PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Dicynodontoidea

Anomodontia

Taxonomy

Dicynodontoidea was named by Cluver and King (1983). It is not extant. Its type is Kunpania.

It was assigned to Dicynodontida by Ivakhnenko (2003); to Bidentalia by Kammerer and Angielczyk (2009) and Kammerer et al. (2011); to Anomodontia by Rozefelds et al. (2011); to Dicynodontia by Hancox et al. (2013) and Liu (2020); and to Dicynodontia by Liu (2021).

Synonyms

Dicynodon luckhoffi was named by Broom (1937). Its type specimen is SAM-PK-K1219, a skull (Now lost), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Zuurplaats, Suurplaas, Graaff-Reinet (Dicynodon Assemblage Zone), which is in a Wuchiapingian/Changhsingian terrestrial horizon in South Africa.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Brink (1986) and Kammerer et al. (2011).
Dicynodon incisivum was named by Repelin (1923). Its type specimen is Specimen Lost, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is "Purple Beds", Luang Prabang, which is in a Lopingian terrestrial horizon in Laos.

It was recombined as Lystrosaurus incisivum by Yuan and Young (1934); it was considered a nomen dubium by Battail (2009), Kammerer et al. (2011) and Olivier et al. (2019).
Dicynodon venteri was named by Broom (1935). Its type specimen is TM 199, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is New Bethesda Commonage, which is in a Wuchiapingian/Changhsingian terrestrial horizon in the Balfour Formation of South Africa.

It was synonymized subjectively with Diictodon feliceps by Brink (1986); it was considered a nomen dubium by Kammerer et al. (2011).
Platypodosaurus was named by Owen (1880).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Kammerer (2019).
Dicynodon ingens was named by Broom (1907). Its type specimen is Specimen Lost, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Ennersdale, which is in a Wuchiapingian/Changhsingian terrestrial horizon in South Africa.

It was recombined as Daptocephalus ingens by Van Hoepen (1934); it was considered a nomen dubium by Kammerer et al. (2011).
Dicynodon testudiceps was named by Owen (1845). Its type specimen is NHMUK 47054, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Fort Beaufort, which is in a Wuchiapingian/Changhsingian terrestrial lime mudstone in South Africa.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Kammerer et al. (2011).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1845	Dicynodon testudiceps Owen
1859	Dicynodon testudiceps Owen p. 143
1860	Dicynodon testudiceps Owen p. 237
1869	Dicynodon testudiceps Seeley p. 136
1880	Platypodosaurus Owen p. 159
1907	Dicynodon ingens Broom
1913	Dicynodon ingens Broom
1913	Dicynodon testudiceps Broom
1923	Dicynodon incisivum Repelin
1934	Daptocephalus ingens Van Hoepen
1934	Lystrosaurus incisivum Yuan and Young
1935	Dicynodon venteri Broom
1937	Dicynodon luckhoffi Broom p. 306 fig. 6
1981	Dicynodon testudiceps Cluver and Hotton
1983	Dicynodontoidea Cluver and King
1988	Dicynodon ingens King
1988	Dicynodon testudiceps King
2003	Dicynodontoidea Ivakhnenko
2009	Dicynodontoidea Kammerer and Angielczyk
2011	Dicynodontoidea Kammerer et al.
2011	Dicynodontoidea Rozefelds et al.
2013	Dicynodontoidea Hancox et al. p. 656
2020	Dicynodontoidea Liu
2021	Dicynodontoidea Liu

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda

Rank	Name	Author
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
order	Anomodontia	Owen 1859
order	Dicynodontia	()
—	Dicynodontoidea	Cluver and King 1983
—	Dicynodontoidea	Cluver and King 1983

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Dicynodontoidea Cluver and King 1983

show all | hide all

G. †Basilodon Kammerer et al. 2011

†Basilodon woodwardi Broom 1913

Invalid names: Dicynodon calverleyi Broom 1940 [synonym], Dicynodon microdon Broom 1936 [synonym], Dicynodon weatherbyi Broom 1941 [synonym]

