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Holometabola

Insecta

Taxonomy

Holometabola is an unranked clade. It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Endopterygota by Beutel and Pohl (2006).

It was assigned to Insecta by Beckemeyer and Hall (2007); and to Neoptera by Misof et al. (2014).

Subtaxa

Aparaglossata, Avioxyelidae, Cavalarva, Hymenoptera (syn. Aculeata, Piezata), Metabolarva, Panorpida, Srokalarvidae

Sister taxa

Aparaglossata

Synonyms

Endopterygota was named by Sharp (1899) [taxonomic rank is division]. It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Holometabola by Misof et al. (2014).

It was assigned to Neoptera by Carpenter (1992).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1899	Endopterygota Sharp p. 248
1992	Endopterygota Carpenter
2007	Holometabola Beckemeyer and Hall p. 24
2014	Holometabola Misof et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
—	Deuteropoda
—	Mandibulata
—	Pancrustacea	Zrzavý and Štys 1997
—	Altocrustacea	Regier et al. 2010
superclass	Allotriocarida

Rank	Name	Author
—	Athalassocarida
—	Labiocarida	Schwentner et al. 2017
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
—	Cercofilata
class	Insecta
—	Dicondylia
—	Paranotalia
subclass	Pterygota	()
—	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
—	Holometabola
—	Holometabola

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Holometabola

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Unr. Aparaglossata Peters et al. 2014

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Unr. Mecopterida

Superor. Amphiesmenoptera Kiriakoff 1948

G. †Aphryganoneura Tillyard 1926

†Aphryganoneura anomala Tillyard 1926

Unr. Endymenoptera Engel 2022

Unr. Stelloptera Engel 2022

Or. †Tarachoptera Mey et al. 2017

Fm. †Eocoronidae Tindale 1980

G. †Eocorona Tindale 1980

G. †Liadoptilia Handlirsch 1939

†Liadoptilia misera Handlirsch 1939

Or. †Protomeroptera Engel 2022

Fm. †Protomeropidae Tillyard 1926

Invalid names: Marimerobiidae Willmann 1978 [synonym], Permomeropidae Riek 1953 [synonym], Platychoristidae Carpenter 1930 [synonym]

Fm. †Stereochoristidae Tillyard 1919

G. †Stereochorista Tillyard 1919

G. †Trichopteridium Geinitz 1880

†Trichopteridium gracile Geinitz 1880

Invalid names: Necrotaulius handlirschi Fischer 1962 [nomen dubium], Necrotaulius regularis Handlirsch 1939 [nomen dubium], Necrotaulius vicinus Handlirsch 1939 [nomen dubium], Papilionidea Laicharting 1781 [synonym]

Superor. Antliophora Hennig 1969

Or. Diptera Linnaeus 1758 [fly]

Subor. Anisoneura Krzemiński and Krzemińska 2003

G. †Archimesotipula Lin 1986

G. †Asioculicus Hong 1976

G. †Brachyopteryx Hong 1984

G. †Cecidomium Westwood 1854

Infraor. Culicomorpha

Subor. Diarchineura Krzemiński 1992

Fm. Dryomyzidae Schiner 1864

G. †Empidia Weyenbergh 1869

G. †Eopodonomus Rohdendorf 1964

G. †Gigantoberis Huang and Lin 2007

G. †Homoeoptychopteris Bode 1953

G. †Mesasimulium Zhang 1986

Superfm. Mycetophiloidea Newman 1834

Subor. Nematocera Latreille 1825

Unr. Neodiptera Michelsen 1994

G. †Polyclona Menge 1856

Infraor. Psychodomorpha

Fm. Tipulariae Latreille 1802 [crane fly]

Invalid names: Aemodipsus Aymard 1856 [nomen nudum], Agromyza incerta Theobald 1937 [nomen dubium], Agromyza protogaea Heer 1849 [nomen dubium], Agromyza serresi Theobald 1937 [nomen dubium], Antliata Fabricius 1775 [synonym], Aphis dubia Giebel 1856 [nomen dubium], Archidiptera Rohdendorf 1961 [empty], Asilici Latreille 1802 [empty], Atherix exigua Meunier 1910 [nomen dubium], Atherix saunieri Theobald 1937 [nomen dubium], Bibio batheri Pongrácz 1928 [nomen dubium], Bombylidae Latreille 1802 [empty], Conopsariae Latreille 1802 [empty], Coriaceae Latreille 1802 [empty], Cyrtonotum gigas Theobald 1937 [nomen dubium], Dichaneurum Aymard 1856 [nomen nudum], Eoheleinae Petrunkevitch 1957 [empty], Eudiptera [empty], Halterata Scopoli 1763 [synonym], Inflata Latreille 1802 [empty], Lasioptera recessa Scudder 1877 [nomen dubium], Muscides Latreille 1802 [empty], Mycetobia terricola Scudder 1878 [nomen dubium], Myopidae Swainson 1840 [empty], Nakridletia Vršanský et al. 2010 [synonym], Neoneura Krzemiński 1992 [empty], Oligoneura Brauer 1880 [empty], Phoromorpha [empty], Phytomyza vetusta Theobald 1937 [nomen dubium], Polyneura Brauer 1880 [empty], Rhagionides Latreille 1802 [empty], Simulium ventricum Lin 1988 [nomen dubium], Siphunculata Latreille 1802 [empty], Stratiomydae Latreille 1802 [empty], Syrphiae Latreille 1802 [empty], Tabanii Latreille 1802 [empty], Vinculomusca Townsend 1938 [nomen dubium], Vinculomusca vinculata Scudder 1877 [nomen dubium], Xylomyia shcherbakovi Mostovski 1999 [nomen dubium]

Or. Mecoptera Packard 1886 [scorpionfly]

Fm. †Anormochoristidae Tillyard 1926

Fm. †Belmontiidae Tillyard 1919

Invalid names: Parabelmontiidae Tillyard 1922 [synonym]

Fm. Boreidae Latreille 1816

Fm. †Choristopsychidae Martynov 1937

Fm. †Englathaumatidae Novokshonov et al. 2016

Subor. †Eumecoptera Tillyard 1919

G. †Fortiholcorpa Wang et al. 2013

Fm. †Holcorpidae Willmann 1989

Fm. †Kaltanidae Martynova 1958

Invalid names: Cyclopteridae Martynova 1958 [synonym], Cycloristidae Martynova 1958 [synonym], Tomiochoristidae Martynova 1958 [synonym]

Fm. †Karaungiridae Novokshonov 1997

G. †Liassopanorpa Martynov 1937

G. †Mecaenigma Novokshonov and Sukacheva 2001

Fm. †Mendozachoristidae Brauckmann et al. 2010

Superfm. †Mesopsychoidea Tillyard 1917

G. †Miriholcorpa Wang et al. 2013

Subor. Nannomecoptera Hinton 1981

G. †Necropsis Hong 1983

Subor. †Paratrichoptera Tillyard 1919

Fm. †Permocentropidae Martynov 1932

Fm. †Permochoristidae Tillyard 1918

Invalid names: Caenoptilonidae Zalessky 1933 [synonym], Eosetidae Tindale 1945 [synonym], Idelopanorpidae Zalessky 1929 [synonym], Petrochoristidae Willmann 1989 [synonym], Protopanorpidae Handlirsch 1937 [synonym], Tychtodelopteridae Ponomarenko 1977 [synonym], Tychtopsychidae Martynova 1958 [synonym], Xenochoristidae Riek 1953 [synonym]

