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Scrotifera

Mammalia

Taxonomy
Scrotifera was named by Waddell et al. (1999). It is extant.

It was assigned to Laurasiatheria by Waddell et al. (1999) and Asher and Helgen (2010).

Subtaxa
Acreodi, Bulbulodentata, Chiroptera, Euungulata (syn. Eparctocyona, Ungulata), Ferae (syn. Ostentoria), Fereuungulata
Sister taxa
Bulbulodentata, Euungulata (syn. Eparctocyona, Ungulata), Ferae (syn. Ostentoria), Fereuungulata

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1999Scrotifera Waddell et al. p. cover
2010Scrotifera Asher and Helgen p. 3 figs. Figure 1

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
suborderEupelycosauria
RankNameAuthor
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Scrotifera

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Scrotifera Waddell et al. 1999
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Or. †Acreodi Matthew 1909
+
G. †Andrewsarchus Osborn 1924
+
†Andrewsarchus crassum Ding et al. 1977
Unr. †Mesonychia [mesonychian]
+
Fm. †Hapalodectidae Szalay and Gould 1966 [condylarth]
+
G. †Hapalodectes Matthew 1909
+
†Hapalodectes anthracinus Zhou and Gingerich 1991
†Hapalodectes auctus Matthew and Granger 1925
†Hapalodectes dux Lopatin 2001
†Hapalodectes hetangensis Ting and Li 1987
†Hapalodectes huanghaiensis Tong and Wang 2006
†Hapalodectes leptognathus Osborn and Wortman 1892
+
Invalid names: Hapalodectes compressus Matthew 1909 [synonym]
†Hapalodectes lopatini Solé et al. 2017
†Hapalodectes paleocenus Beard et al. 2010
†Hapalodectes serus Matthew and Granger 1925
G. †Hapalorestes Gunnell and Gingerich 1996
+
†Hapalorestes lovei Gunnell and Gingerich 1996
Fm. †Mesonychidae Cope 1875 [condylarth]
+
G. †Dissacus Cope 1881
+
†Dissacus argenteus O'Leary and Rose 1995
†Dissacus blayaci Stehlin 1926
†Dissacus bohaiensis Tong and Wang 2006
†Dissacus europaeus Lemoine 1891
+
Invalid names: Hyaenodictis gaudryi Lemione 1891 [synonym]
†Dissacus filholi Lemoine 1891
†Dissacus indigenus Dashzeveg 1976
†Dissacus magushanensis Yan and Tang 1976
†Dissacus navajovius Cope 1881
+
Invalid names: Dissacus carnifex Cope 1882 [synonym]
†Dissacus praenuntius Matthew and Granger 1915
†Dissacus progressus Crusafont-Pairo and Golpe-Posse 1968
†Dissacus raslanloubatieri Solé et al. 2018
†Dissacus rotundus Wang 1975
†Dissacus rougierae Solé et al. 2018
†Dissacus serior O'Leary and Rose 1995
†Dissacus serratus Chow and Qi 1978
†Dissacus shanghoensis Chow et al. 1973
†Dissacus willwoodensis O'Leary and Rose 1995
†Dissacus zanabazari Geisler and McKenna 2007
†Dissacus zengi Ting 2004
Invalid names: Hyaenodictis Lemoine 1891 [synonym], Hyoenodictis Lemoine 1880 [synonym], Plesidissacus Lemoine 1894 [synonym]
G. †Dissacusium Chow et al. 1977
G. †Harpagolestes Wortman 1901
+
†Harpagolestes brevipes Thorpe 1923
†Harpagolestes immanis Matthew 1909
†Harpagolestes koreanicus Shikama 1943
†Harpagolestes leei Jin 2005
†Harpagolestes leotensis Peterson 1931
†Harpagolestes orientalis Szalay and Gould 1966
G. †Hessolestes Peterson 1931
+
†Hessolestes ultimus Peterson 1931
G. †Honanodon Chow 1965
+
†Honanodon hebetis Chow 1965
†Honanodon macrodontus Chow 1965
G. †Jiangxia Zhang et al. 1979
+
†Jiangxia chaotoensis Zhang et al. 1979
G. †Lohoodon Chow et al. 1973
Subfm. †Mesonychinae Cope 1880
+
G. †Ankalagon Van Valen 1980
+
Invalid names: Ancalagon Van Valen 1978 [synonym]
G. †Guilestes Zheng and Chi 1978
G. †Hukoutherium Chow et al. 1973
G. †Mesonyx Cope 1872
G. †Mongolestes Szalay and Gould 1966
G. †Mongolonyx Szalay and Gould 1966
G. †Yantanglestes Ideker and Yan 1980
+
Invalid names: Lestes Yan and Tang 1976 [replaced]
G. †Metahapalodectes Dashzeveg 1976
G. †Olsenia Matthew and Granger 1925
+
†Olsenia mira Matthew and Granger 1925
G. †Pachyaena Cope 1874
+
†Pachyaena gigantea Osborn and Wortman 1892
†Pachyaena gracilis Matthew and Granger 1915
†Pachyaena nemegetica Dashzeveg 1976
†Pachyaena ossifraga Cope 1874
+
Invalid names: Pachyaena intermedia Wortman 1899 [synonym]
G. †Plagiocristodon Chow and Qi 1978
G. †Sinonyx Zhou et al. 1995
+
†Sinonyx jiashanensis Zhou et al. 1995
G. †Synoplotherium Cope 1872
+
†Synoplotherium canius Cope 1872
†Synoplotherium lanius Cope 1872
†Synoplotherium vorax Marsh 1876
Invalid names: Dromocyon Marsh 1876 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hapalodectinae Szalay and Gould 1966 [empty]
G. †Simidectes Stock 1933
+
†Simidectes magnus Peterson 1919
†Simidectes medius Peterson 1919
†Simidectes merriami Stock 1933
Invalid names: Pleurocyon Peterson 1919 [synonym]
G. †Wyolestes Gingerich 1981
+
†Wyolestes apheles Gingerich 1981
†Wyolestes dioctes Gingerich 1982
†Wyolestes iglesius Novacek et al. 1991
Invalid names: Andrewsarchidae Szalay and Gould 1966 [empty], Wyolestidae [empty]
G. †Mondegodon Tabuce et al. 2011
+
†Mondegodon eutrigonus Tabuce et al. 2011
Fm. †Triisodontidae Scott 1892
+
G. †Eoconodon Matthew and Granger 1921
+
†Eoconodon copanus Van Valen 1978
†Eoconodon coryphaeus Cope 1885
+
Invalid names: Mioclaenus bathygnathus Cope 1888 [synonym], Triisodon biculminatus Cope 1888 [synonym]
†Eoconodon gaudrianus Cope 1888
†Eoconodon ginibitohia Clemens and Williamson 2005
†Eoconodon hutchisoni Clemens 2011
†Eoconodon nidhoggi Van Valen 1978
G. †Goniacodon Scott 1892
+
†Goniacodon hiawathae Van Valen 1978
†Goniacodon levisanus Cope 1883
G. †Stelocyon Gingerich 1978
+
†Stelocyon arctylos Gingerich 1978
G. †Triisodon Cope 1881
+
+
Invalid names: Triisodon rusticus Cope 1884 [synonym]
†Triisodon quivirensis Cope 1881
+
Invalid names: Sarcothraustes antiquus Cope 1882 [synonym], Triisodon conidens Cope 1882 [synonym]
Invalid names: Sarcothraustes Cope 1882 [synonym]
Invalid names: Oxyclaenidae Scott 1892 [invalid subgroup]
Unr. †Bulbulodentata Archibald 1998
+
Fm. †Periptychidae Cope 1882 [condylarth]
+
G. †Alticonus Eberle and Lillegraven 1998
+
†Alticonus gazini Eberle and Lillegraven 1998
G. †Ampliconus Eberle and Lillegraven 1998
+
†Ampliconus antoni Eberle and Lillegraven 1998
†Ampliconus browni Eberle and Lillegraven 1998