G. †Counillonia Olivier et al. 2019

†Counillonia superoculis Olivier et al. 2019

G. †Daptocephalus van Hoepen 1934

†Daptocephalus huenei Haughton 1932

Invalid names: Dicynodon broilii Boonstra 1948 [objective synonym]

†Daptocephalus leoniceps Owen

Invalid names: Daptocephalus osborni Broom 1921 [synonym], Daptocephalus watsoni Broom 1921 [synonym], Dicynodon daptocephaloides Toerien 1955 [synonym], Dicynodon leontocephalus Broom 1950 [synonym], Dicynodon leontops Broom 1913 [synonym], Dicynodon lissops Broom 1913 [synonym]

G. †Delectosaurus Kurkin 2001

†Delectosaurus arefjevi Kurkin 2001

†Delectosaurus berezhanensis Kurkin 2001

G. †Dicynodon Owen 1845

†Dicynodon angielczyki Kammerer 2019

†Dicynodon hartzenbergi Broom 1940

†Dicynodon lacerticeps Owen 1845

Invalid names: Daptocephalus pardiceps Owen 1876 [synonym], Daptocephalus pardiceps Owen 1876 [synonym], Dicynodon aetorhamphus Broom 1948 [synonym], Dicynodon aetorhamphus Broom 1948 [synonym], Dicynodon cadlei Broom 1940 [synonym], Dicynodon cadlei Broom 1940 [synonym], Dicynodon dutoiti Broom and Schepers 1937 [synonym], Dicynodon dutoiti Broom and Schepers 1937 [synonym], Dicynodon kitchingi Broom 1937 [synonym], Dicynodon kitchingi Broom 1937 [synonym], Dicynodon taylori Broom 1932 [synonym], Dicynodon taylori Broom 1932 [synonym], Dicynodon trigonocephalus Broom 1940 [synonym], Dicynodon trigonocephalus Broom 1940 [synonym]

†Dicynodon lacerticeps Owen 1845

†Dicynodon pachyrhynchus Jaekel 1911

Invalid names: Dicynodon cordylus Seeley 1888 [nomen dubium], Eurycarpus Seeley 1889 [synonym], Kingoria grahami Broom 1940 [nomen dubium]

G. †Dinanomodon Broom 1938

†Dinanomodon gilli Broom 1932

Invalid names: Dicynodon anneae Broom 1940 [synonym], Dicynodon galecephalus Broom and Robinson 1948 [synonym], Dicynodon macrodon Broom 1940 [synonym], Dinanomodon gigas Broom 1940 [synonym], Dinanomodon rubidgei Broom 1938 [synonym]

G. †Gordonia Newton 1893

†Gordonia traquairi Newton 1893

Invalid names: Gordonia duffiana Newton 1893 [synonym], Gordonia huxleyana Newton 1893 [synonym], Gordonia juddiana Newton 1893 [synonym]

G. †Jimusaria Sun 1963

†Jimusaria monanensis Shi and Liu 2023

†Jimusaria sinkianensis Yuan and Young 1934

Invalid names: Dicynodon taoshuyuanensis Sun 1973 [synonym]

G. †Kannemeyeria Seeley 1908

†Kannemeyeria aganosteus Kammerer and Ordoñez 2021

†Kannemeyeria lophorhinus Renaut et al. 2003

†Kannemeyeria simocephala Weithofer 1888

Invalid names: Kannemeyeria latifrons Broom 1899 [synonym], Kannemeyeria wilsoni Broom 1937 [objective synonym], Sagecephalus pachyrhynchus Jaekel 1911 [synonym]