Fm. †Permopanorpidae Tillyard 1926

Invalid names: Lithopanorpidae Carpenter 1930 [synonym], Martynopanorpidae Willmann 1989 [synonym]

Fm. †Permotanyderidae Riek 1953

Fm. †Permotipulidae Tillyard 1929

Invalid names: Permilidae Willmann 1989 [synonym]

Subor. Pistillifera Willmann 1987

G. †Reprehensa Bode 1953

Fm. †Sibiriothaumatidae Sukatsheva and Novokshonov 1998

Fm. †Sinoagetopanorpidae Lian et al. 2023

G. †Solusipanorpa Lin 1980

Fm. †Thaumatomeropidae Willmann 1978

Fm. †Volitorididae Hong 1982

Fm. †Worcestobiidae Soszyńska-Maj et al. 2018

Invalid names: Aneuretopsychina Rasnitsyn and Kozlov 1990 [invalid subgroup], Cyclopterinidae Carpenter 1986 [empty], Eobanksiidae Cockerell 1909 [empty], Panorpata Brauer [synonym], Paramecoptera Tillyard 1919 [empty], Protodiptera Tillyard 1937 [invalid subgroup], Protomecoptera Tillyard 1917 [empty]

Or. Siphonaptera Latreille 1825 [flea]

Fm. Ctenophthalmidae Rothschild 1915

G. †Niwratia Jell and Duncan 1986

Fm. Pulicidae

Fm. Rhopalopsyllidae Oudemans 1909

Superfm. †Saurophthiroidea Ponomarenko 1986

Invalid names: Hystrichopsyllidae Tiraboschi 1904 [empty]

G. †Curvilarva Novokshonov 2004

†Curvilarva tshekardensis Novokshonov 2004

Or. †Permotrichoptera Martynova 1958

Fm. †Microptysmatidae Martynova 1958

G. †Kamopanorpa Martynov 1928

Invalid names: Microptysma Martynova 1958 [synonym], Microptysmodes Martynova 1958 [synonym], Uraloptysma Ivanov 1992 [synonym]

G. †Microptysmella Kukalová-Peck and Willmann 1990

Invalid names: Uraloptysmatidae Ivanov 1992 [synonym]

Unr. †Neuropteroidea

Unr. Coleopterida Kukalová-Peck and Lawrence 2004

Or. Coleoptera Linnaeus 1758 [beetle]

G. †Adelidium Tillyard 1918

G. †Adikia Handlirsch 1906

G. †Adynasia Handlirsch 1906

G. †Allognosis Handlirsch 1906

G. †Allopliosilpha Gersdorf 1971

Subor. †Alphacoleoptera Engel et al. 2022

G. †Anancaeon Handlirsch 1939

G. †Anapiptus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Anepismus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Angelinella Handlirsch 1906

G. †Anhuistoma Lin 1985

G. †Anhydrophilus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Anomerus Handlirsch 1939

G. †Anypostatus Handlirsch 1939

G. †Apheloodes Dunstan 1923

G. †Apicasia Bode 1953

G. †Apioderes Handlirsch 1939

G. †Apiopyrenides Bode 1953

G. †Apistotes Handlirsch 1906

G. †Apsychus Handlirsch 1939

G. †Aptilotitus Carpenter 1986

Invalid names: Aptilotus Bode 1953 [replaced]

G. †Archosyne Ponomarenko et al. 2014

G. †Auchenophorites Carpenter 1986

Invalid names: Auchenophorus Bode 1953 [replaced]

G. †Babuskaya Martins-Neto and Gallego 2009

G. †Bareus Handlirsch 1939

G. †Bathygerus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Bellingera Heer 1852

G. †Bellingeropsis Handlirsch 1906

G. †Biadelater Handlirsch 1906

G. †Blaptoides Frič 1901

G. †Bothroptera Handlirsch 1906

G. †Brachylaimon Bode 1953

G. †Brachytrachelites Bode 1953

G. †Brevispinnatus Gomez Pallerola 1979

G. †Brodiola Handlirsch 1906

G. †Bucklandula Handlirsch 1906

G. †Buprestium Westwood 1854

G. †Campopsis Braun 1860

G. †Carabicina Germar 1842

G. †Carabocera Brauer et al. 1889

G. †Cardioides Bode 1953

G. †Cardiosyne Martins-Neto and Gallego 2006

G. †Cerylonopsis Handlirsch 1906

G. †Chimaerocoleites Ponomarenko 1985

G. †Chlaeniopsis Handlirsch 1906

G. †Chrysomelidium Handlirsch 1907

G. †Chrysomelophana Handlirsch 1906

G. †Cistelites Heer 1864

G. †Clathropenna Fujiyama 1973

G. †Clinomerus Carpenter 1986

Invalid names: Catomerus Handlirsch 1939 [replaced]

G. †Coccinellophana Handlirsch 1906

G. †Coleopterites Braun 1860

G. †Coleopteron Handlirsch 1906

G. †Colymbetopsis Handlirsch 1906

G. †Cretaceites Wang 1998

G. †Cretofalselaterium Alexeev 2008

G. †Cretogermen Alexeev 2008

G. †Cretohelophorus Ponomarenko 1987

G. †Critoderma Carpenter 1986

Invalid names: Cycloderma Heer 1864 [replaced]

G. †Cryptauchenia Bode 1953

G. †Curculidium Handlirsch 1907

G. †Curculium Westwood 1854

G. †Cyphospheron Bode 1953

G. †Darbiopelta Ponomarenko 1986

G. †Diachoristes Bode 1953

G. †Diaperidium Westwood 1854

G. †Diatarastus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Diatrypamene Bode 1953

G. †Dicyphelus Carpenter 1986

Invalid names: Dicyphus Bode 1953 [replaced]

G. †Diphymation Bode 1953

G. †Diplocelides Bode 1953

G. †Diplothece Bode 1953

G. †Doggeria Handlirsch 1906

G. †Dysarestus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Ecthlimma Handlirsch 1939

G. †Elateridopsis Zalessky 1929

G. †Elaterina Gardiner 1961

G. †Elytrulum Handlirsch 1907

G. †Enamma Handlirsch 1906

G. †Entomocantharus Bode 1953

G. †Eocoleopteron Handlirsch 1906

G. †Episcepes Bode 1953

G. †Epomenus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Erotylites Cockerell 1920

G. †Etheridgea Handlirsch 1906

G. †Eurynotellus Carpenter 1986

Invalid names: Eurynotus Bode 1953 [replaced]

G. †Eurysphinctus Bode 1953

G. †Eusarcantarus Bode 1953

G. †Explansimarginis Lin 1997

G. †Fengningia Hong 1984

G. †Flichea Handlirsch 1906

G. †Fuscicupes Hong and Wang 1990

G. †Gastrodelus Bode 1953

G. †Gastroratus Bode 1953

G. †Gemelina Martins-Neto and Gallego 2006

G. †Glaphoptera Handlirsch 1906

G. †Glaphyropterites Handlirsch 1906

G. †Glaphyropterula Handlirsch 1906

G. †Grahamelytron Zeuner 1959

G. †Grasselites Bode 1953

G. †Gurvanocoleus Ponomarenko 1986

G. †Gyrinites Heer 1852

G. †Gyrinulopsis Handlirsch 1906

G. †Halticophana Handlirsch 1906

G. †Harpalidium Westwood 1854

G. †Heeriaopsis Carpenter 1986

Invalid names: Heeriella Handlirsch 1906 [replaced]