Subfm. †Anisonchinae Osborne and Earle 1895
+
G. †Haploconus Cope 1882
+
†Haploconus angustus Cope 1881
+
Invalid names: Haploconus corniculatus Cope 1888 [synonym], Haploconus inopinatus Gazin 1939 [synonym], Haploconus xiphodon Cope 1882 [synonym]
†Haploconus elachistus Gazin 1941
†Haploconus entoconus Cope 1882
+
Invalid names: Anisonchus coniferus Cope 1882 [synonym]
†Haploconus lineatus Cope 1882
G. †Pseudanisonchus Zhang et al. 1979
+
†Pseudanisonchus antelios Zhang et al. 1979
G. †Anisonchus Cope 1881
+
†Anisonchus athelas Van Valen 1978
+
Invalid names: Anisonchus eowynae Van Valen 1978 [synonym]
†Anisonchus fortunatus Simpson 1932
†Anisonchus oligistus Gazin 1941
†Anisonchus onostus Gazin 1939
†Anisonchus sectorius Cope 1881
+
Invalid names: Anisonchus dracus Gazin 1939 [synonym], Mioclaenus mandibularis Cope 1881 [synonym], Zetodon gracilis Cope 1883 [synonym]
†Anisonchus willeyi Rigby, Jr. 1980
Invalid names: Zetodon Cope 1883 [synonym]
G. †Auraria Middleton and Dewar 2004
+
†Auraria urbana Middleton and Dewar 2004
G. †Beornus Atteberry and Eberle 2021
+
†Beornus honeyi Atteberry and Eberle 2021
G. †Conacodon Matthew 1897
+
†Conacodon cophater Cope 1884
†Conacodon delphae Eberle and Lillegraven 1998
†Conacodon harbourae Eberle and Lillegraven 1998
†Conacodon hettingeri Atteberry and Eberle 2021
†Conacodon kohlbergeri Archibald et al. 1983
+
Invalid names: Conacodon utahensis Robison 1986 [synonym]
†Conacodon matthewi Middleton and Dewar 2004
G. †Escatepos Reynolds 1936
+
†Escatepos campi Reynolds 1936
G. †Goleroconus McKenna and Honey 2008
+
†Goleroconus alfi McKenna and Honey 2008
G. †Hemithlaeus Cope 1882
+
†Hemithlaeus josephi Van Valen 1978
G. †Miniconus Atteberry and Eberle 2021
+
†Miniconus archibaldi Middleton and Dewar 2004
†Miniconus jeanninae Atteberry and Eberle 2021
G. †Mithrandir Cifelli 1983
+
†Mithrandir gillianus Cope 1882
+
Invalid names: Anisonchus apiculatus Cope 1884 [synonym]
Invalid names: Gillisonchus Rigby 1981 [synonym]
G. †Oxyacodon Osborn and Earle 1895
+
†Oxyacodon agapetillus Cope 1884
+
Invalid names: Fimbrethil ambaronae Van Valen 1978 [synonym]
†Oxyacodon apiculatus Osborn and Earle 1895
†Oxyacodon ferronensis Archibald et al. 1983
†Oxyacodon marshater Van Valen 1978
†Oxyacodon priscilla Matthew 1937
Invalid names: Fimbrethil Van Valen 1978 [synonym]
G. †Paleoungulatum Kelly 2014
+
†Paleoungulatum hooleyi Kelly 2014
Subfm. †Periptychinae Osborn and Earle 1895
+
G. †Ectoconus Cope 1884
+
†Ectoconus cavigellii Eberle and Lillegraven 1998
†Ectoconus ditrigonus Cope 1882
+
Invalid names: Ectoconus majusculus Matthew 1937 [synonym]
†Ectoconus symbolus Gazin 1941
G. †Periptychus Cope 1881
+
+
Invalid names: Catathlaeus rhabdodon Cope 1881 [synonym], Eohyus robustus Marsh 1894 [synonym], Periptychus gilmorei Gazin 1938 [synonym], Periptychus superstes Matthew 1935 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Periptychus brabensis Cope 1888 [synonym], Periptychus hamaxitus Gazin 1941 [synonym], Periptychus matthewi Simpson 1936 [synonym], Plagioptychus matthewi Simpson 1936 [synonym]
Invalid names: Carsioptychus Simpson 1936 [synonym], Catathlaeus Cope 1881 [synonym], Plagioptychus Matthew 1936 [synonym]
G. †Tinuviel Van Valen 1978
+
†Tinuviel eurydice Van Valen 1978
Invalid names: Conacodontinae Archibald et al. 1983 [empty]
Or. Chiroptera Blumenbach 1779 [bat]
+
Fm. †Aegyptonycteridae Simmons et al. 2016
+
G. †Aegyptonycteris Simmons et al. 2016
+
†Aegyptonycteris knightae Simmons et al. 2016
G. †Archaeopteropus Meschinelli 1903
+
†Archaeopteropus transiens Meschinelli 1903
G. †Australonycteris Hand et al. 1994
+
†Australonycteris clarkae Hand et al. 1994
Subor. Frugivora Gill 1872
+
Invalid names: Pteropidae Gray 1821 [empty]
Fm. †Icaronycteridae Jepsen 1966
+
G. †Icaronycteris Jepsen 1966
+
†Icaronycteris gunnelli Rietbergen et al. 2023
†Icaronycteris index Jepsen 1966
†Icaronycteris menui Russell et al. 1973
†Icaronycteris sigei Smith et al. 2007
Unr. Microchiropteramorpha Simmons and Geisler 1998
+
Fm. †Archaeonycteridae Revilliod 1917
+
G. †Archaeonycteris Revilliod 1917
+
†Archaeonycteris brailloni Russell et al. 1973
†Archaeonycteris praecursor Tabuce et al. 2009
†Archaeonycteris relicta Harrison and Hooker 2010
†Archaeonycteris storchi Smith et al. 2007
G. †Cecilionycteris Heller 1935
+
†Cecilionycteris prisca Heller 1935
G. †Matthesia Smith and Storch 1981
G. †Palaeochiropteryx Revilliod 1917
+
†Palaeochiropteryx spiegeli Revilliod 1917
†Palaeochiropteryx tupaiodon Revilliod 1917
G. †Protonycteris Smith et al. 2007
+
†Protonycteris gunnelli Smith et al. 2007
Fm. †Hassianycterididae Habersetzer and Storch 1987
+
G. †Cambaya Bajpai et al. 2005
+
†Cambaya complexus Bajpai et al. 2005
G. †Hassianycteris Smith and Storch 1981
+
†Hassianycteris kumari Smith et al. 2007
G. †Jaegeria Bajpai et al. 2005
+
†Jaegeria cambayensis Bajpai et al. 2005
Subor. Microchiroptera Dobson 1875
+
G. †Afropterus Lavocat 1961
Invalid names: Icaronycteroidea [empty], Phyllostomatoidea [empty]
Fm. †Palaeochiropterygidae Revilliod 1917
+
G. †Anatolianycteris Jones et al. 2018
+
†Anatolianycteris insularis Jones et al. 2018
G. †Lapichiropteryx Tong 1997
+
†Lapichiropteryx xiei Tong 1997
G. †Microchiropteryx Smith et al. 2007
+
†Microchiropteryx folieae Smith et al. 2007
G. †Mixopteryx Weithofer 1887
+
†Mixopteryx dubia Weithofer 1887
†Mixopteryx weithoferi Maître 2008
Fm. †Nycterididae Vanderhoevan 1855
+
G. †Chibanycteris Sigé et al. 1994
+
†Chibanycteris herberti Sigé et al. 1994
Fm. †Onychonycteridae Simmons et al. 2008
+
G. †Onychonycteris Simmons et al. 2008
+
†Onychonycteris finneyi Simmons et al. 2008
Fm. †Philisidae Sigé 1985
+
G. †Dizzya Sige 1991
+
†Dizzya exsultans Sige 1991
G. †Philisis Sigé 1985
+
†Philisis sevketi Sigé et al. 1994
†Philisis sphingis Sigé 1985
G. †Scotophilisis HoráČek, et al. 2006
+
†Scotophilisis libycus HoráČek, et al. 2006
G. †Vampyravus Schlosser 1910
+
†Vampyravus orientalis Schlosser 1910
Invalid names: Provampyrus Schlosser 1911 [objective synonym]
