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Trachycardium

Bivalvia - Cardiida - Cardiidae

Taxonomy
Trachycardium was named by Mörch (1853) [Sepkoski's age data: T Than R Sepkoski's reference number: 705]. It is extant.

It was reranked as Cardium (Trachycardium) by Aldrich (1911), Harris (1919), Oldroyd (1925), Vredenburg (1928), Loel and Corey (1932), Mukerjee (1939), Mansfield (1940) and Pilsbry and Olsson (1941); it was reranked as Laevicardium (Trachycardium) by Grant and Gale (1931).

It was assigned to Laevicardium by Grant and Gale (1931); to Cardium by Aldrich (1911), Harris (1919), Oldroyd (1925), Vredenburg (1928), Loel and Corey (1932), Mukerjee (1939), Mansfield (1940) and Pilsbry and Olsson (1941); to Cardiidae by Woodring (1938), Durham (1944), Marasti (1973) and Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999); to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Trachycardiinae by Olsson (1967), da Silva Forti (1969), Iqbal (1973), Adegoke (1977), Maxwell (1978), Vokes (1980), Woodring (1982), Dockery (1982), Coan et al. (2000), Moore (2003) and Bouchet et al. (2010).

Species
Cardium (Granocardium) sabulosum, Cardium (Trachycardium) greenhoughi, Cardium (Trachycardium) mamillatum, Cardium (Trachycardium) minbuense, Cardium (Trachycardium) polycolpatum, Cardium (Trachycardium) protosubrugosum, Cardium (Trachycardium) riachuelense, Cardium (Trachycardium) sindiense, T. (Mexicardia), T. (Phlogocardia), T. (Regozara), T. (Trachycardium), T. cotteri, T. egmontianum, T. enode, T. eufaulensis, T. eversum, T. halaense, T. kinsmarae, T. lacunosum, T. mollyni, T. multiradiatum, T. planicostata, T. puelchum, T. reynoldsi, T. rugosum, T. syriacum, T. thalassium
Species lacking formal opinion data
Cardium anclotense, Cardium brooksvillense, Cardium coutinhoi, Cardium hernandoense, Cardium hortensium, Cardium leucostomum, Cardium plectopleura, Cardium ustrix, Cardium viridarii, Pleurocardia longstreeti, T. denticostulatum, T. lingualionis, T. quadragenerium, T. sindense

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1853Trachycardium Mörch
1869Cardium (Granocardium) Gabb p. 266
1911Cardium (Trachycardium) Aldrich p. 1
1919Cardium (Trachycardium) Harris p. 133
1925Cardium (Trachycardium) Oldroyd p. 6
1928Cardium (Trachycardium) Vredenburg p. 445
1931Laevicardium (Trachycardium) Grant and Gale
1932Cardium (Trachycardium) Loel and Corey
1938Trachycardium Woodring p. 53
1939Cardium (Trachycardium) Mukerjee p. 15
1940Cardium (Trachycardium) Mansfield p. 193
1941Cardium (Trachycardium) Pilsbry and Olsson p. 9
1944Trachycardium Durham p. 144
1967Trachycardium Olsson p. 10
1969Trachycardium da Silva Forti p. 81
1973Trachycardium Iqbal p. 18
1973Trachycardium Marasti p. 107
1977Trachycardium Adegoke p. 272
1978Trachycardium Maxwell p. 20
1978Granocardium Scott p. 896
1980Granocardium Vokes p. 126
1980Trachycardium Vokes p. 127
1982Trachycardium Dockery p. 70
1982Trachycardium Woodring p. 636
1999Trachycardium Frassinetti and Covacevich p. 28
2000Trachycardium Coan et al. p. 361
2002Granocardium Schneider p. 351 figs. Figure 25
2002Granocardium Sepkoski
2002Trachycardium Sepkoski
2003Trachycardium Moore
2010Trachycardium Bouchet et al.
2021Granocardium Mendir et al. p. 16

