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Exophytica

Insecta - Odonata

Taxonomy
Exophytica was named by Bechly (1996). It is extant.

It was assigned to Euanisoptera by Bechly et al. (1998), Ren et al. (2003) and Bechly (2007).

Subtaxa
Cavilabiata, Gomphides
Sister taxa
Cavilabiata, Gomphides

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1996Exophytica Bechly
1998Exophytica Bechly et al.
2003Exophytica Ren et al.
2007Exophytica Bechly

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Ecdysozoa
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
classInsecta
—Dicondylia
—Paranotalia
subclassPterygota()
infraclassHydropalaeopteraRohdendorf 1969
—Euhydropalaeoptera
—OdonatopteraMartynov 1932
—Palaeodonatoptera
—Plesiodonatoptera
—Apodonatoptera
—Paneodonatoptera
RankNameAuthor
—Neodonatoptera
—Euodonatoptera
—OdonatocladaBechly 1999
—Nodialata
—Discoidalia
—Stigmoptera
—Lobodonata
—Panodonata
orderOdonata
—Epiproctophora
—EuepiproctophoraBechly 1998
—Anisopteromorpha
—Trigonoptera
—Pananisoptera
—NeoanisopteraBechly 1998
suborderAnisopteraSelys-Longchamps and Hagen 1854
—Euanisoptera
—Exophytica
—Exophytica

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Exophytica Bechly 1996
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Unr. Cavilabiata Bechly 1996
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Unr. Chlorogomphida Bechly 1996
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Superfm. †Chlorogomphoidea Needham 1903
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Fm. †Araripechlorogomphidae Bechly and Ueda 2002
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G. †Araripechlorogomphus Bechly and Ueda 2002
Fm. †Mesochlorogomphidae Fleck et al. 2008
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G. †Hispanochlorogomphus Fleck et al. 2008
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†Hispanochlorogomphus rossi Fleck et al. 2008
G. †Mesochlorogomphus Fleck et al. 2008
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†Mesochlorogomphus crabbi Fleck et al. 2008
Unr. Cordulegastrida Bechly 1996
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Invalid names: Cordulegastridae Hagen 1875 [empty]
Fm. Cordulephyidae Tillyard 1917
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Subfm. †Neophyinae Tillyard and Fraser 1940
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G. Neophya Selys 1881
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†Neophya legrandi Nel and Fleck 2014
G. †Palaeophya Petrulevičius and Nel 2009
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†Palaeophya argentina Petrulevičius and Nel 2009
Fm. †Cordulibellulidae Sroka et al. 2023
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G. †Cordulibellula Sroka et al. 2023
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†Cordulibellula inopinata Sroka et al. 2023
Unr. Cristotibiata Bechly 1996
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Unr. Brachystigmata Bechly 1996
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Fm. †Nannogomphidae Bechly 1996
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G. †Nannogomphus Handlirsch 1906
G. †Sinahemeroscopus Huang and Nel 2010
Unr. Paucipostnodalia Bechly and Ueda 2002
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Unr. Eubrachystigmata Bechly 1996
Fm. †Prohemeroscopidae Bechly and Ueda 2002
Invalid names: Neopetaliidae Tillyard and Fraser 1940 [empty]
Fm. †Gallophlebiidae Nel et al. 2015
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G. †Gallophlebia Nel et al. 2015
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†Gallophlebia magnifica Nel et al. 2015
Fm. †Libanocorduliidae Azar et al. 2019
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G. †Libanocordulia Azar et al. 2019
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†Libanocordulia debiei Azar et al. 2019
Fm. †Nodalulaidae Lin et al. 2007
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G. †Nodalula Lin et al. 2007
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†Nodalula dalinghensis Lin et al. 2007
Fm. †Urolibellulidae Zeiri et al. 2015
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G. †Kohlslibellula Nel 2020
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†Kohlslibellula lini Nel 2020
G. †Urolibellula Zeiri et al. 2015
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†Urolibellula eocenica Zeiri et al. 2015
Unr. Gomphides Bechly et al. 1998
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Fm. †Araripegomphidae Bechly 1996
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G. †Araripegomphus Nel and Paicheler 1994
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†Araripegomphus andreneli Bechly 1998
†Araripegomphus cretacicus Nel and Paicheler 1994
†Araripegomphus ismari Nel and Ribeiro 2022
†Araripegomphus shai Zheng et al. 2018
Unr. Desmoproctida Bechly 1996
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Unr. Oligophlebiata Bechly 2003
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Unr. Brevicubitalia Bechly 2003
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Unr. Gomphida Bechly 1996
Fm. †Burmagomphidae Zheng et al. 2017
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G. †Burmagomphides Zheng et al. 2017
G. †Satelitala Petrulevičius 2017
Fm. †Libanogomphidae Azar and Nel 2023
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G. †Libanogomphus Azar and Nel 2023
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†Libanogomphus lionelcavini Azar and Nel 2023
Fm. †Paraburmagomphidae Zheng et al. 2018
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G. †Paraburmagomphides Zheng et al. 2018
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†Paraburmagomphides zhaoi Zheng et al. 2018
Invalid names: Hagenioidea Tillyard and Fraser 1940 [empty], Lindeniidae Jacobson and Bianchi 1905 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: chitino
Form: roller-shapedo
Environment: freshwater, terrestrialo
Locomotion: fast-movingo
Life habit: volanto
Diet: carnivoreo
Diet 2: insectivoreo
Vision: well-developedo
Dispersal: watero
Created: 2011-03-07 03:41:10
Modified: 2011-03-06 10:41:10
Source: o = order
Reference: Ren and Guo 1996