G. †Witwatia Gunnell et al. 2008
+
†Witwatia eremicus Gunnell et al. 2008
†Witwatia schlosseri Gunnell et al. 2008
†Witwatia sigei Ravel et al. 2012
G. †Samonycteris Revilliod 1917
+
†Samonycteris majori Revilliod 1917
Fm. †Tanzanycterididae Gunnell et al. 2003
+
G. †Tanzanycteris Gunnell et al. 2003
+
†Tanzanycteris mannardi Gunnell et al. 2003
G. †Vesperugo Cope 1873
+
†Vesperugo anemophilus Cope 1880
Subor. Yangochiroptera Koopman 1984
+
+
Fm. Emballonuridae Dobson 1875 [sac-winged bat]
+
G. Balantiopteryx Peters 1867 [sac-winged bat]
G. †Dhofarella Sigé et al. 1994
G. Diclidurus Wied-Neuwied 1819 [ghost bat]
G. †Eppsinycteris Hooker 1996
G. †Pseudovespertiliavus Ravel et al. 2016
G. Rhynchonycteris Peters 1867 [proboscis bat]
G. Saccolaimus Temminck 1838
G. Saccopteryx Illiger 1811
G. †Tachypteron Storch et al. 2002
G. Taphozous Geoffroy 1818
G. †Vespertiliavus Schlosser 1877
Fm. Nycteridae [slit-faced bat]
+
G. †Khoufechia Ravel et al. 2016
G. Nycteris Geoffroy 1803
Fm. Myzopodidae Milne-Edwards and Grandidier 1878 [sucker-footed bat]
+
G. Myzopoda Milne-Edwards and Grandidier 1878
Superfm. Noctilionoidea Gray 1821
+
Fm. Furipteridae [smoky bat]
+
G. Furipterus Bonaparte 1837 [thumbless bat]
Fm. Mormoopidae [ghost-faced bat]
+
G. Mormoops Leach 1821
G. Pteronotus Gray 1838 [mustached bat]
Fm. Mystacinidae Dobson 1875 [New Zealand short-tailed bat]
+
G. Mystacina Gray 1843
G. †Vulcanops Hand et al. 2018
Fm. Noctilionidae Gray 1821 [bulldog bat]
+
G. Noctilio Linnaeus 1766 [bulldog bat]
Fm. Phyllostomidae Gray 1825 [leaf-nosed bat]
+
G. Brachyphylla Gray 1834 [fruit-eating bat]
Subfm. Carolliinae Miller 1924
Subfm. Desmodontinae Bonaparte 1845
G. Erophylla Miller 1906
Subfm. Glossophaginae Bonaparte 1845
G. Lophostoma d'Orbigny 1836 [round-eared bat]
G. Macrophyllum Gray 1838 [Long-legged bat]
G. Macrotus Gray 1843 [leaf-nosed bat]
G. Micronycteris Gray 1866 [big-eared bat]
G. Mimon Gray 1838
G. Phylloderma Peters 1865
G. Phyllonycteris Gundlach 1861
Subfm. Phyllostominae Gray 1825
G. Trachops Gray 1847
G. Uroderma Peters 1865
Invalid names: Lonchophyllinae Griffiths 1982 [empty], Phyllostomatidae Savage 1951 [synonym]
Fm. Thyropteridae [disk-winged bat]
+
G. Thyroptera Spix 1823
+
G. †Chambinycteris Ravel et al. 2016
+
†Chambinycteris pusilli Ravel et al. 2016
G. †Drakonycteris Ravel et al. 2016
+
†Drakonycteris glibzegdouensis Ravel et al. 2016
Fm. Molossidae Gervais 1856 [free-tailed bat]
+
G. †Cuvierimops Legendre and Sigé 1983
G. Eumops Miller 1906 [mastiff bat]
+
Invalid names: Molossides Allen 1932 [synonym]
Subfm. Molossinae Gervais 1855
G. Mormopterus Peters 1865
G. Nyctinomus Geoffroy 1818
G. †Potamops Czaplewski 1997
G. †Rhizomops Legendre 1984
Subfm. Tadaridinae Legendre 1984
G. †Wallia Storer 1984
Fm. Natalidae Gray 1866 [funnel-eared bat]
+
G. †Ageina Russell et al. 1973
G. †Honrovits Beard et al. 1992
G. Natalus Gray 1838 [funnel-eared bat]
G. †Primonatalus Morgan and Czaplewski 2003
Fm. Vespertilionidae Gray 1821 [vesper bat]
+
G. †Ancenycteris Sutton and Genoways 1974
G. †Anzanycteris White 1969
G. Barbastella Gray 1821
G. †Chadronycteris Ostrander 1983
G. †Corynorhinus Allen 1865
G. Eptesicus Rafinesque 1820 [house bat]
G. †Hanakia Horáček 2001
G. †Ia Thomas 1902
G. †Karstala Czaplewski and Morgan 2001
Subfm. Kerivoulinae Miller 1907
G. †Khonsunycteris Gunnell et al. 2008
G. Lasionycteris Peters 1865
G. Lasiurus Gray 1831 [hairy-tailed bat]
G. Miniopterus Bonaparte 1837 [bend-winged bat]
G. †Miomyotis Lawrence 1943
G. †Miostrellus Rachl 1983
G. Murina Gray 1842
G. Myotis Kaup 1829
+
Invalid names: Pizonyx Miller 1906 [synonym]
Tr. Noctilioninia Gray 1825
G. Nyctalus Bowdich 1925
G. Nycticeius Rafinesque 1819
G. †Oligomyotis Galbreath 1962
G. †Paleptesicus Zapfe 1970
Tr. Phyllostomina Gray 1825
G. Pipistrellus Kaup 1829 [pipistrelle bat]
G. †Plionycteris Lindsay and Jacobs 1985
G. †Potamonycteris Czaplewski 1991
Tr. Pteropina Gray 1825
Tr. Rhinolophina Gray 1825
G. Rhogeessa Allen 1866 [lesser yellow bat]
G. Scotomanes Dobson 1875 [harlequin bat]
G. Scotophilus Leach 1821
G. †Shanwangia Yang 1977
G. †Simonycteris Stirton 1931
G. †Stehlinia Revilliod 1919
+
Invalid names: Nycterobius Revilliod 1922 [objective synonym], Paleunycteris Revilliod 1919 [synonym], Revilliodia Simpson 1945 [objective synonym]
G. †Suaptenos Lawrence 1943
G. Tylonycteris Peters 1872 [bamboo bat]
G. Vespertilio Linnaeus 1758
Subfm. Vespertilionae Kurten and Anderson 1980
Tr. Vespertilionina Gray 1825
Invalid names: Myotinae Tate 1942 [empty], Nyctophylinae [empty], Vespertilioninae Gray 1821 [empty]
Subor. Yinpterochiroptera Koopman 1984
+
Fm. Pteropodidae Gray 1821 [fruit bat]
+
G. Eidolon Rafinesque 1815
G. Notopteris Gray 1859
G. Nyctimene Borkhausen 1797
+
Nyctimene major Dobson 1877
Invalid names: Cephalotes Geoffroy 1810 [objective synonym]
G. Pteropus Brisson 1762 [flying fox]
+
Pteropus alecto Temminck 1837 [Black flying fox]
Pteropus giganteus Brünnich 1782
Pteropus hypomelanus Temminck 1853
Pteropus intermedius Andersen 1908 [Andersen's flying fox]
Pteropus lylei Andersen 1908 [Lyles flying fox]
Pteropus mariannus Desmarest 1822 [Marianas flying fox]
Pteropus melanotus Blyth 1863 [Black-eared flying fox]
Pteropus niger Kerr 1792 [Mauritian flying fox]
Pteropus poliocephalus Temminck 1825
Pteropus vampyrus Linnaeus 1758 [large flying fox]
G. Rousettus Gray 1821 [rousette]
+
Subg. Rousettus (Rousettus) Gray 1821
†Rousettus pattersoni Gunnell and Manthi 2018
G. †Turkanycteris Gunnell and Manthi 2018
+
†Turkanycteris harrisi Gunnell and Manthi 2018
Invalid names: Propottininae Butler 1984 [empty]
+
Fm. Hipposideridae Lydekker 1891 [leaf-nosed bat]
+
G. Anthops Thomas 1888
G. Aselliscus Tate 1941
Tr. †Hipposiderini Lydekker 1891
G. Hipposideros Gray 1831 [roundleaf bat]
G. †Miophyllorhina Hand 1997
G. †Palaeophyllophora Revilliod 1917
G. †Palaeophyllopora Revilliod 1922
G. †Paraphyllophora Revilliod 1922
Tr. Rhinonycterini Gray 1866
G. †Riversleigha Hand 1998
G. Triaenops Dobson 1871 [trident bat]
