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Venericardia

Bivalvia - Carditida - Carditidae

Taxonomy
Venericardia was named by Lamarck (1801) [Sepkoski's age data: K Albi R Sepkoski's reference number: 790]. It is extant. Its type is Venericardia imbricata.

It was reranked as Cardita (Venericardia) by Deshayes (1858) and Vredenburg (1928).

It was assigned to Cardita by Deshayes (1858) and Vredenburg (1928); to Venericardinae by Iqbal (1973) and Dockery (1982); to Carditidae by Glenn (1904), Woods (1922), Nagao (1928), Nagao (1928), Olsson (1931), Turner (1938), Vokes (1939), Durham (1944), Uozumi (1955), Marwick (1960), Heaslip (1968), Woodring (1982), Gliozzi and Malatesta (1983), Lamprell and Whitehead (1992), Squires (1999) and Camacho et al. (2000); to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Venericardiinae by Adegoke (1977), Vokes (1980), Squires (1984), Squires (1987), Moore (1992), Chiesa et al. (1995) and Bouchet et al. (2010).

Species
Cardita (Venericardia) frauscheri, Cardita (Venericardia) laurae, Cardita (Venericardia) pseudonodulosa, V. (Clairbornicardia), V. (Leuroactis), V. (Pacificor), V. (Rotundicardia), V. (Venericardia), V. (Venericor), V. aizyensis, V. ameghinorum, V. ameliae, V. angusticosta, V. apodensata, V. barroneti, V. bistrovi, V. bonificae, V. brassica, V. buruca, V. camachoi, V. capricornis, V. carolinensis, V. complanata, V. complexicosta, V. costagranosa, V. crossensis, V. crucedemaionis, V. domenginica, V. eoa, V. ewekoroensis, V. gulielmi, V. hamiltonensis, V. heterocostata, V. hornii, V. imbricata (type species), V. inflatior, V. ionensis, V. isaurae, V. jaquinoti (syn. Cardita hanguensis), V. juneri, V. koerti, V. maudensis, V. minuta, V. natchitoches, V. nauliensis, V. nodifera, V. olga, V. pakistanica, V. perimetra, V. philotima, V. praecisa, V. pseudowilmotii, V. rosii, V. semiinflata, V. simillina, V. simplex, V. soriensis, V. stewarti, V. tabligboensis, V. thalassoplekta, V. thaleia, V. togoensis, V. tokudai, V. tortidens, V. trinidadensis, V. vicksburgiana, V. waynensis, V. yakatagensis
Species lacking formal opinion data
Cardita albasiensis, Cardita squamosissima, V. agriculturae, V. amazoniana, V. awamoensis, V. bisculpta, V. crebrisulcata, V. elegantula, V. forgemoli, V. gardnerae, V. globosa, V. guajirensis, V. horni, V. intermedia, V. leonensis, V. liasina, V. liasinum, V. millegrana, V. monilifera, V. nagaoi, V. okinoshimensis, V. quadriangulata, V. rutoti, V. sabinensis, V. smillina, V. turneri, V. vestitoides, V. withlacoochensis

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1801Venericardia Lamarck
1858Cardita (Venericardia) Deshayes p. 764
1904Venericardia Glenn p. 343
1922Venericardia Woods p. 66
1928Venericardia Nagao p. 55
1928Cardita (Venericardia) Vredenburg p. 438
1931Venericardia Olsson p. 47
1938Venericardia Turner p. 48
1939Venericardia Vokes p. 65
1944Venericardia Durham p. 143
1955Venericardia Uozumi p. 76
1960Venericardia Marwick p. 13
1968Venericardia Heaslip p. 82
1973Venericardia Iqbal p. 17
1977Venericardia Adegoke p. 260
1980Venericardia Vokes p. 119
1982Venericardia Dockery p. 64
1982Venericardia Woodring p. 627
1983Venericardia Gliozzi and Malatesta p. 91
1984Venericardia Squires p. 45
1987Venericardia Squires p. 63
1992Venericardia Lamprell and Whitehead p. 56
1992Venericardia Moore p. 16
1995Venericardia Chiesa et al. p. 43
1999Venericardia Squires p. 25
2000Venericardia Camacho et al. p. 68
2002Venericardia Sepkoski
2010Venericardia Bouchet et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
RankNameAuthor
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
—CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
—CarditioniDall 1889
orderCarditida(Dall 1889)
superfamilyCrassatelloidea(Férussac 1822)
familyCarditidaeFleming 1820
subfamilyVenericardiinaeChavan 1969
genusVenericardiaLamarck 1801

