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Solena

Bivalvia - Solenida - Solenidae

Taxonomy
Solena was named by Mörch (1853) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-m-u R Sepkoski's reference number: 1112]. It is extant. Its type is Solen obliquus.

It was reranked as Solen (Solena) by Gabb (1864), Woodring (1982) and Perrilliat (1992).

It was assigned to Solen by Gabb (1864), Woodring (1982) and Perrilliat (1992); to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Solenidae by Moore (1976), Vokes (1980), Squires (1984), Squires (1987), Squires and Demetrion (1992), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999) and Moore (2003).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1853Solena Mörch p. 7
1864Solen (Solena) Gabb p. 213
1976Solena Moore p. 51
1980Solena Vokes p. 140
1982Solen (Solena) Woodring p. 655
1984Solena Squires p. 50
1987Solena Squires p. 67
1992Solen (Solena) Perrilliat p. 12
1992Solena Squires and Demetrion p. 42
1999Solena Frassinetti and Covacevich p. 34
2002Solena Sepkoski
2003Solena Moore

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
RankNameAuthor
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
—CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
—CardioniFerussac 1822
—CardiidiaFerussac 1822
—SolenataDall 1889
orderSolenidaDall 1889
superfamilySolenoidea(Lamarck 1809)
familySolenidaeLamarck 1809
genusSolenaMörch 1853

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Solena Mörch 1853
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Invalid names: Solen ambiguus Lamarck 1818 [synonym]
Subg. †Solena (Eosolen) Stewart 1930
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†Solena (Eosolen) bolivarensis Clark and Durham 1946
†Solena (Eosolen) laversinensis Lefévre and Watelet 1877
†Solena (Eosolen) lorenzana Wagner and Schilling 1923
†Solena (Eosolen) novacularis Anderson and Hanna 1925
†Solena (Eosolen) plagiaulax Cossmann 1886
Subg. †Solena (Plectosolen) Conrad 1866
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Invalid names: Solen curtus Conrad 1848 [replaced]
Subg. †Solena (Solena) Moore 2003
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†Solena dixoni Sowerby 1844
†Solena elytron Philippi 1887
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: facultatively mobileg
Life habit: infaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: blindc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: IS, MA, UN, SU according to Todd (2001).g
Created: 2009-09-09 14:22:46
Modified: 2009-09-09 16:22:46
Source: g = genus, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Sanchez Roig 1926

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Danian to the top of the Gelasian or 66.00000 to 1.80600 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 61.6 Ma