G. †Vaylatsia Sige 1990
G. †Xenorhinos Hand 1998
Fm. Megadermatidae Allen 1864 [false vampire]
+
G. Cardioderma Peters 1873 [Heart-nosed bat]
G. Lavia Gray 1838
G. Macroderma Miller
G. Megaderma Geoffroy 1810
G. †Saharaderma Gunnell et al. 2008
Fm. †Necromantidae Sigé 2011
+
G. †Necromantis Weithofer 1887
Fm. Rhinolophidae Gray 1825 [horseshoe bat]
+
G. †Palaeonycteris Pomel 1854
G. Rhinolophus Lacépède 1799
Fm. Rhinopomatidae [mouse-tailed bat]
+
G. †Qarunycteris Gunnell et al. 2008
Invalid names: Craseonycteridae [empty]
Invalid names: Animalivora Gill 1872 [empty], Eochiroptera Van Valen 1979 [empty], Fructivorae Gray 1821 [empty], Insectivorae Gray 1821 [empty], Megachiroptera Dobson 1875 [empty]
Unr. Euungulata Waddell et al. 2001
+
Unr. Artiodactylamorpha Spaulding et al. 2009
+
Unr. Artiodactyla Owen 1848 [even-toed ungulate]
+
Subfm. †Antiacodontinae
+
G. †Sarcolemur Cope 1875
Superfm. †Cainotherioidea Camp and VanDerHoof 1940
+
Fm. †Cainotheriidae Cope 1881
Fm. †Robiacinidae Weppe et al. 2019
Superfm. †Choeropotamoidea
+
Fm. †Choeropotamidae Owen 1845
Fm. †Climacoceratidae Hamilton 1978
+
G. †Climacoceras MacInnes 1936
G. †Prolibytherium Arambourg 1961
Invalid names: Climacoceratinae Hamilton 1978 [empty], Sperrgebietomerycinae Morales et al. 1999 [empty]
Fm. †Diacodexeidae Krishtalka and Stucky 1985
+
G. †Bunophorus Sinclair 1914
G. †Diacodexis Cope 1882
+
Invalid names: Gujaratia Bajpai et al. 2005 [synonym], Trigonolestes Cope 1894 [synonym], Wasatchia Sinclair 1914 [synonym]
G. †Magwetherium Ducrocq et al. 2016
G. †Neodiacodexis West and Atkins 1970
G. †Simpsonodus Krishtalka and Stucky 1986
G. †Tapochoerus McKenna 1959
Invalid names: Bunophorinae Stucky and Krishtalka 1990 [empty]
Superfm. †Dichobunoidea Gill 1872
+
G. †Acoessus Cope 1881
Fm. †Cebochoeridae Lydekker
Fm. †Dichobunidae Gill 1872
Fm. †Helohyidae Marsh 1877
Fm. †Homacodontidae Marsh 1849
Fm. †Leptochoeridae Marsh 1894
Fm. †Mixtotheriidae Pearson 1927
Fm. †Raoellidae Sahni et al. 1981
G. †Eolantianus Averianov 1996
+
†Eolantianus russelli Averianov 1996
G. †Hsanotherium Ducrocq et al. 2000
+
†Hsanotherium parvum Ducrocq et al. 2000
Fm. †Merycoidodontidae Cook 1912 [oreodont]
+
Subfm. †Aclistomycterinae Lander 1998
Subfm. †Brachycrurinae Stevens and Stevens 1996
Subfm. †Eporeodontinae Schultz and Falkenbach 1968
Subfm. †Leptaucheniinae Schultz and Falkenbach 1940
Subfm. †Merychyinae Simpson 1945
Subfm. †Merycochoerinae Schultz and Falkenbach 1940
Subfm. †Merycoidodontinae Hay 1902
Subfm. †Miniochoerinae Schultz and Falkenbach 1956
Subfm. †Oreonetinae Schultz and Falkenbach 1956
Subfm. †Promerycochoerinae Schultz and Falkenbach 1949
Subfm. †Ticholeptinae Schultz and Falkenbach 1941
Subfm. †Ustatochoerinae Stevens and Stevens 1996
Invalid names: Desmatochoerinae Schultz and Falkenbach 1954 [invalid subgroup], Oreodontidae Leidy 1869 [synonym], Phenacocoelinae Schultz and Falkenbach 1950 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Myanmarius Tsubamoto et al. 2013
+
†Myanmarius chitseini Tsubamoto et al. 2013
Subor. Omnivora
+
G. †Hadrohyus Leidy 1872
Superfm. †Pantolestoidea Cope 1887
+
Invalid names: Eohyidae Marsh 1894 [empty]
G. †Raphenacodus Gabunia 1971
Unr. Ruminantiamorpha Spaulding et al. 2009
+
Fm. †Protoceratidae Marsh 1891 [protoceratid]
Unr. Ruminantia Scopoli 1777 [ruminant]
Subor. Suiformes Jaeckel 1911
+
Invalid names: Anthracotherioidea Gill 1872 [empty], Palaeodonta Matthew [synonym]
Superfm. Suoidea Gray 1821
+
G. †Doliochoerus Filhol 1882
G. †Egatochoerus Ducrocq 1994
G. †Palaeochoerus Pomel 1847
Fm. †Sanitheriidae Simpson 1945
G. †Schizochoerus Crusafont-Pairo and Lavocat 1954
Fm. Suidae Gray 1821 [pig]
+
Invalid names: Phacochoeridae Gray 1868 [synonym]
G. †Taucanamo Simpson 1945
Invalid names: Palaeochoeridae Matthew 1924 [invalid subgroup], Suina Gray 1868 [invalid subgroup], Suinamorpha Spaulding et al. 2009 [synonym]
G. †Tragulohyus Gervais 1874
Subor. Tylopoda Illiger 1811
+
Fm. †Amphimerycidae Stehlin 1910
Superfm. †Anoplotherioidea Bonaparte 1850
Superfm. †Cameloidea
Fm. †Oromerycidae Gazin 1955
Invalid names: Camelidamorpha Spaulding et al. 2009 [synonym], Oreodontoidea Gill 1872 [empty], Xiphodontoidea Flower 1883 [empty]
Unr. Whippomorpha Waddell et al. 1999
+
Invalid names: Anthracotheriodea Leidy 1869 [empty]
Invalid names: Achaenodontidae [empty], Ancodonta Matthew [empty], Antiacodontidae Krishtalka and Stucky 1985 [empty], Booidea [empty], Caenotheriidae [empty], Cetancodontamorpha Spaulding et al. 2009 [empty], Cetartiodactyla Montgelard et al. 1997 [synonym], Eurytheriidae Cope 1889 [empty], Haplobunodontidae Sudre 1978 [empty], Hyodonta Matthew 1929 [empty], Leptochoerinae [empty], Merycoidodontoidea [empty], Neoselenodontia Webb and Taylor 1980 [empty], Nonruminantia Gregory 1910 [empty], Nothokemadidae White 1947 [invalid subgroup], Trigonolestidae [empty]
Unr. †Panperissodactyla Welker et al. 2015
+
Or. †Panameriungulata de Muizon and Cifelli 2000
+
Fm. †Didolodontidae Simpson 1934
+
G. †Archaeohyracotherium Ameghino 1906
G. †Argyrolambda Ameghino 1904
G. †Depaulacoutoia Cifelli and Ortiz-Jaureguizar 2014
+
Invalid names: Paulacoutoia Cifelli 1983 [replaced]
G. †Didolodus Ameghino 1897
+
Invalid names: Cephanodus Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Lonchoconus Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Nephacodus Ameghino 1902 [synonym]
G. †Enneoconus Ameghino 1901
G. †Ernestokokenia Ameghino 1901
+
Invalid names: Notoprotogonia Ameghino 1904 [synonym]
G. †Escribania Bonaparte et al. 1993
G. †Lamegoia Paula Couto 1952
G. †Paulogervaisia Ameghino 1901
G. †Proectocion Ameghino 1904
+
Invalid names: Oxybunotherium Pascual 1965 [synonym]
G. †Raulvaccia Bonaparte et al. 1993
G. †Ricardocifellia Mones 2015
G. †Salladolodus Soria and Hoffstetter 1983
G. †Saltaodus Gelfo et al. 2020
G. †Umayodus Gelfo and Sigé 2011
Invalid names: Bunolitopternidae Schlosser 1823 [synonym], Didolodidae Scott 1913 [replaced]
Subor. †Litopterna Ameghino 1889
+
Fm. †Adianthidae Ameghino 1891
G. †Eolicaphrium Ameghino 1902