G. †Kunpania Sun 1978

†Kunpania scopulusa Sun 1978

Fm. †Lystrosauridae Broom 1903

G. †Euptychognathus Kammerer et al. 2011

†Euptychognathus bathyrhynchus von Huene 1942

G. †Kwazulusaurus Maisch 2002

†Kwazulusaurus shakai Maisch 2002

G. †Lystrosaurus Cope 1870

†Lystrosaurus broomi Young 1939

†Lystrosaurus curvatus Owen 1876

Invalid names: Lystrosaurus andersoni Broom [synonym], Lystrosaurus jorisseni Van Hoepen 1916 [synonym], Lystrosaurus oviceps Haughton 1915 [synonym], Lystrosaurus platyceps Seeley 1898 [synonym], Lystrosaurus theileri Van Hoepen 1916 [synonym], Lystrosaurus wageri Van Hoepen 1916 [synonym]

†Lystrosaurus declivis Brink 1951

Invalid names: Dicynodon (Ptychognathus) latirostris Owen 1860 [synonym], Lystrosaurus primitivus Toerien 1954 [synonym], Lystrosaurus wagneri Van Hoepen 1916 [synonym], Ptychognathus alfredi Owen 1862 [synonym], Ptychognathus declivis Owen 1860 [objective synonym], Ptychognathus depressus Owen 1876 [synonym], Ptychosiagum declivis Lydekker 1890 [objective synonym]

†Lystrosaurus georgi Kalandadze 1975

†Lystrosaurus hedini Young 1935

†Lystrosaurus maccaigi Seeley 1898

Invalid names: Lystrosaurus amphibius Brink 1951 [synonym], Lystrosaurus putterilli Van Hoepen 1915 [synonym]

†Lystrosaurus murrayi Huxley 1859

Invalid names: Dicynodon (Ptychognathus) verticalis Owen 1860 [synonym], Dicynodon copei Seeley 1889 [synonym], Dicynodon orientalis Huxley 1865 [synonym], Lystrosaurus bothai Broom 1941 [synonym], Lystrosaurus breyeri Van Hoepen 1915 [synonym], Lystrosaurus frontosus Cope 1870 [synonym], Lystrosaurus jeppei Van Hoepen 1916 [synonym], Lystrosaurus rajurkari Tripathi and Satsangi 1963 [synonym], Lystrosaurus rubidgei Broom 1940 [synonym], Prolystrosaurus natalensis Haughton 1917 [synonym], Ptychognathus boopis Owen 1876 [synonym], Ptychosiagum murrayi Lydekker 1890 [synonym]

†Lystrosaurus robustus Sun 1973

Invalid names: Lystrosaurus latifrons Sun 1973 [synonym]

†Lystrosaurus shichanggouensis Cheng 1986

†Lystrosaurus youngi Sun 1964

Invalid names: Dicynodon seeleyi Broili 1908 [nomen dubium], Lystrosaurus weidenreichi Young 1939 [nomen dubium], Prolystrosaurus Haughton 1917 [synonym], Prolystrosaurus strigops Broom 1913 [nomen dubium], Ptychosiagum Lydekker 1890 [synonym]

G. †Peramodon Kammerer et al. 2011

†Peramodon amalitzkii Seeley 1908

G. †Sintocephalus Van Hoepen 1934

†Sintocephalus alticeps Broom and Haughton 1913

G. †Syops Kammerer et al. 2011

†Syops vanhoepeni Boonstra 1938

Invalid names: Dicynodon roberti Boonstra 1938 [synonym]

G. †Taoheodon Liu 2020

†Taoheodon baizhijuni Liu 2020

G. †Turfanodon Sun 1973

†Turfanodon bogdaensis Sun 1973

Invalid names: Dicynodon sunanensis Li et al. 2000 [synonym], Striodon magnus Sun 1978 [synonym]

†Turfanodon jiufengensis Liu 2021

G. †Vivaxosaurus Kalandadze and Kurkin 2000

†Vivaxosaurus trautscholdi Amalitzky 1922

Invalid names: Gordonia annae Amalitzky 1922 [synonym], Gordonia rossica Amalitzky 1922 [synonym], Oudenodon venyukovi Amalitzky 1922 [synonym], Vivaxosaurus permirus Kalandadze and Kurkin 2000 [synonym]

