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Microbiotheriidae
Taxonomy
Microbiotheridae was named by Ameghino (1887). It is extant.
It was corrected as Microbiotheriidae by Ameghino (1897), Marshall (1982), Nowak (1991), Springer et al. (1994), McKenna and Bell (1997), Goin et al. (1999), Goin et al. (2006), Goin et al. (2010), Oliveira and Goin (2011), Abello et al. (2012) and Goin and Abello (2013).
It was assigned to Pedimana by Ameghino (1894) and Ameghino (1897); to Didelphoidea by Marshall (1982) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Australidelphia by Goin et al. (2006); and to Microbiotheria by Ameghino (1891), Nowak (1991), Springer et al. (1994), Goin et al. (1999), Goin et al. (2010), Oliveira and Goin (2011), Abello et al. (2012) and Goin and Abello (2013).
It was corrected as Microbiotheriidae by Ameghino (1897), Marshall (1982), Nowak (1991), Springer et al. (1994), McKenna and Bell (1997), Goin et al. (1999), Goin et al. (2006), Goin et al. (2010), Oliveira and Goin (2011), Abello et al. (2012) and Goin and Abello (2013).
It was assigned to Pedimana by Ameghino (1894) and Ameghino (1897); to Didelphoidea by Marshall (1982) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Australidelphia by Goin et al. (2006); and to Microbiotheria by Ameghino (1891), Nowak (1991), Springer et al. (1994), Goin et al. (1999), Goin et al. (2010), Oliveira and Goin (2011), Abello et al. (2012) and Goin and Abello (2013).
Subtaxa
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1887 | Microbiotheridae Ameghino |
| 1891 | Microbiotheridae Ameghino p. 22 |
| 1894 | Microbiotheridae Ameghino p. 103 |
| 1897 | Microbiotheriidae Ameghino p. 501 |
| 1909 | Clenialitidae Ameghino p. 204 |
| 1982 | Microbiotheriidae Marshall |
| 1991 | Microbiotheriidae Nowak |
| 1994 | Microbiotheriidae Springer et al. p. 86 |
| 1997 | Microbiotheriidae McKenna and Bell |
| 1999 | Microbiotheriidae Goin et al. |
| 2006 | Microbiotheriidae Goin et al. |
| 2010 | Microbiotheriidae Goin et al. |
| 2011 | Microbiotheriidae Oliveira and Goin |
| 2012 | Microbiotheriidae Abello et al. |
| 2013 | Microbiotheriidae Goin and Abello |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Microbiotheriidae Ameghino 1887
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G. †Clenia Ameghino 1904
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†Clenia brevis Goin et al. 2010
†Clenia minuscula Ameghino 1904
Invalid names: Clenialites Ameghino 1906 [objective synonym]
G. Dromiciops Thomas 1894
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Dromiciops australis Philippi 1893
Dromiciops gliroides Thomas 1894 [monito del monte]
G. †Eomicrobiotherium Marshall 1982
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†Eomicrobiotherium diluculum Chornogubsky et al. 2023
†Eomicrobiotherium matutinum Goin et al. 2010
†Eomicrobiotherium mykerum Goin and Abello 2013
G. †Microbiotherium Ameghino 1887
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†Microbiotherium acicula Ameghino 1891
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Invalid names: Prodidelphys obtusa Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Prodidelphys pavita Ameghino 1891 [synonym]
†Microbiotherium gallegosense Sinclair 1906
†Microbiotherium patagonicum Ameghino 1887
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Invalid names: Hadrorhynchus conspicuus Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Stylognathus diprotodontoides Ameghino 1891 [synonym]
†Microbiotherium praecursor Ameghino 1898
†Microbiotherium tehuelchum Ameghino 1887
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Invalid names: Eodidelphys famula Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Eodidelphys fortis Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Hadrorhynchus tortor Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Hadrorhynchus torvus Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Halmarhiphus didelpoides Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Microbiotherium forticulum Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Phonocdromus patagonicus Ameghino 1894 [synonym]
Invalid names: Eodidelphys Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Hadrorhynchus Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Prodidelphys Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Proteodidelphys Ameghino 1898 [synonym], Stylognathus Ameghino 1891 [synonym]