Subor. †Lopholipterna Cifelli 1983
Fm. †Macraucheniidae Ameghino 1889
Fm. †Mesorhinidae Ameghino 1891
Fm. †Notonychopidae Soria 1989
Fm. †Proterotheriidae Ameghino 1887
+
Invalid names: Bunodontheridae Mercerat 1891 [synonym]
Fm. †Protolipternidae Cifelli 1983
Fm. †Sparnotheriodontidae Soria 1980
G. †Thoatheriopsis Soria 2001
Invalid names: Eolitopterna Soria 2001 [empty], Lambdaconus elegans Roth 1904 [nomen dubium], Paulogervaisia celata Ameghino 1901 [nomen dubium], Proacrodon Roth 1899 [nomen vanum], Proacrodon transformatus Roth 1899 [nomen vanum], Proadiantus gibbus Ameghino 1901 [nomen vanum]
Superor. Perissodactylamorpha Rose et al. 2020
+
Or. Perissodactyla Owen 1848 [odd-toed ungulate]
+
Fm. †Anthracobunidae Wells and Gingerich 1983
Fm. †Brontotheriidae Marsh 1873 [brontothere]
+
Invalid names: Titanotheriidae [synonym]
Fm. †Cambaytheriidae Bajpai et al. 2005
G. †Cambaytherium Bajpai et al. 2005
+
Invalid names: Indobune Rose et al. 2006 [synonym]
Or. †Desmostylia Reinhart 1953 [desmostylian]
+
Invalid names: Desmostyliformes Hay 1923 [synonym]
Superfm. Equoidea Hay 1902
G. †Ghazijhippus Missiaen and Gingerich 2014
G. †Hallensia Franzen and Haubold 1986
Subor. †Lophodontomorpha Hooker and Dashzeveg 2004
G. †Mesolambdolophus Holbrook and Lapergola 2011
G. †Nakusia Ginsburg et al. 1999
G. †Paschatherium Russell 1963
G. †Perissobune Missiaen and Gingerich 2014
G. †Skopaiolophus Métais et al. 2006
Subor. †Solidungula Cuvier
Unr. Tapiromorpha Haeckel 1873
+
Invalid names: Moropomorpha [synonym]
G. †Teilhardimys Kretzoi and Kretzoi 2000
+
Invalid names: Microhyus Teilhard de Chardin 1927 [replaced]
Invalid names: Chelodactyla Scott 1913 [empty], Equina Bonaparte 1850 [empty], Hippopotamus iravaticus Noetling 1897 [nomen dubium], Hyracotheriidae Cope 1881 [empty], Mesaxonia Marsh 1884 [empty], Rhinocerotida Owen 1845 [empty], Selenida McKenna and Bell 1997 [invalid subgroup], Stereopterna Ameghino 1889 [empty], Triplopodidae Cope 1881 [empty]
G. †Radinskya McKenna et al. 1989
+
†Radinskya yupingae McKenna et al. 1989
Invalid names: Anthracobunia Ginsburg et al. 1999 [empty]
Unr. Phenacodonta McKenna 1975
+
G. †Olbitherium Tong et al. 2004
+
†Olbitherium millenariusum Tong et al. 2004
Fm. †Phenacodontidae Cope 1881 [condylarth]
+
G. †Almogaver Crusafont-Pairo and Villalta 1954
G. †Copecion Gingerich 1989
G. †Eodesmatodon Zheng and Chi 1978
G. †Lophocion Wang and Tong 1997
Subfm. †Meniscotheriinae Cope 1882
G. †Phenacodus Cope 1873
+
Invalid names: Eohyus Marsh 1894 [synonym], Opisthotomus Cope 1875 [synonym], Trispondylus Cope 1884 [replaced]
G. †Tetraclaenodon Scott 1892
+
Invalid names: Euprotogonia Cope 1893 [synonym], Protogonia Cope 1881 [synonym]
Invalid names: Eparctocyona McKenna 1975 [synonym], Ungulata Linnaeus 1766 [synonym]
Unr. Ferae Linnaeus 1758
+
Unr. Carnivoramorpha Wyss and Flynn 1993
+
Unr. †Carnivoraformes Flynn et al.
+
G. †Africtis Mattingly et al. 2020
+
†Africtis sirtensis Mattingly et al. 2020
Or. Carnivora Bowditch 1821 [carnivoran]
+
G. †Adracon Filhol 1884
Subor. Caniformia Kretzoi 1943
G. †Cryptailurus Martin and Lim 2001
Subor. Feliformia Kretzoi 1945
Subor. Fissipedia Blumenbach 1791
Superfm. †Miacoidea Cope
G. †Monachiopsis Kretzoi 1941
Fm. †Percrocutidae Werdelin and Solounias 1991
G. †Pristinictis Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
G. †Ravenictis Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
G. †Thos Bogachev
Invalid names: Eosictis Scott 1945 [nomen dubium], Felidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Phocidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Protelidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Protoferi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Ursina Gray 1825 [empty], Ursocanidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Viverra memphitis Linnaeus 1758 [nomen vanum]
G. †Dormaalocyon Solé et al. 2014
+
†Dormaalocyon latouri Quinet 1966
G. †Gracilocyon Smith and Smith 2010
+
†Gracilocyon igniculus Beard and Dawson 2009
†Gracilocyon rosei Heinrich et al. 2008
†Gracilocyon rundlei Hooker 2010
†Gracilocyon solei Smith and Smith 2010
†Gracilocyon winkleri Gingerich 1983
G. Lycarion Matthew 1909
+
†Lycarion medius Matthew 1909
G. †Miacis Cope 1872
+
†Miacis bathygnathus Scott 1888
†Miacis boqinghensis Huang et al. 1999
†Miacis deutschi Gingerich 1983
†Miacis edax Leidy 1872
†Miacis exiguus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Miacis gracilis Clark 1939
†Miacis hookwayi Stock 1934
†Miacis invictus Matthew and Granger 1925
†Miacis latidens Matthew and Granger 1915
†Miacis lushiensis Chow 1975
†Miacis parvivorus Cope 1872
†Miacis petilus Gingerich 1983
†Miacis rundlei Hooker 2010
†Miacis vorax Leidy 1872
†Miacis vulpinus Scott and Osborn 1887
Invalid names: Harpalodon Marsh 1872 [synonym], Prodaphaenus Wortman and Matthew 1899 [synonym]
G. †Neovulpavus Wortman 1901
+
†Neovulpavus mccarrolli Tomiya et al. 2021
†Neovulpavus washakius Wortman 1901
G. †Palaearctonyx Matthew 1909
+
†Palaearctonyx meadi Matthew 1909
G. †Paramiacis Filhol 1876
+
†Paramiacis exilis Filhol 1876
†Paramiacis teilhardi Mathis 1987
G. †Procynodictis Wortman and Matthew 1899
+
†Procynodictis vulpiceps Wortman and Matthew 1899
Invalid names: Plesiomiacis Simpson 1945 [synonym]
G. †Quercygale Kretzoi 1945
+
†Quercygale angustidens Filhol 1872
†Quercygale hastingsae Davies 1884
†Quercygale helvetica Rutimeyer 1882
†Quercygale smithi Solé 2014
Invalid names: Humbertia De Beaumont 1965 [objective synonym]
G. †Uintacyon Leidy 1873
+
†Uintacyon acutus Thorpe 1923
†Uintacyon asodes Gazin 1952
†Uintacyon gingerichi Heinrich et al. 2008
†Uintacyon hookeri Solé 2014
†Uintacyon jugulans Matthew 1909
†Uintacyon rudis Rose 1981
G. †Vassacyon Matthew 1909
+
†Vassacyon bowni Heinrich et al. 2008
†Vassacyon prieuri Solé et al. 2016
†Vassacyon promicrodon Wortman and Matthew 1899
†Vassacyon taxidiotis Solé et al. 2013
G. †Vulpavus Marsh 1871
+
Subg. †Vulpavus (Phlaodectes) Matthew 1909
†Vulpavus australis Matthew and Granger 1915