G. †Helophoropsis Handlirsch 1906

G. †Helopidium Westwood 1854

G. †Helopium Westwood 1854

G. †Hubeicoleus Hong 1985

G. †Hydroicetes Bode 1953

G. †Hydrophilites Heer 1864

G. †Hydroporopsis Handlirsch 1906

G. †Hyperomima Handlirsch 1906

G. †Kamaroma Handlirsch 1906

G. †Katapiptus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Keleusticus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Kibdelia Handlirsch 1906

G. Kryptophagus Herbst 1792

G. †Laimocenos Bode 1953

G. †Lamiites Frič 1889

G. †Lamiophanes Handlirsch 1906

G. †Laodiscis Lin 1977

G. †Latridiites Heer 1864

G. †Leioodes Dunstan 1923

G. †Leptomites Bode 1953

G. †Leptosolenophorus Bode 1953

G. †Longimaxilla Hong 1982

G. †Loxocamarotus Bode 1953

G. †Macrotrachelites Bode 1953

G. †Masselytron Handlirsch 1939

G. †Megacentrus Heer 1852

G. †Megachorites Bode 1953

G. †Melanophilites Handlirsch 1906

G. †Melanophilopsis Handlirsch 1906

G. †Menephiloides Fujiyama 1973

Unr. Mesocoleoptera Boudinot et al. 2022

G. †Mesoncus Carpenter 1986

Invalid names: Loxoncus Bode 1953 [replaced]

G. †Mesorhynchophora Tillyard 1916

G. †Mesotricupes Hong 1982

G. †Mesotylites Bode 1953

G. †Metanastes Bode 1953

G. †Micrelaterium Handlirsch 1906

G. †Microcoleopteron Handlirsch 1906

G. †Microentomus Poinar 2015

G. †Mimelater Handlirsch 1906

G. †Nannoodes Handlirsch 1906

G. †Nebrioides Handlirsch 1906

Unr. Nubili Latreille 1804

G. †Omogongylus Bode 1953

G. †Onkedodimus Handlirsch 1939

G. †Ooidellus Carpenter 1986

Invalid names: Ooides Bode 1953 [replaced]

G. †Ooperiglyptus Bode 1953

G. †Ooperioristus Bode 1953

Tr. †Oropseini Legalov and Kirejtshuk 2016

G. †Oxycephalites Bode 1953

G. †Oxytoroptera Handlirsch 1939

G. †Pachycoleon Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pachypleurites Haupt 1952

G. †Paklapwania Lin 1997

G. †Palaeotrachys Bode 1953

Subfm. †Palaeotylinae Poinar et al. 2018

G. †Pallax Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pantodapus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Parabuprestium Handlirsch 1906

G. †Paracurculium Handlirsch 1906

G. †Paragrilium Handlirsch 1906

G. †Paragyrinus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Parasilphites Handlirsch 1906

G. †Parnidium Geinitz

G. †Parnosoma Carpenter 1986

G. †Pedinosoma Bode 1953

G. †Peltocoleops Ponomarenko 1990

G. †Periboloptera Handlirsch 1939

G. †Peridosoma Carpenter 1986

Invalid names: Perosoma Bode 1953 [replaced]

G. †Petalocupes Hong 1982

G. †Petrorophus Heer 1852

G. †Phaulogyrinus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pholipheron Bode 1953

G. †Phytoplesion Bode 1953

G. †Pimeliodes Frič 1901

G. †Plastobuprestites Handlirsch 1906

G. †Plastonebria Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pleuralocista Bode 1953

G. †Polypamon Handlirsch 1906

G. †Praedodromeus Strada et al. 2014

G. †Prionophana Handlirsch 1906

G. †Prochrysomela Handlirsch 1906

G. †Proheuristes Bode 1953

G. †Prophasis Handlirsch 1906

G. †Prosthecogmus Ponomarenko 1985

G. †Prosthenostictus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Protocuneus Cockerell 1915

G. †Prototoma Heer 1852

G. †Pseudobuprestites Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pseudocarabites Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pseudocurculionites Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pseudocymindis Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pseudocyphon Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pseudoelateropsis Handlirsch 1906

Invalid names: Elateropsis Roemer 1876 [replaced]

G. †Pseudohydrophilites Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pseudoprionites Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pseudotelephorus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pseudotenebrio Handlirsch 1906

G. †Pseudus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Rhomaleus Bode 1953

G. †Scalopoides Bode 1953

G. †Semiglobus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Sideriosemion Bode 1953

G. †Silphidium Handlirsch 1907

Invalid names: Silphites Fritsch 1882 [replaced]

G. †Sitonites Heer 1864

G. †Smodicoptera Handlirsch 1906

Fm. †Sojanocoleidae Martynov 1932

G. †Sphaericites Bode 1953

G. †Stenelytron Handlirsch 1906

G. †Stictulus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Strongylites Heer 1864

G. †Strullendorfia Kuhn 1938

G. †Telephorium Westwood 1854

Fm. Tenebrionites Latreille 1802 [darkling beetle]

G. †Tetillopsis Hong 1982

G. †Tetragonides Bode 1953

G. †Thurmannia Heer 1852

G. †Toksunius Ponomarenko et al. 2012

G. †Tolype Bode 1953

G. †Triadocoleopteron Zeuner 1930

G. †Trialarva Prokin and Bashkuev 2021

G. †Trichelepturgetes Bode 1953

G. †Tripsalis Bode 1953

G. †Trixagites Heer 1864

G. †Trochiscites Bode 1953

G. †Trochmalus Bode 1953

Fm. Trogossitarii Latreille 1802 [bark gnawing beetle]

G. †Trypocoleus Hong 1982

Fm. †Tshekardocoleidae Rohdendorf 1944

Invalid names: Moravocoleidae Kukalová-Peck and Beutel 2012 [synonym], Uralocoleidae Zalessky 1947 [synonym]

