocardia) ferruginea, Venericardia (Cyclocardia) harukii, Venericardia (Cyclocardia) otatsumei, Venericardia (Cyclocardia) yokoyamai
Species lacking formal opinion data
Cardita subnipponica, C. antiqua, C. belogolovensis, C. erimoensis, C. ezoensis, C. hamiltonensis, C. kickxi, C. kovatschensis, C. longini, C. orientalis, C. ottonis, C. pilvoensis, C. poronaiensis, C. praeruptensis, C. roundiformis, C. subnipponica, C. tokudai, C. wajampolkensis, C. yakatagensis, Venericardia vestitoides

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1867Cyclocardia Conrad
1903Venericardia (Cyclocardia) Dall p. 1431
1944Venericardia (Cyclocardia) Durham p. 143
1946Cardita (Cyclocardia) Clark and Durham p. 56
1955Venericardia (Cyclocardia) Uozumi p. 76
1969Cyclocardia Cox et al. p. N551
1976Cyclocardia Moore p. 45
1980Cyclocardia Vokes p. 118
1987Cyclocardia Ward and Blackwelder p. 130
1990Cyclocardia Beu et al. p. 398
1992Cyclocardia Moore p. 12
1992Cyclocardia Ward p. 81
1998Cyclocardia Lamprell and Healy p. 240
1999Cyclocardia Wienrich p. 235
2002Cyclocardia Matsubara p. 140
2002Cyclocardia Sepkoski
2008Cyclocardia Nielson and Valdovinos p. 206
2012Cyclocardia Coan and Valentich-Scott p. 381
2015Cyclocardia Hickman p. 6
2020Cyclocardia Pérez and Giachetti p. 12

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
RankNameAuthor
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
—CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
—CarditioniDall 1889
orderCarditida(Dall 1889)
superfamilyCrassatelloidea(Férussac 1822)
familyCarditidaeFleming 1820
genusCyclocardiaConrad 1867

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Cyclocardia Conrad 1867
show all | hide all
†Cardita (Cyclocardia) steinkei Clark and Durham 1946
Subg. Cyclocardia (Vimentum) Iredale 1925
+
†Vimentum calva Tate 1887
†Cyclocardia akagii Kanehara 1937
†Cyclocardia castor Dall 1909
†Cyclocardia castrana Glenn 1904
†Cyclocardia christiei Marwick 1929
†Cyclocardia dodairensis Hatai and Nisiyama 1952
†Cyclocardia hannai Tegland 1933
†Cyclocardia hannibali Clark 1925
†Cyclocardia kurilensis Savisky 1981
†Cyclocardia mesembria Stilwell and Zinsmeister 1992
†Cyclocardia moniligena Hickman 2015
†Cyclocardia pseutella Marwick 1929
Cyclocardia spurca Sowerby 1833
†Cyclocardia subtenta Conrad 1849
+
Invalid names: Venericardia chehalisensis Weaver 1912 [synonym]
†Cyclocardia terryi Olsson 1922
†Cyclocardia tokunagai Yokoyama 1924
+
Invalid names: Cardita volckmanni Philippi 1887 [synonym]
†Cyclocardia yoshidai Nagao 1928
†Cyclocardia zuliana Hodson 1929
†Venericardia (Cyclocardia) harukii Oyama and Mizuno 1958
†Venericardia (Cyclocardia) yokoyamai Oyama and Mizuno 1958
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
D. E. Pérez and L. M. Giachetti 2020Carditids with small to medium-sized shell with rounded outline. Umbo slightly rounded. Right anterior tooth small, middle tooth very curved and broad. Left anterior tooth large and posterior tooth strongly curved. External sculpture of 15–23 entire and smooth radial ribs that are very low and rarely covered by small subcircular or subrectangular nodes. Periostracum coarse and hirsute in living species (modified from Perez & del Rıo 2017, p. 57).
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitesuperf
Environment: marinesuperf
Locomotion: facultatively mobileg
Life habit: semi-infaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: blindsuperf
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: SI/IA, MA, UN, SU according to Todd (2001).g
Created: 2009-07-05 09:36:22
Modified: 2009-09-09 09:22:15
Source: g = genus, superf = superfamily
References: Todd 2001, Sanchez Roig 1926

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Cenomanian to the top of the Holocene or 99.60000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma

Collections (446 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9United Arab Emirates C. gamali (3790 3791)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Mozambique C. sp. (174799)
Late/Upper Coniacian - Early/Lower Campanian89.3 - 70.6Italy (Veneto) C. ottonis (142756)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Belgium Venericardia sulcata (77608)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Saudi Arabia (Ash Sharqiyah) Cardita pulchra (42459)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8USA (Oregon) C. sp. (52271 52304)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3Antarctica C. mesembria (72405)
Early/Lower Eocene - Middle Eocene55.8 - 37.71United Kingdom (England) Venericardia elegans (3257 3258)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Japan (Hokkaido) Venericardia otatsumei (205061)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Japan Venericardia otatsumei (70900 70901)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3France (Yvelines) C. elegans (177970) C. elegans, C. pulchra (177971 177972)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Belgium Venericardia sulcata (77611)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3United Kingdom (England) Cardita elegans (8047) Venericardia elegans (8124 8125)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0Russian Federation C. ovraensis (50051)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71United Kingdom (England) Venericardia davidsoni (3265)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Japan (Hokkaido) C. ezoensis, C. pornaiensis, C. sp. (103769)
Lutetian - Priabonian47.8 - 33.9Russian Federation C. ezoensis (50136)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Antarctica (Seymour Island) C. mesembria (63552)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Oise) Venericardia sulcata, Venericardia davidsoni, Venericardia pulchra (3494)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Japan Venericardia yoshidai (70903)