+
Invalid names: Vulpavus asius Gazin 1952 [synonym]
†Vulpavus canavus Cope 1881
+
Invalid names: Miacis brevirostris Cope 1881 [synonym]
†Vulpavus completus Matthew 1909
†Vulpavus farsonensis Gunnell 1998
†Vulpavus hargeri Wortman 1901
†Vulpavus ovatus Matthew 1909
†Vulpavus palustris Marsh 1871
†Vulpavus profectus Matthew 1909
G. †Xinyuictis Zheng et al. 1975
+
†Xinyuictis tenuis Zheng et al. 1975
G. †Zodiocyon Tong and Wang 2006
+
†Zodiocyon zetesios Tong and Wang 2006
G. †Dawsonicyon Spaulding et al. 2010
+
†Dawsonicyon isami Spaulding et al. 2010
G. †Oodectes Wortman 1901
+
†Oodectes herpestoides Wortman 1901
+
Invalid names: Oodectes proximus Matthew 1909 [synonym], Paeneprolimnocyon amissadomus Guthrie 1967 [synonym], Triacodon nanus Marsh 1872 [synonym]
†Oodectes jepseni Guthrie 1967
+
Invalid names: Paeneprolimnocyon iudei Guthrie 1967 [synonym]
†Oodectes pugnax Wortman and Matthew 1899
Invalid names: Paeneprolimnocyon Guthrie 1967 [synonym]
G. †Tapocyon Stock 1934
+
†Tapocyon dawsonae Wesley and Flynn 2003
†Tapocyon robustus Peterson 1919
+
Invalid names: Tapocyon occidentalis Stock 1934 [synonym]
Fm. †Viverravidae Wortman and Matthew 1899
+
G. †Didymictis Cope 1875
+
†Didymictis altidens Cope 1880
†Didymictis dellensis Dorr 1952
†Didymictis leptomylus Cope 1880
†Didymictis protenus Cope 1874
+
Invalid names: Didymictis curtidens Cope 1882 [synonym]
†Didymictis proteus Polly 1997
†Didymictis vancleveae Robinson 1966
G. †Orientictis Huang and Zheng 2005
+
†Orientictis spanios Huang and Zheng 2005
G. †Preonictis Tong and Wang 2006
+
†Preonictis youngi Tong and Wang 2006
G. †Protictis Matthew
+
Subg. †Protictis (Bryanictis) MacIntyre 1966
Subg. †Protictis (Protictis) Matthew 1937
Subg. †Protictis (Protictoides) Flynn and Galiano 1982
†Protictis agastor Gingerich and Winkler 1985
†Protictis haydenianus Cope 1882
+
Invalid names: Didymictis primus Cope 1884 [synonym], Prolimnocyon macfaddeni Rigby, Jr. 1980 [synonym]
†Protictis minor Meehan and Wilson 2002
†Protictis paralus Holtzman 1978
†Protictis simpsoni Meehan and Wilson 2002
G. †Simpsonictis MacIntyre 1962
+
†Simpsonictis jaynanneae Rigby, Jr. 1980
†Simpsonictis pegus Gingerich and Winkler 1985
†Simpsonictis tenuis Simpson 1935
G. †Variviverra Tong and Wang 2006
+
†Variviverra vegetatus Tong and Wang 2006
G. †Viverravus Marsh 1872
+
†Viverravus acutus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Viverravus gracilis Marsh 1872
+
Invalid names: Didymictis dawkinsianus Cope 1881 [synonym], Harpalodon vulpinus Marsh 1872 [synonym], Triacodon fallax Marsh 1871 [synonym], Ziphacodon rugatus Marsh 1872 [synonym]
†Viverravus lawsoni Hooker 2010
†Viverravus laytoni Gingerich and Winkler 1985
+
Invalid names: Viverravus bowni Gingerich 1987 [synonym]
†Viverravus lutosus Gazin 1952
†Viverravus minutus Wortman 1901
†Viverravus nitidus Marsh 1872
†Viverravus politus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Viverravus rosei Polly 1997
†Viverravus schaffi Gingerich and Winkler 1985
†Viverravus sicarius Matthew 1909
Invalid names: Ziphacodon Marsh 1872 [synonym]
G. †Viverriscus Beard and Dawson 2009
+
†Viverriscus omnivorus Beard and Dawson 2009
Invalid names: Deltatherium durini Van Valen 1978 [nomen dubium], Didymictidae Flynn and Galiano 1982 [synonym]
Or. †Creodonta Cope 1875 [creodont]
+
G. †Altacreodus Fox 2015
+
†Altacreodus magnus Clemens and Russell 1965
Or. †Hyaenodonta Van Valen 1967
+
G. †Eoproviverra Solé et al. 2014
+
†Eoproviverra eisenmanni Godinot 1981
Superfm. †Hyaenodontoidea Leidy 1869
+
Fm. †Hyaenodontidae Leidy 1869
Subfm. †Proviverrinae Schlosser 1886
Superfm. †Hyainailouroidea Borths et al. 2016
+
Unr. †Hyainailouridae Solé et al. 2015
G. †Kyawdawia Egi et al. 2005
G. †Metasinopa Osborn 1909
G. †Paratritemnodon Ranga Rao 1973
Unr. †Teratodontinae Savage 1965
Subfm. †Limnocyoninae Wortman 1902
+
G. †Iridodon Morlo and Gunnell 2003
G. †Limnocyon Marsh 1872
+
Invalid names: Telmatocyon Marsh 1899 [synonym]
G. †Oxyaenodon Matthew 1899
G. †Prolaena Xu et al. 1979
G. †Prolimnocyon Matthew and Granger 1915
G. †Thinocyon Marsh 1872
+
Invalid names: Entomodon Marsh 1872 [synonym]
Invalid names: Limnocyonini Wortman 1902 [empty], Machaeroidini Matthew 1909 [empty]
Invalid names: Oxyaenoidea Cope 1877 [empty]
Unr. †Oxyaenodonta Van Valen 1971
+
Fm. †Oxyaenidae Cope 1877
+
G. †Dipsalidictis Matthew and Granger 1915
+
Invalid names: Dipsalidictides Denison 1938 [synonym]
G. †Dipsalodon Jepsen 1930
G. †Dormaalodon Lange-Badré 1987
G. †Machaeroides Matthew 1909
Subfm. †Machaeroidinae
Subfm. †Oxyaeninae Trouessart 1885
Subfm. †Palaeonictinae Denison 1938
G. †Sarkastodon Granger 1938
G. †Tytthaena Gingerich 1980
Invalid names: Ambloctonidae Cope 1877 [empty], Amblyctonidae Cope 1877 [empty], Hyaenodontida Leidy 1869 [empty], Limnocyonidae [empty], Uintacyonidae Hay 1902 [empty]
Unr. †Pholidotamorpha Gaudin et al. 2009
+
Subor. †Palaeanodonta Matthew 1918
+
G. †Amelotabes Rose 1978
+
†Amelotabes simpsoni Rose 1978
G. †Arcticanodon Rose et al. 2004
+
†Arcticanodon dawsonae Rose et al. 2004
Fm. †Epoicotheriidae Simpson 1927
+
G. †Alocodontulum Rose et al. 1978
G. †Auroratherium Tong and Wang 1997
G. †Dipassalus Rose et al. 1991
G. †Epoicotherium Simpson 1927
+
Invalid names: Pseudochrysochloris Turnbull and Reed 1967 [synonym], Xenotherium Douglass 1905 [replaced]
G. †Tetrapassalus Simpson 1959
G. †Tubulodon Jepsen 1932
+
Invalid names: Alocodon Rose et al. 1977 [synonym], Pentapassalus Gazin 1952 [synonym]
G. †Xenocranium Colbert 1942
G. †Ernanodon Ding 1979
+
†Ernanodon antelios Ding 1979
Fm. †Escavadodontidae Rose and Lucas 2000
+
G. †Escavadodon Rose and Lucas 2000
G. †Melaniella Fox 1984
+
†Melaniella timosa Fox 1984
Fm. †Metacheiromyidae Wortman 1903
+
G. †Brachianodon Gunnell and Gingerich 1993
G. †Metacheiromys Wortman 1903
G. †Mylanodon Secord et al. 2002
G. †Palaeanodon Matthew 1918
G. †Propalaeanodon Rose 1979
Or. Pholidota Weber 1904 [pangolin]
+
Unr. †Eupholidota Gaudin et al. 2009
+
G. †Eomanis Storch 1978
Unr. †Manoidea Gaudin et al.