G. †Tychon Handlirsch 1908

G. †Ulomites Tillyard 1916

G. †Velenovskya Frič 1889

G. †Wollastonia Heer 1852

G. †Xenogyrinus Handlirsch 1906

G. †Xinbinia Hong 1983

G. †Xylotupia Handlirsch 1906

G. †Yanqingia Hong and Xiao 1997

G. †Zetemenos Bode 1953

Invalid names: Acmaeodera perreaui Piton 1940 [nomen dubium], Ancylocheira liasina Giebel 1856 [nomen dubium], Brochocoleus indibili Soriano and Delclos 2006 [nomen dubium], Carabiques Latreille 1802 [empty], Cebrionates Latreille 1802 [empty], Chrysomelinae Latreille 1802 [empty], Cicindeletae Latreille 1802 [empty], Cistela Geoffroy 1762 [nomen oblitum], Clerii Latreille 1802 [empty], Coleopteron depressus Heer 1879 [nomen nudum], Coleopteron interpunctatus Heer 1864 [nomen nudum], Coleopteron laevigatus Heer 1864 [nomen nudum], Coleopteron scabriusculus Heer 1879 [nomen nudum], Coprophagi Latreille 1802 [empty], Criocerina pristina Germar 1813 [nomen dubium], Curculionites liasinus Heer 1852 [nomen dubium], Curculiopsidae Martynov 1937 [empty], Cydnopsis nigromembranacea Jordan 1967 [nomen dubium], Diaperialae Latreille 1802 [empty], Elateridopsidae Zalessky 1929 [invalid subgroup], Eleuterata Fabricius 1775 [synonym], Entomophagi Latreille 1804 [empty], Eodromeus viriosus Zhang 1997 [nomen dubium], Erotilenae Latreille 1802 [empty], Euchroma arvernica Piton 1940 [nomen dubium], Eucoleoptera Engel et al. 2022 [invalid subgroup], Helophorus exilis Heer 1862 [nomen dubium], Helophorus magnus Heer 1862 [nomen dubium], Helopii Latreille 1802 [empty], Helops atticus Redtenbacher 1867 [nomen dubium], Hydrobius godeti Heer 1862 [nomen dubium], Hydrobius obsoletus Heer 1856 [nomen dubium], Hydrocanthares Latreille 1802 [empty], Hydrophilus stenopterus Heer 1862 [nomen dubium], Hydrous ebeninus Statz 1939 [nomen dubium], Hylesinus lineatus Förster 1891 [nomen dubium], Ipidae Bedel 1888 [empty], Isomira aurora Wickham 1914 [nomen dubium], Leptopodocoleidae Hong 1982 [invalid subgroup], Macrogastri Latreille 1802 [empty], Malacodermi Latreille 1802 [empty], Malacodermidae [empty], Metaxycoleoptera Engel et al. 2022 [invalid subgroup], Necrophagi Latreille 1802 [empty], Necticus minutus Aymard 1856 [nomen nudum], Nitidulariae Latreille 1802 [empty], Onthophagus luteus Oustalet 1874 [nomen dubium], Palpatores Latreille 1802 [empty], Platyprosopi Latreille 1804 [empty], Protocoleoptera Tillyard 1924 [empty], Rhynchophori Latreille 1804 [empty], Saperda valdensis Heer 1864 [nomen dubium], Saprophagi Latreille 1804 [empty], Staphyliniae Latreille 1802 [empty], Sternoxi Latreille 1802 [empty], Tridigitati Latreille 1802 [empty], Versicolores Latreille 1804 [empty], Xylophagi Latreille 1802 [empty], Zacoleoptera Engel et al. 2022 [invalid subgroup]

Or. †Skleroptera Kirejtshuk and Nel 2013

Fm. †Stephanastidae Kirejtshuk and Nel 2013

Or. Strepsiptera Kirby 1813 [twisted-winged parasite]

Fm. †Cretostylopidae Kathirithamby and Engel 2014

Unr. Eteostrepsiptera Engel 2016

Fm. †Phthanoxenidae Engel and Huang 2016

Invalid names: Kinzelbachillidae Pohl and Beutel 2016 [synonym]

Fm. †Protoxenidae Pohl et al. 2005

Invalid names: Mengenilliformia Kinzelbach 1971 [invalid subgroup], Mengenilloidea Hofeneder 1910 [invalid subgroup], Mengeoidea Pierce 1908 [invalid subgroup]

Superor. Neuropterida

Unr. Eidoneuroptera Engel et al. 2018

Or. Megaloptera Latreille 1802 [alderfly]

Or. Neuroptera Linnaeus 1758 [lacewing]

Invalid names: Planipennia Latreille 1817 [synonym]

Fm. †Permithonidae Tillyard 1922

G. †Elmothone Carpenter 1976

G. †Eopsychops Martynov 1932

G. †Jurla Vilesov 1995

G. †Kunguromaritus Vilesov 1995

G. †Lodevosisyra Prokop et al. 2015

G. †Lodevothone Prokop et al. 2015

G. †Okolpania Vilesov 1995

G. †Osmythone Ponomarenko and Shcherbakov 2004

G. †Palaemerobius Martynov 1928

G. †Permantispa Ponomarenko and Shcherbakov 2004

G. †Permegalomus Martynov 1931

Invalid names: Bianchia Martynova 1952 [synonym]

G. †Permerobius Novokshonov 1996

G. †Permipsythone Pinto and de Ornellas 1980

G. †Permithone Tillyard 1922

Invalid names: Permosmylus Tillyard 1926 [synonym]

G. †Permithonopsis Martynov 1932

G. †Permopsychops Tillyard 1926

G. †Permorapisma Tillyard 1926

G. †Permosisyra Martynov 1932

G. †Sauropsychops Novokshonov 1996

G. †Sialidopsis Zalessky 1926

G. †Sismerobius Riek 1976

G. †Sylvamarita Vilesov 1995

G. †Sylvasenex Vilesov 1995

G. †Tshekardithonopsis Vilesov 1995

G. †Tychtobius Martynova 1958

G. †Uralisyra Vilesov 1995

Invalid names: Palaemerobiidae Martynov 1928 [synonym], Permegalomidae Martynova 1952 [synonym], Permopsychopsidae Riek 1953 [synonym], Permosisyridae Martynov 1932 [synonym], Sialidopsidae Zalessky 1928 [synonym]

Subor. †Priscaenigmatomorpha Engel 2002

Fm. †Chrysoraphidiidae Liu et al. 2014

Fm. †Priscaenigmatidae Engel 2002

Or. Raphidioptera Handlirsch 1908 [snakefly]

G. †Caririraphidia Martins-Neto 2002

G. †Cratoraphidia Martins-Neto and Nel 1993

Fm. †Juroraphidiidae Liu et al. 2014

Fm. †Nanosialidae Shcherbakov 2013

Fm. †Parasialidae Ponomarenko 1977

Subor. Raphidiomorpha Engel 2002

Fm. †Avioxyelidae Nel et al. 2013

hide

G. †Avioxyela Nel et al. 2013

†Avioxyela gallica Nel et al. 2013

G. †Cavalarva Aristov and Rasnitsyn 2015

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†Cavalarva caudata Aristov and Rasnitsyn 2015

Or. Hymenoptera Linnaeus 1758

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Unr. Aculeati Latreille 1802

Unr. Nemoglossata Latreille 1802

Fm. Apiariae Latreille 1802

Invalid names: Apes Latreille 1802 [empty], Bombi Latreille 1802 [empty], Ceratinae Latreille 1802 [empty], Eucerae Latreille 1802 [empty], Megachiles Latreille 1802 [empty], Parasitae Latreille 1802 [empty], Xylocopae Latreille 1802 [empty]

Unr. Platiglossata Latreille 1802

Invalid names: Andrenetae Latreille 1802 [empty], Crabronites Latreille 1802 [empty], Formicariae Latreille 1802 [empty], Philantores Latreille 1802 [empty], Scolietae Latreille 1802 [empty], Sphegimae Latreille 1802 [empty]

Superfm. Anaxyeloidea Martynov 1925

Fm. Anaxyelidae Martynov 1925

Subfm. †Anaxyelinae Martynov 1925

G. †Anasyntexis Rasnitsyn 1968

G. †Anaxyela Martynov 1925

G. †Brachysyntexis Rasnitsyn 1969

G. †Dolichostigma Rasnitsyn 1968

G. †Kempendaja Rasnitsyn 1968

G. †Kulbastavia Rasnitsyn 1968

G. †Mangus Kopylov 2019

G. †Sphenosyntexis Rasnitsyn 1969

G. †Syntexyela Rasnitsyn 1968

G. †Urosyntexis Rasnitsyn 1969

Invalid names: Dolichostigmatinae Rasnitsyn 1968 [synonym], Kempendajinae Rasnitsyn 1980 [synonym]