G. †Mirandatherium Paula Couto 1952
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†Mirandatherium alipioi Paula Couto 1952
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Invalid names: Mirandaia ribeiroi Paula Couto 1952 [replaced]
G. †Oligobiotherium Ameghino 1902
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†Oligobiotherium divisum Ameghino 1902
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Invalid names: Microbiotherium hernandezi Simpson 1932 [synonym]
Invalid names: Microbiotheridion Ringuelet 1953 [synonym]
G. †Pachybiotherium Ameghino 1902
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†Pachybiotherium acclinum Ameghino 1902
†Pachybiotherium illuminatum Goin et al. 2010
†Pachybiotherium minor Goin 1997
Invalid names: Clenialitidae Ameghino 1909 [invalid subgroup], Microbiotheriinae Simpson 1929 [empty]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| F. J. Goin et al. 1999 | Family Microbiotheriidae. The upper molars have a very reduced stylar shelf and cusps. The protocone is strong; the paracone and metacone are subequal in size and height. The preparacrista is very short and connected with the parastylar corner. The lower molars have a metaconid slightly displaced posteriorly, especially on ml-2. The anterior cingu- lum is vestigial or absent. The talonids are wide. The hypoconulid is small and not close to the entoconid but relatively separated from it. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1991, Clemens 1979, Hopson 1973 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Danian to the top of the Laventan or 66.00000 to 11.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 61.6 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 61.6 Ma
Collections (35 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Danian | Bolivia (Mizque) | Khasia cordillerensis (13501) | |
| Ypresian | Argentina (Chubut) | Mirandatherium sp. (133040) | |
| Ypresian | Antarctica | Microbiotheriidae indet. (100414) | |
| Ypresian - Lutetian | Argentina (Chubut) | Eomicrobiotherium diluculum (231392) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | Brazil (Rio de Janeiro) | Microbiotheriidae indet., Mirandaia ribeiroi, Mirandatherium alipioi (118314) | |
| Lutetian | Argentina (Chubut) | M. Gen. et sp. indet. D, Eomicrobiotherium sp. (176059) M. gen. et sp. indet. E (133039) | |
| Bartonian - Priabonian | Antarctica | Microbiotheriidae indet. (31173) | |
| Tinguirirican | Argentina (Chubut) | Microbiotherium sp., Eomicrobiotherium matutinum, Clenia brevis (176200) | |
| Rupelian | Argentina (Chubut) | Eomicrobiotherium matutinum (176201) | |
| Rupelian | Peru (Departamento de Ucayali) | Kirutherium paititiensis (149523) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | Peru (Loreto) | Microbiotheriidae indet. (176147) | |
| Aquitanian | Argentina | Microbiotherium patagonicum (206766) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Argentina (Chubut) | Proteodidelphys praecursor (176669) | |
| Colhuehuapian | Argentina (Chubut) | Eomicrobiotherium mykerum (27311) Microbiotheriidae indet., Microbiotherium sp., Clenia minuscula, Pachybiotherium acclinum, Oligobiotherium divisus, Microbiotherium hernandezi, Eomicrobiotherium mykerum (141368) | |
| Burdigalian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Microbiotheriidae indet., Microbiotherium tehuelchum, Microbiotherium gallegosense, Microbiotherium divisum, Pachybiotherium illuminatum (59320) Microbiotherium divisum, Pachybiotherium illuminatum (59319) Microbiotherium tehuelchum, Microbiotherium divisum (59321) | |
| Santacrucian | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | Microbiotherium patagonicum (176575 176594 176601) Microbiotherium tehuelchum (27313 142533 176566 176571 176590 210638) Microbiotherium tehuelchum, Microbiotherium acicula, Microbiotherium gallegosense (87314) Microbiotherium tehuelchum, Microbiotherium patagonicum (176565 176593) Pachybiotherium illuminatum (59324) Phonocdromus patagonicus, Halmarhiphus didelpoides, Microbiotherium tehuelchum, Microbiotherium patagonicum, Microbiotherium forticulum, Stylognathus diprotodontoides, Eodidelphys fortis, Eodidelphys famula, Prodidelphys acicula, Prodidelphys pavita, Prodidelphys obtusa, Hadrorhynchus tortor, Hadrorhynchus torvus, Hadrorhynchus conspicuus (176570) | |
| Friasian | Chile (Aisén) | Microbiotherium tehuelchum (139845) | |
| Laventan | Colombia | Pachybiotherium minor (13749) |