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Bathonian to the top of the Middle Pleistocene or 168.30000 to 0.12900 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 166.1 Ma

Collections (151 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Bathonian168.3 - 166.1United Kingdom (Oxfordshire) Libellula westwoodii (140495)
Callovian - Oxfordian166.1 - 157.3China (Nei Mongol) Juralibellula ningchengensis, Daohugoulibellula lini (113371)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Germany (Bayern) Agrion gracile, Agrion vetustum (123985) Agrion vetustum (123906) Nannogomphus bavaricus (123144) Nannogomphus buergeri (139551) Prohemeroscopus jurassicus, Prohemeroscopus kuehnapfeli (152883) Prohemeroscopus kuehnapfeli (227117)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Germany Nannogomphus buergeri (122880)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Germany (Bavaria) Juracordulia schiemenzi, Nannogomphus bavaricus (122586) Nannogomphus bavaricus (139876)
Early/Lower Berriasian145.0 - 140.2United Kingdom (England) Araripelibellula britannica (104006)
Late/Upper Berriasian145.0 - 140.2United Kingdom (England) Araripelibellula britannica (103833)
Middle Berriasian145.0 - 140.2United Kingdom (England) Araripelibellula britannica (119561)
Berriasian145.0 - 139.8United Kingdom (England) Homoptera indet. (127481)
Late/Upper Hauterivian136.4 - 130.0China (Hebei) Jibeigomphus xinboensis (154962)
Late/Upper Hauterivian136.4 - 130.0United Kingdom (England) Valdicordulia wellsorum (106281)
Late/Upper Hauterivian136.4 - 130.0United Kingdom (Surrey) Cretaneophya strevensi (74973)
Early/Lower Barremian130.0 - 125.45Spain Hispanochlorogomphus rossi (123437) Ilerdaegomphus pallerolae (152691) Palaeaeschna pallerolae (152686)
Early/Lower Barremian130.0 - 125.45United Kingdom (England) Cretaneophya strevensi, Mesochlorogomphus crabbi (45193)
Late/Upper Barremian130.0 - 125.45China (Liaoning) Gomphus sp., Liogomphus yixianensis, Gomphus biconvexus (148368) Liogomphus yixianensis, Mesocordulia boreala (138436) Nodalula dalinghensis (103832) Rencordulia sinica (151524) Sopholibellula eleganta, Sopholibellula amoena (111722)
Late/Upper Barremian130.0 - 125.45Spain (Cuenca) Ilerdaegomphus torcae (152992)
Late/Upper Barremian130.0 - 125.45China (Nei Mongol) Sinahemeroscopus magnificus (125655)
Barremian129.4 - 125.0China (Nei Mongol) Sinogomphus taushanense (154968)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0China (Liaoning) Abrohemeroscopus mengi (105248)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Mongolia (Kobdo aimak) Eocordulia cretacea (104054)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Russian Federation (Buryatia) Hemeroscopus baissicus (105536 105969)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 113.0China (Beijing Shi) Hemeroscopus baissicus (106965)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 113.0Brazil (Ceará) Araripechlorogomphus muratai (228900) Araripechlorogomphus muratai, Araripegomphus andreneli, Araripephlebia mirabilis (122926) Araripegomphus andreneli (122918) Araripegomphus andreneli, Araripephlebia mirabilis (122922 122925) Araripegomphus andreneli, Araripephlebia mirabilis, Araripegomphus hanseggeri, Cratolindenia knuepfae (122557) Araripegomphus andreneli, Araripephlebia mirabilis, Cratocordulia borschukewitzi, Araripelibellula martinsnetoi (122919) Araripegomphus cretacicus (125509) Araripegomphus ismari (217013) Araripelibellula martinsnetoi (119562) Araripelibellula sennlaubi (215116) Cratocordulia borschukewitzi, Araripelibellula martinsnetoi (122553) Valdiphlebia sennlaubi (227841)
Albian113.0 - 100.5South Korea (Gyeongsangnam-do) Hemeroscopus baissicus (164493)
Albian113.0 - 100.5South Korea Hemeroscopus baissicus (184781)