Invalid names: Dicynodon incisivum Repelin 1923 [nomen dubium], Dicynodon ingens Broom 1907 [nomen dubium], Dicynodon luckhoffi Broom 1937 [nomen dubium], Dicynodon testudiceps Owen 1845 [nomen dubium], Dicynodon venteri Broom 1935 [nomen dubium], Platypodosaurus Owen 1880 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
C. F. Kammerer and K. D. Angielczyk 2009	The autapomorphies of Dicynodontoidea recognized in common by Angielczyk (2007), Fröbisch (2007), and Fröbisch & Reisz (2008) are: 1) labial fossa present; (2) palatal surface of the palatine moderately rugose with pitting suggesting a keratinized covering and flush with the secondary palate.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialuc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Diet:

herbivoreo

Created:

2009-01-03 20:33:45

Modified:

2009-01-03 22:33:45

Source: o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Benton 1983, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Wuchiapingian to the top of the Ladinian or 259.90000 to 237.00000 Ma

Collections (161 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Permian	298.9 - 251.902	Zambia	Dicynodon angielczyki (227294)
Permian	298.9 - 251.902	Mozambique	Dicynodon angielczyki (227295)
Permian	298.9 - 251.902	South Africa	Dicynodon sp. (189534)
Tatarian	266.9 - 257.4	Russian Federation (Orenburg)	Dicynodon sp. (196113 196152)
Capitanian	264.28 - 259.51	South Africa (Western Cape)	Dicynodon huenei, Dicynodon broilii (31777) Dicynodon sp. (176250 198710 198723)
Capitanian	264.28 - 259.51	South Africa (Northern Cape)	Dicynodon sp., Lystrosaurus sp. (85515)
Late/Upper Severodvinian - Vyatkian	264.28 - 257.4	Russian Federation (Arkhangelsk)	Dicynodon amalitzkii, Dicynodon trautscholdi, Gordonia annae, Gordonia rossica, Oudenodon venyukovi (28065) Dicynodon trautscholdi (27952)
Late/Upper Severodvinian - Vyatkian	264.28 - 257.4	Russian Federation (Orenburg)	Dicynodon trautscholdi (189314) Peramodon sp. (93030)
Late/Upper Severodvinian - Early/Lower Vyatkian	264.28 - 254.14	Russian Federation (Tatarstan)	Dicynodon trautscholdi (28855)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	South Africa	Dicynodon sp. (189781)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	South Africa (Western Cape)	Dicynodon grimbooki (176357) Dicynodon macrodon (174736) Dicynodon sp. (171377)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	South Africa (Northern Cape)	Dicynodon sp. (190565 190568)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	South Africa (Graaff-Reinet)	Dinanomodon rubidgei, Dicynodon woodwardi (171378)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	Zambia	Dicynodon huenei (88618 185604 185605) Dicynodon roberti (184660) Dicynodon vanhoepeni (184600) Syops vanhoepeni (185606)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	South Africa (Eastern Cape)	Dicynodon aetorhamphus (174622) Dicynodon alticeps, Dinanomodon gigas (171384) Dicynodon anneae, Dicynodon whitsonae (174717) Dicynodon calverleyi, Keirognathus cordylus, Dicynodon trigonocephalus (176331) Dicynodon galecephalus (144272) Dicynodon gilli (174734) Dicynodon hartzenbergi (176310) Dicynodon taylori (178127)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	Tanzania (Ruvuma)	Dicynodon bathyrhynchus, Platypodosaurus huenei (181520) Dicynodon huenei (38065 135700) Dicynodon leoniceps (190330) Dicynodon roberti, Dicynodon huenei (178128) Dicynodon sp. (38064 135698 190334)
Lopingian	259.9 - 252.17	China (Xinjiang)	Kunpania scopulusa (178199)
Lopingian	259.9 - 252.17	China (Shanxi)	Taoheodon baizhijuni (214296)
Lopingian	259.9 - 252.17	China (Inner Mongolia)	Jimusaria monanensis (232883) Turfanodon jiufengensis (224590)