G. †Eurotamandua Storch 1981
+
Eurotamandua joresi Storch 1981
G. †Leptomanis Filhol 1894
+
†Leptomanis edwardsi Filhol 1894
Invalid names: Eomanidae Storch 2003 [empty], Squamata Huxley 1872 [synonym]
Invalid names: Ostentoria [synonym]
Unr. Fereuungulata Waddell et al. 1999
+
Invalid names: Zooamata Waddell et al. 1999 [empty]
Invalid names: Variamana [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Maximum body mass: 1000 kgg
Minimum body mass: 5 gg
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: scansorialsubc
Diet: insectivoresubc
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-09-06 20:43:42
Modified: 2005-09-06 22:44:32
Source: g = genus, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Lillegraven 1979, Czaplewski 1997, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Martin 1990, Legendre 1988, Ji et al. 2002

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Turonian to the top of the Holocene or 93.50000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 89.3 Ma

Collections (15203 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian93.5 - 89.3Uzbekistan (Navoi) Periptychidae indet. (58168)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0India (Madhya Pradesh) Kharmerungulatum vanvaleni (75493)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Cimolestes magnus (14519 14598) Protungulatum sp. (14514)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0Canada (Saskatchewan) Cimolestes magnus (14558)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0USA (Montana) Cimolestes magnus (14516 14532)
Lancian70.6 - 66.0Canada (Alberta) Cimolestes magnus (14630 14633 14635 14637)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Montana) Baioconodon nordicus, Paleoungulatum hooleyi (183109) Protungulatum coombsi (110464) Protungulatum gorgun (14674)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (North Dakota) Cimolestes magnus (45144)
Pu166.0 - 63.3USA (Montana) Protungulatum donnae, Mimatuta minuial (14762)
Pu366.0 - 63.3USA (Montana) Eoconodon hutchisoni (143205) Eoconodon hutchisoni, Eoconodon nidhoggi (218647) Oxyacodon ferronensis, Eoconodon hutchisoni, Eoconodon nidhoggi (14738)
Puercan66.0 - 63.3USA (Wyoming) Arctocyonidae indet. (14715 14735) Arctocyonidae indet., Conacodon cophater, Periptychus coarctatus, Ectoconus ditrigonus (14716) Arctocyonidae indet., Triisodontinae indet. (14805) Baioconodon sp. (14712) Conacodon cophater (14727) Ectoconus ditrigonus (14717) Loxolophus faulkneri, Loxolophus sp., Mithrandir gillianus, Ampliconus browni (14713) Loxolophus faulkneri, Mithrandir gillianus (14707) Loxolophus faulkneri, Oxyacodon priscilla, Mithrandir gillianus, Periptychus coarctatus, Periptychidae indet. (14706) Loxolophus hyattianus, Arctocyonidae indet., Oxyacodon agapetillus, Mithrandir gillianus, Eoconodon sp. (14731) Loxolophus hyattianus, Mithrandir gillianus (14728) Loxolophus priscus, Loxolophus hyattianus, Baioconodon middletoni, Oxyacodon priscilla, Oxyacodon agapetillus, Mithrandir gillianus, Alticonus gazini, Ectoconus cavigellii, Ampliconus antoni, Periptychidae indet. (14797) Maiorana ferrisensis, Protungulatum donnae, Mimatuta sp. (14711) Maiorana noctiluca, Oxyprimus galadrielae, Oxyprimus putorius, Mimatuta minuial, Loxolophus nordicus, Eoconodon sp., Oxyacodon josephi (14808) Maiorana noctiluca, Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus sp., Sigynorum magnadivisus, Mimatuta sp., Miniconus jeanninae, Beornus honeyi, Conacodon hettingeri, Conacodon harbourae, Ampliconus antoni (174233) Mimatuta makpialutae, Ragnarok wovokae (14807) Mimatuta sp. (14725) Mithrandir gillianus (14714 14718 14724 14726) Oxyacodon apiculatus (14734) Oxyclaenus cuspidatus, Arctocyonidae indet., Mithrandir gillianus, Conacodon cophater (14723) Oxyclaenus cuspidatus, Oxyclaenus sp., Baioconodon denverensis (14729) Oxyclaenus simplex (14803) Oxyprimus galadrielae, Arctocyonidae indet. (14804) Oxyprimus sp., Eoconodon sp. (14710) Periptychus coarctatus (14721 14733) Periptychus coarctatus, Periptychidae indet. (14719) Protungulatum donnae (14708 14709) Protungulatum donnae, Loxolophus priscus, Oxyacodon priscilla, Periptychus coarctatus (14720) Protungulatum gorgun, Protungulatum donnae, Arctocyonidae indet., Oxyacodon agapetillus, Mithrandir gillianus, Conacodon delphae, Ectoconus sp., Periptychidae indet., Conacodon harbourae (14722) Protungulatum sloani, Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus galadrielae, Oxyprimus sp., Mimatuta sp. (14796)
Puercan66.0 - 63.3USA (New Mexico) Arctocyon ferox (74549 125183) Hemithlaeus sp., Conacodon sp., Ectoconus sp., Anisonchus sp., Carsioptychus sp. (14661) Loxolophus hyattianus, Hemithlaeus kowalevskianus, Periptychus coarctatus, Ectoconus ditrigonus, Conacodon entoconus, Eoconodon gaudrianus, Gillisonchus gillianus (14794) Loxolophus kimbetovius, Loxolophus hyattianus, Oxyclaenus simplex, Oxyclaenus cuspidatus, Hemithlaeus kowalevskianus, Conacodon kohlbergeri, Periptychus coarctatus, Ectoconus ditrigonus, Conacodon entoconus, Dissacus navajovius, Eoconodon coryphaeus, Eoconodon gaudrianus, Gillisonchus gillianus (14703) Loxolophus kimbetovius, Oxyclaenus simplex, Oxyclaenus cuspidatus, Oxyacodon apiculatus, Oxyacodon priscilla, Escatepos campi, Hemithlaeus kowalevskianus, Conacodon cophater, Conacodon kohlbergeri, Periptychus coarctatus, Ectoconus ditrigonus, Conacodon entoconus, Eoconodon ginibitohia, Eoconodon coryphaeus, Eoconodon gaudrianus, Eoconodon sp., Mimotricentes mirielae, Fimbrethil ambaronae, Gillisonchus gillianus (14760) Loxolophus priscus, Loxolophus pentacus, Loxolophus hyattianus, Oxyclaenus simplex, Oxyclaenus cuspidatus, Oxyacodon apiculatus, Eoconodon coryphaeus, Chriacus antiquus, Protogonodon grangeri, Conacodon sp., Ectoconus sp., Gillisonchus gillianus, Plagioptychus matthewi (14662) Loxolophus priscus, Loxolophus pentacus, Loxolophus hyattianus, Periptychus coarctatus, Gillisonchus gillianus (14795)
Puercan66.0 - 63.3Canada (Saskatchewan) Loxolophus schizophrenus, Oxyclaenus sp., Baioconodon denverensis, Arctocyonidae indet. (14691) Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta sp., Ragnarok sp. (14756) Protungulatum donnae, Periptychidae indet. (14737) Ravenictis krausei, Carnivora indet., Carcinodon aquilonius, Loxolophus schizophrenus, Oxyclaenus corax, Baioconodon denverensis, Oxyacodon agapetillus, Anisonchus oligistus, Eoconodon sp. (14768)
Puercan66.0 - 63.3USA (North Dakota) Protungulatum sp., Oxyacodon priscilla (14765)