Subfm. Syntexinae Benson 1935

G. †Cretosyntexis Rasnitsyn and Martínez-Delclòs 2000

G. †Curiosyntexis Kopylov 2019

G. †Curvitexis Jouault et al. 2022

G. †Daosyntexis Kopylov et al. 2020

G. †Dolichosyntexis Kopylov 2019

G. †Eosyntexis Rasnitsyn 1990

G. †Orthosyntexis Gao et al. 2021

G. †Parasyntexis Kopylov 2019

G. †Sclerosyntexis Wang et al. 2020

Invalid names: Paraxiphydriinae Gao et al. 2022 [synonym]

Fm. †Bryopompilidae Engel and Grimaldi 2006

Invalid names: Bryopompilidae Rodriguez et al. 2016 [objective synonym]

G. †Nygmatius Hong 1983

†Nygmatius beipiaoensis Hong 1983

Superfm. Pamphilioidea Cameron 1890 [sawfly]

Fm. Megalodontesidae Konow 1897

Subfm. †Archoxyelydinae Wang et al. 2013

G. †Archoxyelyda Wang et al. 2013

G. †Xyelydontes Rasnitsyn 1983

Subfm. †Decorisiricinae Wang et al. 2015

G. †Brevisiricius Wang et al. 2015

G. †Decorisiricius Wang et al. 2015

G. †Limbisiricius Wang et al. 2015

G. †Jibaissodes Ren 1995

†Jibaissodes bellus Gao et al. 2016

†Jibaissodes giganteus Ren 1995

†Jibaissodes peichenae Wang et al. 2019

Subfm. Megalodontesinae Konow 1897

Invalid names: Rudisiriciinae Gao et al. 2010 [synonym]

Subfm. †Praesiricinae Rasnitsyn 1968

G. †Hoplitolyda Gao et al. 2013

G. †Praesirex Rasnitsyn 1968

G. †Turgidontes Rasnitsyn 1990

Invalid names: Praesiricidae Rasnitsyn 1968 [synonym]

Fm. †Mirolydidae Wang et al. 2017

G. †Mirolyda Wang et al. 2017

†Mirolyda hirta Wang et al. 2017

Fm. Pamphiliidae Cameron 1890

Subfm. Cephalciinae Benson 1945

G. Acantholyda Costa 1894

G. Cephalcia Jurine 1801

Invalid names: Cephalciini Benson 1945 [invalid subgroup]

G. Cephaleia Jurine 1801

Subfm. Juralydinae Rasnitsyn 1977

G. †Atocus Scudder 1892

G. †Dolicholyda Zhuang et al. 2022

G. †Juralyda Rasnitsyn 1977

G. †Scabolyda Wang et al. 2014

G. †Tapholyda Rasnitsyn 1983

Subfm. Pamphiliinae Cameron 1890

G. Neurotoma Konow 1897 [Leaf-rolling sawfly]

G. Pamphilius Latreille 1802

Invalid names: Neurotomini Benson 1945 [invalid subgroup]

G. †Ulteramus Archibald and Rasnitsyn 2015

†Ulteramus republicensis Archibald and Rasnitsyn 2015

Invalid names: Lydites Newman 1834 [replaced]

G. †Prolyda Rasnitsyn 1968

†Prolyda depressa Rasnitsyn 1969

†Prolyda dimidia Wang et al. 2016

†Prolyda elegantula Wang et al. 2016

†Prolyda karatavica Rasnitsyn 1968

†Prolyda xyelocera Rasnitsyn 1968

Fm. †Xyelydidae Rasnitsyn 1968

G. †Brevilyda Wang and Rasnitsyn 2016

†Brevilyda provecta Wang and Rasnitsyn 2016

G. †Chifengilyda Zheng and Chen 2018

†Chifengilyda robusta Zheng and Chen 2018

G. †Ferganolyda Rasnitsyn 1983

†Ferganolyda charybdis Rasnitsyn et al. 2006

†Ferganolyda chungkuei Rasnitsyn et al. 2006

†Ferganolyda cubitalis Rasnitsyn 1983

†Ferganolyda eucalla Wang et al. 2015

†Ferganolyda insolita Wang et al. 2015

†Ferganolyda radialis Rasnitsyn 1983

†Ferganolyda scylla Rasnitsyn et al. 2006

†Ferganolyda sogdiana Rasnitsyn 1983

G. †Fissilyda Wang et al. 2015

†Fissilyda alba Wang et al. 2015

†Fissilyda compta Wang et al. 2015

†Fissilyda parilis Wang et al. 2015

G. †Medilyda Wang and Rasnitsyn 2016

†Medilyda distorta Wang and Rasnitsyn 2016

†Medilyda procera Wang and Rasnitsyn 2016

G. †Mesolyda Rasnitsyn 1963

†Mesolyda jurassica Rasnitsyn 1963

†Mesolyda lingyuanensis Ren 1995

†Mesolyda sibirica Rasnitsyn 1983

Invalid names: Alloxyelula Ren 1995 [synonym]

G. †Novalyda Gao et al. 2013

†Novalyda cretacica Gao et al. 2013

†Novalyda decora Wang et al. 2015

G. †Rectilyda Wang et al. 2014

†Rectilyda sticta Wang et al. 2014

G. †Sagulyda Rasnitsyn 1983

†Sagulyda arcuata Rasnitsyn 1983

†Sagulyda ferganica Rasnitsyn 1983

†Sagulyda magna Rasnitsyn 1983

G. †Sinoprolyda Hong 1987

†Sinoprolyda meileyingensis Hong 1987

G. †Sogutia Rasnitsyn 1977

†Sogutia liassica Rasnitsyn 1977

G. †Strenolyda Wang and Rasnitsyn 2016

†Strenolyda marginalis Wang and Rasnitsyn 2016

†Strenolyda retrorsa Wang and Rasnitsyn 2016

G. †Strophandria Rasnitsyn 1968

†Strophandria grossa Rasnitsyn 1968

†Strophandria moderata Rasnitsyn 1983

G. †Xyelyda Rasnitsyn 1968

†Xyelyda excellens Rasnitsyn 1968

Invalid names: Megalodontoidea Konow 1897 [synonym]

Superfm. Tenthredinoidea Latreille 1802 [wood wasp]

Fm. Argidae Konow 1890 [argid sawfly]

Subfm. Arginae Konow 1890

G. Arge Schrank 1802

Invalid names: Hylotoma Latreille 1802 [synonym]

G. †Mioarge Nel 2004

Subfm. Sterictiphorinae Rohwer 1911

G. Didymia Lepeletier and Serville 1828

G. Sterictiphora Billberg 1820

Invalid names: Schizocerus Berthold 1827 [synonym]

G. †Atefia Krogmann et al. 2013

†Atefia rasnitsyni Krogmann et al. 2013

Fm. Athaliidae Rohwer 1911

G. Athalia Leach 1817

†Athalia vetuecclesiae Wappler et al. 2005

†Athalia wheeleri Cockerell 1906

Fm. Blasticotomidae Thomson 1871

G. Blasticotoma Klug 1834

G. †Paremphytus Brues 1908

†Paremphytus ostentus Brues 1908

G. Runaria Malaise 1931

G. †Zippelia Rasnitsyn and Müller 2023

†Zippelia engeli Rasnitsyn and Müller 2023

Invalid names: Xyelotomidae Rasnitsyn 1968 [synonym]