Middle Albian109.0 - 105.3China (Gansu) Hemeroscopus baissicus (164492)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Myanmar Burmagomphides electronica, Araripegomphus shai (161726) Burmalindenia imperfecta (123053) Paraburmagomphides zhaoi (196204)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5France Gallophlebia magnifica (162748)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Lebanon Libanocordulia debiei (196672) Libanogomphus lionelcavini (229466)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Kazakhstan Palaeolibellula zherikhini (119502)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8Argentina (Jujuy) Curviarculia lamasi (114155) Jujusia maizgorda, Curviarculia delicata, Palaeomacromia multicellulata (113004) Palaeophya argentina, Austrolibellula noroestenia (106995)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Canada (British Columbia) Auroradraco eos (103205)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Denmark Molercordulia karinae (105202) Molertrum eburneum (157040)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Oise) Eurypalpida indet. (123850)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Italy Bolcathemis nervosa, Bolcacordulia paradoxa (122230)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Argentina (Chubut) Satelitala soberana (133066)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Colorado) Kohlslibellula lini (192072) Stenogomphus carletoni (114681)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Utah) Cordulibellula inopinata (230563)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Wyoming) Libellulidae indet. (121322)
MP 1148.6 - 40.4Germany (Hessen) Corduliidae indet. (120798)
Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Colorado) Libellulidae indet. (156492) Urolibellula eocenica (173817)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9United Kingdom (Isle of Wight) Corduliidae indet. A (157667)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Poland Gomphoides occulta (120811)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Corduliidae indet. A, Neophya legrandi, Eomacrodiplax incompleta (123960) Corduliidae indet. B, Corduliidae indet. C, Eomacrodiplax incompleta (21976) Neophya legrandi (113829)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Germany Petalura acutipennis (113964)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4USA (Oregon) Somatochlora oregonica (117157)
MP 2333.9 - 28.4France Tauriphila cerestensis (123913)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1France (Alpes-de-Haute) Gomphinae indet. A, Paleotauriphila sp. (114016) Paleotauriphila marquesi (155208)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1France (Auvergne) Libellula minuscula (127630)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03France (Aix-en-Provence) Jeanlegrandia oligocenica (114117)
MP 2828.4 - 23.03Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz) Libellulidae indet., Ictinogomphus engelorum (71942) Lindeniinae indet. (211302)
MP 3028.4 - 23.03Germany Libellula cellulosa (123945)
MP 3028.4 - 23.03Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Libellula cellulosa (138696)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) Libellulidae larva, Libellula martini (122487)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) Libellulidae sp. A, Palaeotramea cellulosa, Paleotramea cellulosa (122010)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03France (Bouches-Du-Rhone) Libellula requieniana, Libellula pourqueryi (153412) Libellulidae indet. (157194) Libellulidae larva (113712 122501) Lindeniidae indet., Caussanelia papaziani, Palaeotramea aquisextana, Sympetrum bigoti (127415) Paleotramea aquisextana (177171)