Puercan66.0 - 63.3USA (Utah) Anisonchus oligistus, Ectoconus maiusculus, Periptychidae indet. (224186) Ectoconus symbolus, Ectoconus sp., Periptychus hamaxitus (14748) Loxolophus pentacus, Oxyacodon ferronensis, Anisonchus oligistus, Anisonchus athelas, Ectoconus ditrigonus, Ectoconus symbolus, Periptychus hamaxitus (14736) Loxolophus pentacus, Oxyclaenus pugnax, Oxyacodon ferronensis, Oxyacodon apiculatus, Oxyacodon sp., Periptychus coarctatus, Ectoconus symbolus (14670) Loxolophus sp., Anisonchus athelas, Ectoconus ditrigonus, Conacodon utahensis (14739) Loxolophus spiekeri, Oxyclaenus pugnax, Oxyacodon apiculatus, Anisonchus onostus, Anisonchus athelas, Periptychus coarctatus, Ectoconus ditrigonus, Ectoconus symbolus, Haploconus elachistus, Haploconus sp. (14692) Oxyclaenus simplex, Eoconodon sp. (14791) Protogonodon sp., Loxolophus sp., Oxyclaenus sp., Oxyacodon marshater, Anisonchus oligistus, Anisonchus athelas, Carsioptychus hamaxitus, Ectoconus symbolus, Goniacodon hiawathae, Periptychus hamaxitus, Conacodon utahensis, Haploconus sp. (14790)
Puercan66.0 - 63.3USA (Montana) Baioconodon nordicus (14693) Carcinodon sp., Baioconodon nordicus, Oxyacodon ferronensis, Tinuviel eurydice (14744) Carcinodon sp., Loxolophus schizophrenus, Loxolophus sp., Oxyclaenus sp., Baioconodon nordicus, Oxyacodon ferronensis, Oxyacodon apiculatus, Tinuviel eurydice, Eoconodon nidhoggi (14745) Eoconodon hutchisoni (140079 218651 218655) Eoconodon nidhoggi (218650) Mimatuta minuial (14701) Mimatuta minuial, Ragnarok engdahli (14694) Mimatuta morgoth (14675 108198 108199) Mimatuta sp. (14801 14802) Mimatuta sp., Ragnarok nordicum (14668 14669 14740 14789) Oxyacodon ferronensis (218654) Oxyacodon ferronensis, Eoconodon hutchisoni (14799) Oxyacodon ferronensis, Eoconodon hutchisoni, Eoconodon nidhoggi (218648) Oxyacodon ferronensis, Eoconodon nidhoggi (218649) Oxyclaenus pugnax, Anisonchus oligistus, Tinuviel eurydice, Protungulatum sp., Oxprimus albertensis, Tricentes sp., Eoconodon sp., Oxyacodon josephi, Eoconodon sp. (14766) Oxyprimus erikseni (14696 14702) Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta sp. (14767) Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta sp., Ragnarok nordicum (14773) Oxyprimus erikseni, Ragnarok engdahli, Mimatuta morgoth (14742) Oxyprimus erikseni, Ragnarok nordicum (14660) Oxyprimus sp. (14665 14673) Protungulatum donnae (14663 14667 14753) Protungulatum donnae, Mimatuta morgoth, Mimatuta sp. (14771) Protungulatum donnae, Mimatuta sp., Periptychidae indet., Mimatuta sp. (14759) Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta minuial, Mimatuta morgoth, Mimatuta sp., Ragnarok nordicum (14777) Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta minuial, Mimatuta sp. (193844) Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta minuial, Ragnarok nordicum (14786) Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta morgoth (14671) Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta morgoth, Mimatuta sp., Ragnarok nordicum (14751) Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta morgoth, Ragnarok engdahli (14798) Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta morgoth, Ragnarok nordicum (14749) Protungulatum donnae, Ragnarok nordicum (14779) Protungulatum gorgun (14755 14757) Protungulatum gorgun, Mimatuta morgoth, Mimatuta sp., Ragnarok nordicum (14763) Protungulatum gorgun, Mimatuta morgoth, Ragnarok nordicum (14782) Protungulatum gorgun, Oxyprimus erikseni (14698) Protungulatum gorgun, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta sp. (14776) Protungulatum gorgun, Protungulatum donnae, Mimatuta morgoth, Mimatuta sp., Ragnarok nordicum (14787) Protungulatum gorgun, Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta minuial, Mimatuta morgoth, Mimatuta sp., Ragnarok nordicum (14788) Protungulatum gorgun, Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta morgoth, Ragnarok nordicum (14699 14754) Protungulatum gorgun, Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta sp. (14780) Protungulatum gorgun, Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Mimatuta sp., Ragnarok nordicum (14784 14785) Protungulatum gorgun, Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus erikseni, Oxyprimus sp., Baioconodon engdahli, Mimatuta minuial, Mimatuta morgoth, Baioconodon harbichti (14705) Protungulatum gorgun, Protungulatum donnae, Protungulatum sp., Baioconodon sp., Mimatuta morgoth (14672) Protungulatum gorgun, Protungulatum donnae, Protungulatum sp., Oxyprimus erikseni, Ragnarok harbichti, Mimatuta morgoth (14741) Protungulatum gorgun, Ragnarok nordicum (14676) Protungulatum mckeeveri, Ragnarok nordicum, Mimatuta minuial, Periptychidae indet. (14761) Protungulatum sp., Carcinodon aquilonius, Loxolophus sp., Oxyclaenus simplex, Oxyprimus sp., Baioconodon denverensis, Oxyacodon sp., Anisonchus sp., Periptychidae indet., Protogonodon pentacus (14809) Protungulatum sp., Mimatuta sp. (14770) Ragnarok harbichti (14743) Ragnarok nordicum (14697 14700 14752 14758 14778)
Puercan66.0 - 63.3USA (Colorado) Baioconodon denverensis, Tinuviel gazini (14774) Carsioptychus coarctatus (176748 205865 205867 205895 205900 205901 205903 205907 205908 205910 205914 205928 209872 209892 209904 209921 209924 209943 209946 209957 209964 209968 209976 210033) Carsioptychus coartatus (206072 206084) Carsioptychus sp. (206071) Conacodon delphae, Periptychus coarctatus (14678) Conacodon entoconus (205919) Conacodon harbourae (88207) Ectoconus ditrigonus (14684 14687 14688 205863 205864 205868 205871 205881 205886 209900 209983 209997) Eoconodon coryphaeus (205932 205934) Loxolophus hyattianus, Anisonchus athelas, Periptychus coarctatus, Ectoconus ditrigonus (14792) Loxolophus hyattianus, Oxyclaenus cuspidatus, Periptychus coarctatus, Conacodon entoconus (14683) Loxolophus hyattianus, Periptychus coarctatus (14677) Loxolophus sp. (209874 209879 209890 209965) Maiorana sp., Protungulatum donnae, Oxyprimus sp., Baioconodon nordicus, Ampliconus browni (176863) Oxyclaenus cuspidatus, Conacodon delphae (14689) Oxyclaenus subbituminus, Oxyprimus galadrielae, Baioconodon denverensis, Arctocyonidae indet., Auraria urbana, Oxyacodon archibaldi, Conacodon matthewi, Ampliconus browni, Baioconodon cannoni, Tinuviel gazini (14658) Periptychidae indet. (205873) Periptychus coarctatus (14659 14680 14681 14682 14685 14686 14746 14750 14793) Periptychus coarctatus, Ectoconus ditrigonus (14679)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7China (Hunan) Dissacus rotundus (182815)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7USA (Texas) Periptychus sp. (226343)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7China (Shaan-xi (Shensi)) Mesonychidae indet. (176618)