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Venericardia Lamarck 1801
show all | hide all
†Cardita (Venericardia) laurae Brongniart 1823
Subg. †Venericardia (Clairbornicardia) Stenzel and E. K. 1957
+
Subg. †Venericardia (Leuroactis) Stewart 1930
+
†Venericardia (Leuroactis) crescentensis Weaver and Van Winkle Palmer 1922
Subg. †Venericardia (Pacificor) Verástegui 1953
+
†Venericardia (Pacificor) aragonia Arnold and Hannibal 1914
+
Invalid names: Venericardia (Leuroactis) alisoensis Verástegui 1953 [synonym], Venericardia (Leuroactis) schencki Verástegui 1953 [synonym], Venericardia (Leuroactis) smileyi Vokes 1939 [synonym], Venericardia (Leuroactis) vokesi Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Venericardia (Pacificor) gabbi Verástegui 1953 [synonym], Venericardia (Pacificor) hertleini Verástegui 1953 [synonym], Venericardia (Pacificor) lutmani Turner 1938 [synonym], Venericardia (Pacificor) oregonensis Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
†Venericardia (Pacificor) clarki Weaver and Van Winkle Palmer 1922
+
Invalid names: Venericardia (Pacificor) weaveri Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
†Venericardia (Pacificor) lisa Verástegui 1953
+
Invalid names: Venericardia (Pacificor) transversaria Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
Invalid names: Venericardia (Pacificor) clarki popenoei Verástegui 1953 [synonym]
Subg. †Venericardia (Venericardia) Lamarck 1801
+
†Venericardia (Venericardia) dufrenoyie Archiac and Haime 1854
†Venericardia (Venericardia) seminflata Cossmann and Pissarro 1927
Subg. †Venericardia (Venericor) Stewart 1930
+
†Venericardia (Venericor) agustoscrobis Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) apodensata Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) aposmithii Gardner and Bowles 1939
+
Invalid names: Venericardia marylandica Clark and Martin 1901 [synonym]
†Venericardia (Venericor) bashiplata Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) cacamai Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) claiboplata Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) claviger Gardner and Bowles 1936
†Venericardia (Venericor) cookei Gardner and Bowles 1939
+
Invalid names: Venericardia mooreana Conrad 1867 [synonym]
†Venericardia (Venericor) densata malinchae Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) diga Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) francescae Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) hatcheplata Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) kilmacodes Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) mediaplata Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) mingoensis Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) nanaplata Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) nanaplata nanna Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) potapacoensis Clark and Martin 1901
†Venericardia (Venericor) stewarti Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia (Venericor) zapatai Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericor brongniartii Sowerby 1850
†Venericor planicosta Lamarck 1801
†Venericardia aizyensis Deshayes 1860
†Venericardia ameghinorum Ihering 1907
†Venericardia ameliae Peron 1928
†Venericardia angusticosta Adegoke 1977
†Venericardia barroneti Munier-Chalmas 1881
†Venericardia bistrovi Pronina 1969
†Venericardia bonificae Gliozzi and Malatesta 1983
†Venericardia brassica Maury 1925
†Venericardia buruca Boehm 1906
†Venericardia camachoi Rossi de Garcia and Levy 1959
†Venericardia capricornis Darragh and Kendrick 2010
†Venericardia complanata Deshayes 1825
†Venericardia complexicosta Aldrich and Meyer 1919
†Venericardia costagranosa Adegoke 1977
†Venericardia crossensis Reyment 1955
†Venericardia eoa Plummer 1933
†Venericardia ewekoroensis Adegoke 1977
†Venericardia gulielmi Gardner and Bowles 1939
†Venericardia hornii Gabb 1864
+
†Venericardia hornii aragonia Arnold and Hannibal 1914
†Venericardia hornii clarki Weaver and Palmer 1930
†Venericardia imbricata Lamarck 1801
†Venericardia inflatior Meyer 1885
†Venericardia ionensis Waring 1914
†Venericardia isaurae Maury 1924
†Venericardia jaquinoti d'Orbigny 1843
+
Invalid names: Cardita hanguensis Cox 1930 [synonym]
†Venericardia juneri Cox 1952
†Venericardia koerti Oppenheim 1915
†Venericardia maudensis Pritchard 1895
†Venericardia minuta Leymerie 1846
†Venericardia nodifera Kellum 1926
†Venericardia olga Mansfield 1939
†Venericardia perimetra Maury 1924
†Venericardia philotima Maury 1924
†Venericardia praecisa Dall 1903
†Venericardia rosii Gliozzi and Malatesta 1983
†Venericardia semiinflata Cossmann and Pissarro 1927
†Venericardia simillina Olsson 1930
†Venericardia simplex Dall 1903
†Venericardia soriensis Eames 1951
†Venericardia tabligboensis Oppenheim 1915
†Venericardia thaleia Maury 1924
†Venericardia togoensis Oppenheim 1915
†Venericardia tokudai Takeda 1953
†Venericardia waynensis Mansfield 1940
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmeanminimummaximummedians.d.
height18816.50.20068.521.212.9