Lopingian	259.9 - 252.17	China (Gansu)	Dicynodon sunanensis (175564)
Lopingian	259.9 - 252.17	Laos (Luang Prabang)	Dicynodon incisivum (176998)
Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian	259.9 - 252.17	South Africa (Western Cape)	Daptocephalus leoniceps (175567) Daptocephalus leoniceps, Dicynodon cadlei (174623) Dicynodon lacerticeps (177020) Dicynodon lissops (80176)
Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian	259.9 - 252.17	South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)	Dicynodon ingens, Daptocephalus leoniceps (177004) Kwazulusaurus shakai, Daptocephalus leoniceps (176319)
Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian	259.9 - 252.17	South Africa (Free State)	Daptocephalus leoniceps (179592) Daptocephalus leoniceps, Dicynodon leontops (177542)
Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian	259.9 - 252.17	South Africa (Eastern Cape)	Daptocephalus leoniceps (80216 86258 178872 180724 181802) Daptocephalus leoniceps, Dicynodon kitchingi, Dicynodon osborni (175553) Daptocephalus leoniceps, Dicynodon leontocephalus (177039) Daptocephalus leoniceps, Dicynodon luckhoffi (177563) Daptocephalus leoniceps, Dicynodon osborni (177604) Daptocephalus leoniceps, Dicynodon weatherbyi (80174) Dicynodon dutoiti (176667) Dicynodon grahami (176917) Dicynodon leoniceps (177038) Dicynodon pardiceps, Dicynodon testudiceps (174747) Dicynodon watsoni, Dicynodon woodwardi, Daptocephalus leoniceps, Dicynodon venteri (80219) Lystrosaurus maccaigi, Daptocephalus leoniceps, Dicynodon lissops (176312) Lystrosaurus rubidgei, Dicynodon microdon, Dicynodon kitchingi (176336)
Lopingian - Induan	259.9 - 251.2	Australia (Tasmania)	Dicynodontoidea indet. (117522)
Vyatkian	259.51 - 257.4	Russian Federation (Nizhni Novgorod)	Delectosaurus arefjevi (189315)
Vyatkian	259.51 - 257.4	Russian Federation (Kirov)	Delectosaurus berezhanensis, Vivaxosaurus permirus (120215)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	United Kingdom (Scotland)	Gordonia traquairi, Gordonia huxleyana, Gordonia duffiana, Gordonia juddiana (92323)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	South Africa (Free State)	Lystrosaurus maccaigi (195279 195280)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	South Africa (Western Cape)	Dicynodon daptocephaloides (80223)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	China (Xinjiang)	Dicynodon sinkianensis (178200) Jimusaria taoshuyuanensis, Lystrosaurus robustus, Lystrosaurus latifrons (178201) Striodon magnus (175556) Turfanodon bogdaensis (175554)
Induan	252.17 - 251.2	South Africa (Free State)	Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus curvatus, Lystrosaurus declivis (195278) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus oviceps, Lystrosaurus curvatus, Lystrosaurus declivis (80140) Lystrosaurus sp., Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus declivis (144333)
Induan	252.17 - 251.2	Russian Federation (Nizhnii Novgorod)	Lystrosaurus georgi (189460)
Induan	252.17 - 251.2	South Africa (Northern Cape)	Dicynodon murrayi (177589) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus declivis (105718)
Induan	252.17 - 251.2	South Africa (Eastern Cape)	Dicynodon curvatus, Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus maccaigi, Lystrosaurus declivis (176503) Dicynodon latirostris, Dicynodon verticalis, Lystrosaurus murrayi, Ptychognathus alfredi, Lystrosaurus curvatus, Lystrosaurus declivis (144320) Dicynodon seeleyi (178125) Lystrosaurus declivis (195281)
Induan	252.17 - 251.2	China (Xinjiang)	Lystrosaurus hedini (143485) Lystrosaurus hedini, Lystrosaurus murrayi (143474) Lystrosaurus shichanggouensis (196534) Lystrosaurus youngi (112284 143481)