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
—CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
RankNameAuthor
—CardioniFerussac 1822
—CardiidiaFerussac 1822
—CardiataFerussac 1822
superorderCardiiformiiFerussac 1822
orderCardiidaFerussac 1822
suborderCardiidinaFerussac 1822
—CardioideiFerussac 1822
superfamilyCardioidea(Lamarck 1809)
familyCardiidaeLamarck 1809
subfamilyTrachycardiinaeStewart 1930
genusTrachycardiumMörch 1853

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Trachycardium Mörch 1853
show all | hide all
†Cardium (Trachycardium) greenhoughi d'Archiac and Haime 1853
†Cardium (Trachycardium) polycolpatum Cossmann and Peyrot 1911
Subg. Trachycardium (Mexicardia) Stewart 1930
+
Mexicardia procera Sowerby 1833
+
Invalid names: Cardium panamense Sowerby I 1833 [synonym]
Subg. Trachycardium (Phlogocardia) Stewart 1930
+
Trachycardium (Phlogocardia) belcheri Broderip and Sowerby 1829
†Trachycardium (Phlogocardia) stiriatum Brown and Pilsbry 1911
+
Invalid names: Trachycardium durum Brown and Pilsbry 1913 [synonym]
Trachycardium egmontianum Shuttleworth 1856
†Trachycardium enode Sowerby 1841
†Trachycardium eversum Conrad 1848
†Trachycardium halaense d'Archaic and Haime 1854
†Trachycardium kinsmarae Makiyama 1934
†Trachycardium mollyni Vokes 1982
†Trachycardium puelchum Sowerby 1846
†Trachycardium reynoldsi Rennie 1929
†Trachycardium rugosum Lamarck 1819
†Trachycardium syriacum Conrad 1852
Invalid names: Cardium (Granocardium) Gabb 1869 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: facultatively mobileg
Life habit: infaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: blindc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: IS, MA, UN, SU according to Todd (2001).g
Created: 2009-09-09 07:20:41
Modified: 2009-09-09 09:20:41
Source: g = genus, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Todd 2001, Sanchez Roig 1926

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Albian to the top of the Holocene or 109.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 105.3 Ma

Collections (649 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Albian113.0 - 100.5USA (Kansas) T. kansasense (1981 1985 1986 1992 1993 1996 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2005 2007 2010 2011 2012 2016 2017 2018 2026 2032 2033 2035 2036 2037 2040 2042 2047 2049 2050 2052 2053 2054 2055 2056)
Middle Albian109.0 - 105.3Brazil (Sergipe) Cardium riachuelense (87867)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6Angola T. syriacum (210730 210731 210733)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Texas) Pleurocardia tinninense (6594 6637 6645)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0USA (Texas) T. sp. (225659)
Middle Santonian85.8 - 83.5Angola T. reynoldsi (210904)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1South Africa T. sp. (82728)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (North Carolina) Cardium eufaulense (87677 190550 190551 190553 190554 190555 190579) T. carolinensis, T. longstreeti (7610) T. longstreeti (7611) T. longstreeti, T. vaughani (7619 7622)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Delaware) Pleurocardia longstreeti (6136 6137 6138 6139)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Mississippi) T. carolinensis, T. sp. (6660)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (New Jersey) Cardium multiradiatum (48725)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Texas) Pleurocardia sp. (7510 7512)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Delaware) Pleuriocardia eufaulensis (6171)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (New Jersey) T. tenuistriatum (3870 3877 3883)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) T. longstreeti (57916)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Arkansas) T. sp. (4391)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Texas) T. eufaulensis (4525 4527 4543 4547 4552 4594 4595 4596 4597 4598 4622 4623 4624 4625) T. sp. (4524 4529 4531 4532 4533 4535 4537 4539 4540 4541 4542 4546 4548 4551 4553 4559 4565 4574 4577 4579 4581 4582 4584 4585 4588 4593 4599 4601 4602 4603 4604 4608 4610 4620 4621 4626 4627 4628 4629 4630 4631 4633 4636)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Alabama) T. eufaulense (83239) T. eufaulensis (4258)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) T. eufaulensis (4380)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) T. eufaulensis (4100 4101 4103 4104 4105 4107 4108 4109 4110 4111 4112 4113 4114 4115 4116 4118)