Fm. Cimbicidae Kirby 1837 [cimbicid sawfly]

Subfm. Abiinae Thomson 1871

G. Abia Leach 1817

Invalid names: Procimbex Hong 1984 [synonym], Zaraea Leach 1817 [synonym]

Subfm. Cimbicinae Kirby 1837

G. †Cenocimbex Nel 2004

G. Cimbex Olivier 1790

Invalid names: Clavellaria Olivier 1789 [replaced]

G. †Eopachylosticta Malaise 1945

G. †Phenacoperga Cockerell 1908

G. †Pseudocimbex Rohwer 1908

G. Pseudoclavellaria Schultz 1906

Subfm. Corynidinae Benson 1938

G. Corynis Thunberg 1789

Invalid names: Amasis Leach 1817 [objective synonym]

G. †Sinocimbex Zhang et al. 1994

†Sinocimbex pellucidus Zhang et al. 1994

†Sinocimbex silaceus Zhang et al. 1994

G. †Trichiosomites Brues 1908

†Trichiosomites obliviosus Brues 1908

Invalid names: Pachylostictinae Benson 1938 [empty]

Fm. Diprionidae Rohwer 1910 [conifer sawfly]

Subfm. Diprioninae Rohwer 1910

G. Diprion Schrank 1802

Invalid names: Lophyrus Latreille 1802 [synonym]

G. †Eodiprion Schedl 2007

†Eodiprion groehni Schedl 2007

G. †Paleomonoctenus Nel 2004

†Paleomonoctenus patriciae Nel 2004

Fm. †Electrotomidae Rasnitsyn 1977

G. †Electrotoma Rasnitsyn 1977

†Electrotoma succini Rasnitsyn 1977

G. †Manevalia Piton 1940

†Manevalia pachyliformis Piton 1940

Fm. Pergidae Ashmead 1898

Subfm. Perginae Ashmead 1898

G. Perga Leach 1817

Subfm. Perreyiinae Cameron 1883

Invalid names: Euryinae Konow 1898 [synonym]

Invalid names: Syzygoniinae Cameron 1883 [empty]

Fm. Tenthredinidae Latreille 1802

Subfm. Allantinae Newman 1834

Tr. Allantini Newman 1834

Tr. Empriini Rohwer 1911

G. Eriocampa Hartig 1837

G. †Hylotomites Meunier 1914

G. †Palaeathalia Zhang 1985

G. †Palaeotaxonus Brues 1908

G. Pseudosiobla Ashmead 1898

G. Taxonus Hartig 1837

Subfm. Blennocampinae Konow 1890

Tr. Tomostethini Benson 1938

G. †Emprionopsis Zhang et al. 1994

†Emprionopsis doliabdominalis Zhang et al. 1994

Subfm. Heterarthrinae Benson 1952

G. Caliroa Costa 1859

Invalid names: Eriocampoides Konow 1890 [synonym]

G. Fenusa Leach 1817

Invalid names: Lithoryssus Brues 1906 [synonym]

G. †Leptocampus Zhang et al. 1994

†Leptocampus amoenus Zhang et al. 1994

Subfm. Nematinae

G. Cladius Illiger 1807

Tr. Dineurini Ashmead 1898

G. †Driocampus Zhang and Zhang 1990

G. †Eohemichroa Zhelochovtzev and Rasnitsyn 1972

G. †Florissantinus Zhelochovtzev and Rasnitsyn 1972

G. Hoplocampa Hartig 1837

G. Mesoneura Hartig 1837

Invalid names: Lisconeura Rohwer 1908 [synonym]

G. Nematus Panzer 1801

G. †Paleonematus Nel 2022

Invalid names: Hoplocampini Konow 1890 [invalid subgroup]

G. †Phthonocampus Zhang et al. 1994

†Phthonocampus eos Zhang et al. 1994

G. Rhogogaster Konow 1884

Subfm. Selandriinae Thomson 1871

Tr. Dolerini Thomson 1871

Tr. Selandriini Thomson 1871

Subfm. Tenthredininae Latreille 1802

G. Macrophya Dahlbom 1835

G. †Nortonella Rohwer 1908

G. †Sambia Vilhelmsen and Engel 2012

G. †Taeniurites Cockerell 1917

G. Tenthredo Linnaeus 1758

G. †Tenthredoides Zhang 1989

G. Tenthredopsis Costa 1859

Invalid names: Thomsonia Konow 1884 [synonym]

Invalid names: Tenthredinini Latreille 1802 [empty]

Invalid names: Nematus ellipticus Fritsch 1901 [nomen dubium]

Invalid names: Pteronus prodigus Brues 1908 [nomen dubium]

Unr. Terebrantes Latreille 1802

Unr. Ventropedonculati Latreille 1802

Fm. Ichneumonides Latreille 1802 [ichneumon wasp]

Invalid names: Ichneumonides Latreille 1802 [empty], Sphegii Latreille 1802 [empty]

Invalid names: Chrysidides Latreille 1802 [empty], Cleptiosa Latreille 1802 [empty], Cynipsera Latreille 1802 [empty], Evaniales Latreille 1802 [empty]

Unr. Ventrosessiles Latreille 1802

Invalid names: Tenthredines Latreille 1802 [empty], Urocerata Latreille 1802 [empty]

Unr. Unicalcarida Schulmeister et al. 2002

Subor. Apocrita Gerstaecker 1867 [wasp]

Unr. Aculeata Latreille 1802

Superfm. Apoidea Latreille 1802 [apoid wasp]

Invalid names: Sphecoidea Latreille 1802 [synonym]

Superfm. †Bethylonymoidea Rasnitsyn 1975

Superfm. Chrysidoidea Latreille 1802

Invalid names: Bethyloidea [synonym]

G. †Cretopone Dlussky 1975

G. †Dolichomyrma Dlussky 1975

Superfm. Formicoidea Latreille 1802

Fm. †Holopsenellidae Engel et al. 2016

G. †Khetania Dlussky 1999

Fm. †Melittosphecidae Poinar and Danforth 2006

G. †Mesosirex Hong 1984

G. †Petropone Dlussky 1975

Superfm. Pompiloidea Latreille 1804

Superfm. Scolioidea Latreille 1802

Fm. †Stigmaphronidae Kozlov 1975

Superfm. Thynnoidea Shuckard 1841

Superfm. Tiphioidea Leach 1815

Superfm. Vespoidea Latreille 1802

Invalid names: Bocchus cenomanianus Olmi et al. 2010 [nomen dubium], Bombus pusillus Menge 1856 [nomen dubium]

G. †Apocritites Rasnitsyn and Jarzembowski 1998

†Apocritites distinctus Rasnitsyn and Jarzembowski 1998

Fm. †Armaniidae Dlussky 1983

G. †Archaeopone Dlussky 1975

G. †Armania Dlussky 1983

Invalid names: Armaniella Dlussky 1983 [synonym]

G. †Orapia Dlussky et al. 2004

G. †Poneropterus Dlussky 1983

G. †Pseudarmania Dlussky 1983

Infraor. Brachycleistogastromorpha Kovalev 1994

Superfm. †Brachycleistogastroidea Kovalev 1994

Invalid names: Cleistogastroidea Rasnitsyn 1975 [empty]

Superfm. Ceraphronoidea Haliday 1833

Fm. Ceraphronidae Haliday 1833

Fm. Megaspilidae Ashmead 1893

Invalid names: Calliceratidae [synonym]