Chattian - Aquitanian28.1 - 20.44Germany (Sachsen) Ictinogomphus sp. (26765)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44Turkey Libellulidae indet., Lindeniinae indet., Trameini indet., Paleotramea aquisextana, Paleotramea fasciata, Paleotramea acutibucula (123307)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44Germany Libellula sp., Trameobasileus moguntiacus (123872)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Spain (Castellon) Libellulidae indet. (140796)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Mexico Erpetogomphus shii (200059)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Spain Lindeniidae indet. (155648)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97China (Shandong) Miopetalura shanwangica (128551)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Czech Republic Onychothemis rihai (181765)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Austria Libellulidae indet. (139942)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (California) Orthemis ferruginea (106431) Orthemis sp. (123022 123023 123025 123042)
Orleanian20.0 - 15.97Germany (Baden-Wurttemberg) Parabrachydiplax miocenica (106002)
MN 416.9 - 15.97Czech Republic Libellulidae indet., Libellulidae indet. larvae, Libellula knetti (157202) Onychothemis rihai (105501) Prorhyothemis bubiki (105500)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82USA (Washington) Miocordulia latipennis (140652)
MN 515.97 - 13.65Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Randecktrum ebi (215189)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Australia (New South Wales) Corduliidae indet., Austrogomphus sp. (224044)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Japan Gomphidae indet. (153619)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Russian Federation Pantalinae indet., Sympetrum sp. (105571)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608China (Hebei) Lanthus wuluogongensis (128554)
Badenian13.65 - 12.7Austria Gomphidae indet. (131964) Ictinogomphus hassleri (184614)
Sarmatian12.7 - 11.608Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Cordulia sp. (115305) Libellula oeningensis (151877) Lindenia heeri (117252)
Sarmatian12.7 - 11.608Slovenia Sloveniatrum robici (103103)
Sarmatian12.7 - 11.608Croatia Libellula platyptera (117246) Lithemis lejeunecarpentieri, Oligocaemia imperfecta (145135) Protopaltothemis hageni (113698)
Vallesian11.608 - 8.7Spain Trithemis pseudodistanti (114010)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Poland Libellula sieboldiana, Libellula kieseli, Libellula pannewitziana (138936)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Ukraine (Kerch) Libellula ukrainensis (127948)
Vallesian - Turolian11.608 - 5.333Spain (Lleida) Libellulidae indet. (154246)
Turolian8.7 - 5.333France (Ardèche) Gomphidae indet., Corduliinae indet., Somatochlora brisaci (113893) Libellulidae indet., Miorhodopygia andancensis, Cellulocordulia fasciata (156164)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333France (Cantal) Gomphidae indet., Celithemis cantalensis, Sympetrum cantalensis (122195)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Italy (Piedmont) Oryctodiplax gypsorum (124409) Oryctodiplax sp., Oryctodiplax gypsorum (113998)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Italy Corduliinae indet., Epitheca miocenica, Epitheca annae (113886) Libellula sp., Sympetrum italicum, Sympetrum krzeminskii, Sympetrum elongatum, Libellula mediterranea, Tramea miocenica, Pisaurum coloratum, Deielia sarae, Trapezostigma sp., Trapezostigma barbaresii, Libellula adriatica, Celithemis zavattinii, Sympetrum marinum (157306) Libellulidae indet. (157203)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Italy (Tuscany) Libellulidae indet., Diplax sp. (113751)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588India (Jharkhand) Libellulidae indet. (214996)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Texas) Libellulidae indet. (154909)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588USA (California) Gomphidae indet. (162797) Libellulidae indet. (162798)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Germany (Niedersachsen) Gomphidae indet., Priscogomphus subhercynicus (109196)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806France Libellula eusebioi (113996)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Japan Sieboldius albardae (211426)