Collections (264 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Danian66.0 - 61.6USA (California) Solen stantoni (193035)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0USA (California) Solen parallelus (190773) Solen stantoni (190770 190774 190786 190791 190796)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0Russian Federation S. eugenensis (50177)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0USA (California) Solen parallelus (193038) S. stantoni (52612 52613 52616 52617 52618 214289 214291)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8China (Xinjiang) Solen taklamaganensis (77841)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom (England) S. laversinensis (3266 3267)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8USA (Alabama) Eosolen lisbonensis (80792)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8USA (Texas) Eosolen shirleyi (7788 84337)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8USA (California) Solen parallelus (52428 122337 122339 122656) Solen parallelus, Solen stantoni (52426 52429) S. novacularis (178750) S. stantoni (52614 52619 52620 52621)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8USA (Oregon) S. coosensis (200800) S. novacularis (52271)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Mexico (Baja California) S. novacularis (5506)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3USA (Alabama) Eosolen lisbonensis (81189 81191 83801 83802 83804 89849 92783)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3USA (California) S. navacularis (8014) S. novacularis (205252)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3USA (Oregon) S. coosensis (200902)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9USA (California) Solen parallelus (190801 207112 207113 207127)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9USA (Oregon) S. coosensis (200899)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9Russian Federation S. stantoni (50078)
Early/Lower Eocene - Middle Eocene55.8 - 37.71United Kingdom (England) S. plagiaulax (3257 3258)
Early/Lower Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene55.8 - 33.9Argentina (Santa Cruz) S. hunickeni (52750 52764)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3United Kingdom (England) Eosolen plagiaulax (8047) Eosolen sp. (42107) S. plagiaulax, S. dixoni (8124 8125)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (South Carolina) Eosolen sp. (52344) S. sp. (5342)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Oregon) S. coosensis (200870 200874 200879 200893 200895 200897 200912)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (California) Solen novacula (200720) Solen parallelus (200734) S. coosensis (202094) S. navacularis (8012 8013 8015 200839 201257) S. novacularis (16712 200757 201702 207186) S. sp. (214593)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Alabama) Eosolen lisbonensis (81209 81212 81241 81253)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Belgium Solen laversinensis, Solen sp. (77611)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Texas) Eosolen shirleyi (205533)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0USA (Washington) Solen parallelus (43342) S. sp. (43347)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0Russian Federation S. eugenensis (50051)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Japan S. sp. (71014)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71USA (Alaska) S. sp. (44069)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0United Kingdom (England) Solen obliquus (40523)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Japan (Nagasaki) S. hataii (103019)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Washington) S. columbina, S. clarki (52207)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (South Carolina) S. sp. (5344 5345 5353 5354)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Japan S. nagaoi (81227 81235)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Mississippi) Eosolen lisbonensis (2446) Eosolen sp. (205508) Solen abruptus (92175 99674)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Oise) Solen gracilis, Solen proximus (3494)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France Solen gracilis, S. plagiaulax (78567) S. gracilis (177068)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Oregon) Solen parallelus (200859 200860 201047) S. columbiana (200920)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (North Carolina) S. sp. (5366)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Italy S. plagiaulax (78565)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9USA (Oregon) Solen eugenensis (37989 38941) S. eugenensis (38940 38946 38985 38987 38988 38991 38992 38993 38994 38995 38998 38999 39000 39002 39003 39004 39022 39023 39025 39030 39031 39032 39033 39034 39035 39036 39037)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Colombia (Bolivar) S. bolivarensis (3315)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Japan S. nagaoi (81232) S. sp. (70920)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9USA (California) Solen curtus (71161 71163 71166 71167 71168 71169 71170 71173 71182) Solen lorenzana (71179)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4USA (California) Solen curtus (71188 71190 71192 71196)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1USA (Oregon) S. eugenensis (37697 37701 37816 37817 37818 37823)
Early/Lower Oligocene - Late/Upper Oligocene33.9 - 23.03USA (Alaska) S. sp. (44112)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03USA (Alaska) S. sp. (44084 44101)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03USA (California) Solen gravidus (72406 72407 72408) Solen gravidus, Solen curtus (122273)
Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene28.4 - 15.97Argentina (Santa Cruz) Solen crucis (48068)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (Oregon) S. eugenensis (37680 37682 37684 37687 37688 37689 37691 37692 37694)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (California) Solen gravidus, Solen curtus (180446)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (Washington) Solen conradi (37577 37580 37585)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44USA (Washington) Solen conradi (37560)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97India S. sp. 1, S. sp. 2 (78641)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97USA (California) Solen gravidus (71223 203554)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Brazil (Para) Solen obliquus (60979) S. obliquus (65162)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97India (Meghalaya) S. sp. (46493)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Argentina Solen crucis (71428 71429 71430 71540)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97USA (Washington) Solen conradi (37574)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Chile S. sp. (78425 78428)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (California) Solen perrini (195039 195079 195300)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Colombia (La Guajira) S. sp. (156487 156832)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97USA (Oregon) Solen conradi (39805)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82USA (Oregon) Solen conradi (39698 39799 201690)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Colombia (La Guajira) S. sp. (157846)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62Russian Federation Solen conradi (50038)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Argentina Solen crucis (71425)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Mexico (Michoacan) S. sp. (66164 76567)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608USA (California) Solen gravidus (44931 44936) Solen perrini (44984)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Panama (Colon) Solen obliquus (145278)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Panama Solen obliquus (93145 93159 93160 93162) S. sp. (136016 145523)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Dominican Republic Solen obliquus (58869)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Colombia S. obliquus (131219)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333USA (California) Solen perrini (194801 194803 194888 194894 195031 195032 195034)
Messinian - Zanclean7.246 - 3.6USA (California) Solen perrini (39351 39353 39355 39389)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Trinidad and Tobago Solen obliquus (60411 60414 60415)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Venezuela S. rosewateri (131210 131217)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806USA (California) Solen perrini (189561 189760 189761 189762 189765 207643 207647 207650 207651 207657 207658 207665 207666 207667 207675 207676 207677 207699 207713 207762)