Superfm. Evanioidea Latreille 1802

Fm. †Andreneliidae Rasnitsyn and Martínez-Delclòs 2000

Fm. †Anomopterellidae Rasnitsyn 1975

Fm. †Baissidae Rasnitsyn 1975

Invalid names: Manlayidae Rasnitsyn 1986 [synonym]

Fm. Evaniidae Latreille 1802 [ensign wasp]

Invalid names: Cretevaniidae Rasnitsyn 1975 [synonym]

Unr. Neoevanioides Engel 2006

Fm. †Othniodellithidae Engel and Huang 2016

Fm. †Praeaulacidae Rasnitsyn 1972

Fm. †Vectevaniidae Li et al. 2018

Invalid names: Asiapterites Hong 2002 [nomen nudum], Euryopterites Hong 2002 [nomen nudum], Oblongigastrula Hong 2002 [nomen nudum]

Superfm. Ichneumonoidea Latreille 1802

Fm. Braconidae Nees 1811

Invalid names: Eoichneumonidae Jell and Duncan 1986 [synonym]

Fm. Ichneumonidae Latreille 1802 [ichneumon wasp]

Fm. †Ichneumonomimidae Rasnitsyn 1975

Fm. †Praeichneumonidae Rasnitsyn 1983

G. †Rasnitsynia Pagliano and Scaramozzino 1990

Invalid names: Oligoneuroides Zhang 1985 [replaced]

Fm. †Khutelchalcididae Rasnitsyn et al. 2004

G. †Khutelchalcis Rasnitsyn et al. 2004

Fm. †Kuafuidae Rasnitsyn and Zhang 2010

G. †Arthrogaster Rasnitsyn 1975

G. †Kuafua Rasnitsyn and Zhang 2010

G. †Leptogastrella Rasnitsyn 1975

Fm. †Limnetidae Hong 1983

G. †Limnetus Hong 1983

G. †Longhuaia Hong 1984

†Longhuaia rara Hong 1984

Superfm. Megalyroidea Schletterer 1889

G. †Cretodinapsis Rasnitsyn 1977

Fm. Megalyridae Schletterer 1890

Superfm. †Panguoidea Li et al. 2019

Fm. †Panguidae Li et al. 2019

Infraor. Proctotrupomorpha

Superfm. Cynipoidea Latreille 1802

Invalid names: Archaeocynipoidea Rasnitsyn and Kovalev 1988 [synonym]

G. †Koonwarrus Rasnitsyn and Öhm-Kühnle 2019

Unr. Microprocta Rasnitsyn and Öhm-Kühnle 2020

G. †Parviformosus Barling et al. 2013

Superfm. Proctotrupoidea Latreille 1802

Invalid names: Cynipomorpha Kovalev 1994 [synonym]

Superfm. Stephanoidea Leach 1815

Fm. †Aptenoperissidae Rasnitsyn and Poinar 2016

Fm. †Ephialtitidae Handlirsch 1906

Invalid names: Karataidae Rasnitsyn 1977 [synonym]

Fm. †Myanmarinidae Zhang and Rasnitsyn 2017

Fm. †Ohlhoffiidae Jouault et al. 2020

Fm. Stephanidae Leach 1815 [crown wasp]

Invalid names: Eostephanitidae Hong 2002 [invalid subgroup], Ephialtitoidea Handlirsch 1906 [synonym]

Superfm. Trigonalyoidea Cresson 1887

Fm. †Maimetshidae Rasnitsyn 1975

Fm. Trigonalidae Cresson 1887

Invalid names: Apiaria lapidea Germar 1842 [nomen dubium], Asiacynipites Hong 2002 [nomen nudum], Dendrocerus dubitatus Brues 1937 [nomen dubium], Eucynipites Hong 2002 [nomen nudum], Evaniomorpha Rasnitsyn 1988 [invalid subgroup], Stephanomorpha Leach 1815 [invalid subgroup]

Superfm. Cephoidea Newman 1834 [stem sawfly]

Fm. Cephidae Newman 1834 [stem sawfly]

Subfm. Cephinae Newman 1834

Subfm. †Cuspilonginae Kopylov and Rasnitsyn 2016

Fm. †Sepulcidae Rasnitsyn 1968

Subfm. †Ghilarellinae Rasnitsyn 1988

Subfm. †Parapamphiliinae Rasnitsyn 1968

Subfm. †Sepulcinae Rasnitsyn 1968

Subfm. †Trematothoracinae Rasnitsyn 1988

Subfm. †Xyelulinae Rasnitsyn 1993

G. †Cratoenigma Krogmann and Nel 2012

†Cratoenigma articulata Krogmann and Nel 2012

Superfm. Orussoidea Newman 1834 [wood wasp]

Fm. †Burmorussidae Zhang et al. 2020

G. †Burmorussus Zhang et al. 2020

G. †Cretorussus Jouault et al. 2021

Fm. Orussidae Newman 1834 [parasitic wood wasp]

G. †Baltorussus Schedl 2011

Subfm. †Mesorussinae Rasnitsyn 1977

G. †Minyorussus Basibuyuk et al. 2000

Subfm. Ophrynopinae Benson 1935

Fm. †Paroryssidae Martynov 1925

G. †Microryssus Rasnitsyn 1968

G. †Paroryssus Martynov 1925

G. †Praeoryssus Rasnitsyn 1968

G. †Renaliculus Lin 1980

Invalid names: Karatavitoidea Rasnitsyn 1963 [synonym]

Superfm. Siricoidea Billberg 1820

Fm. †Protosiricidae Rasnitsyn and Zhang 2004

G. †Protosirex Rasnitsyn 1969

Fm. †Pseudosiricidae Handlirsch 1906

G. †Myrmicium Westwood 1854

Invalid names: Apiaria Germar 1839 [replaced], Fabellovena Oppenheim 1885 [synonym], Hagenia Weyenbergh 1869 [synonym], Pseudosirex Weyenbergh 1873 [synonym], Rhipidorhabdus Oppenheim 1885 [synonym]

Invalid names: Myrmiciidae Maa 1949 [synonym]

G. †Sinanxyela Hong 1982

†Sinanxyela dorunensis Hong 1982

Fm. †Sinosiricidae Hong 1975

G. †Sinosirex Hong 1975

Fm. Siricidae Billberg 1820 [horntail]

Subfm. †Auliscinae Rasnitsyn 1968

Subfm. †Cratosiricinae Jouault and Nel 2020

G. †Cretosirex Wang et al. 2018

G. †Emanrisca Rasnitsyn 1993

G. †Eoteredon Archibald et al. 2021

Subfm. †Gigasiricinae Rasnitsyn 1968

Invalid names: Pararchexyelinae Rasnitsyn 1968 [synonym]

Subfm. †Megapteritinae Maa 1949

Subfm. Siricinae Billberg 1820

Subfm. Tremecinae Ashmead 1898

Subor. Vespina Laicharting 1781

Invalid names: Euhymenoptera [synonym]

Superfm. Xiphydrioidea Leach 1819

Invalid names: Xiphydriidae Leach 1819 [empty]

Invalid names: Orussomorpha Rasnitsyn 1980 [invalid subgroup]

Superfm. Xyeloidea Newman 1834 [sawfly]