Composition: aragonitesuperf
Environment: marinesuperf
Locomotion: facultatively mobilef
Life habit: shallow infaunalg
Diet: suspension feederf
Vision: blindsuperf
Comments: For life habit Cyclocardia borealis (p. 146 of Stanley, 1970) and Cardita floridana (p. 147 of Stanley, 1970) are used as modern representatives of Carditidae.g
Created: 2018-02-27 11:34:57
Modified: 2018-03-04 20:18:07
Source: g = genus, f = family, superf = superfamily
References: Sanchez Roig 1926, Stanley 1970, Eames 1951

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Jamesoni to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 189.60000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 183.0 Ma

Collections (1337 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Pliensbachian190.8 - 182.7Greenland Rhynchonella sp. C (161208) V. liasina (161964 161966 161968 161969 161975 162058 162079 162080 162082 162083 162110 162113 162259 162262 162270 162283) V. liasinum (162112)
Jamesoni189.6 - 183.0Greenland V. liasina (161976 162071 162072 162073 162089 162109 162271)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9USA (Oregon) V. sp. (52308)
Late/Upper Barremian130.0 - 125.45France (Drôme) V. sp. (75576)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Madagascar V. lineolata (98230 98234 98244)
Middle Albian109.0 - 105.3Egypt V. deserti (98326)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6Egypt V. deserti (98327) V. forgemoli (140606)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6Ecuador V. bisculpta (61910)
Late/Upper Albian - Cenomanian105.3 - 93.9Egypt V. forgemoli (150677 150737)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Egypt V. forgemoli (140613)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Bolivia V. sp. (229871)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Egypt V. forgemoli (140539)
Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Egypt V. forgemoli (150611)
Coniacian89.8 - 86.3Nigeria (Enugu) V. nauliensis (90241)
Coniacian89.8 - 86.3Cameroon V. nauliensis (209692) V. sp. (209691) V. sp., V. nauliensis (209690)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Brazil (Pernambuco) V. linoi (179815 180661)
Campanian - Paleocene83.6 - 56.0Mali V. sp. (202356)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Mozambique V. ameliae (174825)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Poland V. santonensis (28086)
Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Texas) V. sp. (7466 7467 7468 7469 7470) V. uvaldana (3632)