Fm. †Syspastoxyelidae Engel and Huang 2016

G. †Burmoxyela Zheng and Rasnitsyn 2021

†Burmoxyela lii Zheng and Rasnitsyn 2021

G. †Deltoxyela Wang et al. 2021

†Deltoxyela engeli Wang et al. 2021

G. †Grandixyela Zheng 2021

†Grandixyela rasnitsyni Zheng 2021

G. †Pinguixyela Zheng and Rasnitsyn 2021

†Pinguixyela pinguis Wang et al. 2021

G. †Striaexyela Zheng 2019

†Striaexyela longicornis Zheng 2019

†Striaexyela simpla Wang et al. 2021

G. †Syspastoxyela Engel and Huang 2016

†Syspastoxyela rhaphidia Engel and Huang 2016

Fm. Xyelidae Newman 1834 [sawfly]

Subfm. †Archexyelinae Rasnitsyn 1964

G. †Archexyela Riek 1955

G. †Asioxyela Rasnitsyn 1964

G. †Dinoxyela Rasnitsyn 1969

G. †Euryxyela Rasnitsyn 1964

G. †Ferganoxyela Rasnitsyn 1969

G. †Leioxyela Rasnitsyn 1969

G. †Lithoxyela Rasnitsyn 1969

G. †Madygenius Rasnitsyn 1969

G. †Moltenia Schlüter 2000

G. †Oryctoxyela Rasnitsyn 1969

G. †Triassoxyela Rasnitsyn 1964

G. †Xaxexis Pagliano and Scaramozzino 1990

Invalid names: Euryxyela Hong 1984 [replaced]

G. †Xiphoxyela Rasnitsyn 1969

G. †Xyelinus Rasnitsyn 1964

Subfm. †Daohugoinae Rasnitsyn and Zhang 2004

G. †Daohugoa Rasnitsyn and Zhang 2004

Subfm. Macroxyelinae Ashmead 1898

Tr. †Angaridyelini Rasnitsyn 1966

G. †Bolboxyela Rasnitsyn 1990

Tr. †Ceroxyelini Rasnitsyn 1966

Tr. †Gigantoxyelini Rasnitsyn 1969

Tr. Macroxyelini Ashmead 1898

Tr. Xyeleciini Benson 1945

Subfm. †Madygellinae Rasnitsyn 1969

G. †Chubakka Kopylov 2014

G. †Madygella Rasnitsyn 1969

G. †Samarkandykia Kopylov 2014

G. †Sirecomima Rasnitsyn 1969

Subfm. Xyelinae Newman 1834

G. †Aequixyela Wang et al. 2014

Tr. †Liadoxyelini Rasnitsyn 1966

G. Pleuroneura Konow 1897

Tr. Xyelini Newman 1834

Invalid names: Aculeata Scopoli 1763 [synonym], Cleptes steenstrupi Beck 1836 [nomen nudum], Piezata Fabricius 1798 [synonym], Pseudisobrachium oligocenicum Theobald 1937 [nomen dubium], Shandongodes necrodes Zhang 1985 [nomen dubium], Siricomorpha Rasnitsyn 1980 [invalid subgroup], Symphyta Gerstaecker 1867 [invalid subgroup]

G. †Metabolarva Kirejtshuk et al. 2013

hide

†Metabolarva bella Kirejtshuk et al. 2013

Fm. †Srokalarvidae Haug et al. 2016

hide

G. †Srokalarva Haug et al. 2016

†Srokalarva berthei Haug et al. 2016

Invalid names: Endopterygota Sharp 1899 [synonym], Panorpida [empty]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

chitinc

Environment:

terrestrialc

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Modified:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Kiessling 2004, Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Moscovian to the top of the Holocene or 315.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 314.6 Ma

Collections (3461 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Westphalian A	318.1 - 314.6	France	Westphalomerope maryvonneae (122506)
Moscovian	315.2 - 307.0	Czech Republic	Phryganea arenacea, Phryganea kolbi (125662)
Westphalian C	314.6 - 311.45	Czech Republic	Phryganea solitaria (155300)
Westphalian C - Westphalian D	314.6 - 306.95	Germany (Lower Saxony)	Metabolarva bella (122514)
Westphalian C - Westphalian D	314.6 - 306.95	France	Avioxyela gallica (122504)
Westphalian D	311.45 - 306.95	USA (Illinois)	Srokalarva berthei (122493)
Gzhelian	303.7 - 298.9	France	Stephanastus polinae (121979)
Asselian	298.9 - 295.5	Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate)	Coleopsis archaica (156248)
Asselian	298.9 - 295.5	Germany	Glanomerope virgoferroa (112604)
Asselian	298.9 - 295.5	Czech Republic	Oborocoleus rohdendorfi, Liberocoleus intactus, Tshekardocoleidae indet., Boscoleus blandus, Umoricoleus perplex, Retelytron conopeum, Moravocoleus fractus, Moravocoleus neglegens, Eocoleus scaber, Moravocoleus permianus, Prosperocoleus prosperus, Votocoleus submissus, Moravocoleus perditus, Microptysmella moravica, Moravochorista carolina, Protomeropidae indet., Pseudomerope mareki, Pseudomerope havlati, Pseudomerope oborana, Stenomerope spinari, Pseudomeropella nekvasilovae (114186) Pseudomerope gallei (114141)
Asselian	298.9 - 295.5	Germany (Thüringer Wald)	Permorhipida furcativenosa, Pachypleurites nodosus (128485)
Asselian	298.9 - 295.5	USA (New Mexico)	Mecoptera indet. (124386)
Asselian - Kungurian	298.9 - 272.3	Russian Federation	Minusinia martynovae (126338)
Artinskian	290.1 - 279.3	USA (Kansas)	Elmothone martynovae, Agetopanorpa maculata, Protochorista tetraclada, Protopanorpa permiana, Permopanorpa inaequalis, Platychorista venosa (111217) Permopanorpa raymondi (151412) Protochorista tetraclada, Protochorista pentaclada, Protopanorpa permiana, Anormochorista oligoclada, Protopanorpa pusilla, Permopanorpa schucherti, Permopanorpa formosa, Permopanorpa inaequalis, Permopanorpa dunbari, Permopanorpa sellardsi, Permopanorpa tenuis, Permopanorpa gracilis, Platychorista venosa, Protomerope permiana (111219)
Artinskian	290.1 - 279.3	France (Languedoc)	Lodevosisyra reducta (105044)
Artinskian	290.1 - 279.3	USA (Oklahoma)	Permocoleus wellingtonensis (104816 104826) Permopanorpa inaequalis (107405)
Artinskian	290.1 - 279.3	South Africa (Western Cape)	Afrocupes firmae (156986)
Artinskian - Kungurian	290.1 - 272.3	Russian Federation (Kemerovo)	Mesochorista javorskyi, Asiachorista neuburgae (124614)
Irenian	279.5 - 272.5	Russian Federation	Protomeropidae indet. (102504)
Kungurian	279.3 - 272.3	Russian Federation (Kemerovo)	Asiachorista neuburgae, Asiachorista migdisovae (124615) Asiachorista tuberculata, Asiachorista neuburgae, Agetochorista sarbalensis (124613) Microptysma sibiricum, Tomiochorista prodigialis, Pinnachorista sarbalensis, Mesochorista prospera, Petromantis unicolor, Petromantis opinabilis, Petromantis sarbalensis, Petromantis nana, Callietheira sp., Asiachorista cellulosa, Callietheira major, Asiachorista lativenosa, Asiachorista gorelovae (112708) Pinnachorista imitabilis, Petromantis unicolor, Petromantis latimargo (104951)