Early/Lower Triassic	252.17 - 247.2	South Africa (Kwazulu-Natal)	Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus oviceps, Lystrosaurus declivis (105603)
Early/Lower Triassic	252.17 - 247.2	China (Xinjiang)	Lystrosaurus hedini (224361)
Early/Lower Triassic	252.17 - 247.2	South Africa (Eastern Cape)	Kannemeyeria wilsoni (196490) Lystrosaurus amphibius, Lystrosaurus primitivus (196533) Lystrosaurus bothai (196535) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus curvatus, Lystrosaurus declivis (105606) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus declivis (117176 117184)
Early/Lower Triassic	252.17 - 247.2	Antarctica	Lystrosaurus curvatus (87414) Lystrosaurus indet. (87420) Lystrosaurus maccaigi (27265 27266)
Early/Lower Triassic	252.17 - 247.2	South Africa (East Cape)	Lystrosaurus sp. (188978)
Early/Lower Triassic	252.17 - 247.2	Laos	Counillonia superoculis (201493)
Early/Lower Triassic	252.17 - 247.2	South Africa	Lystrosaurus sp. (190132)
Early/Lower Triassic	252.17 - 247.2	South Africa (Free State)	Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus maccaigi, Lystrosaurus platyceps, Lystrosaurus curvatus, Lystrosaurus declivis, Dinanomodon gilli (117183)
Induan - Olenekian	252.17 - 247.2	South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)	Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus curvatus, Lystrosaurus declivis (34815)
Induan - Olenekian	252.17 - 247.2	South Africa (Eastern Cape)	Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus curvatus, Lystrosaurus declivis (177605) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus maccaigi, Lystrosaurus curvatus, Lystrosaurus declivis (105610) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus oviceps, Lystrosaurus declivis (85948) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus platyceps, Lystrosaurus curvatus, Lystrosaurus declivis (181691)
Induan - Olenekian	252.17 - 247.2	South Africa (Free State)	Lystrosaurus murrayi (181689) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus curvatus, Lystrosaurus declivis (98602) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus declivis (105607) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus maccaigi, Lystrosaurus breyeri, Lystrosaurus putterilli, Lystrosaurus jeppei, Lystrosaurus wageri, Lystrosaurus wagneri, Lystrosaurus jorisseni, Lystrosaurus theileri, Lystrosaurus curvatus, Lystrosaurus declivis, Dicynodon strigops (88282) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus maccaigi, Lystrosaurus declivis (181690) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus platyceps (144326)
Induan - Smithian	252.17 - 247.2	India (West Bengal)	Dicynodon orientalis (117188) Lystrosaurus maccaigi (174085) Lystrosaurus murrayi (136562 136564 136565) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus maccagi (136560) Lystrosaurus murrayi, Lystrosaurus rajurkari, Lystrosaurus platyceps (136563) Lystrosaurus orientalis (98624 136552 136553 136555 136556 136557 136558 136559) Lystrosaurus sp. (117187)
Olenekian	251.2 - 247.2	South Africa (Eastern Cape)	Lystrosaurus sp. (92309)
Anisian	247.2 - 242.0	Namibia	Kannemeyeria simocephalus (99453)
Anisian	247.2 - 242.0	South Africa (Eastern Cape)	Dicynodon latifrons (177025) Dicynodon simocephalus (177022) Kannemeyeria simocephalus (92312 101957 101963 105295 197000) Kannemeyeria sp. (96329 144319)
Anisian	247.2 - 242.0	South Africa (Free State)	Kannemeyeria sp. (171026)
Anisian	247.2 - 242.0	South Africa	Kannemeyeria sp. (190131)
Anisian	247.2 - 242.0	Zambia	Rechnisaurus cristarhynchus (99436)
Anisian	247.2 - 242.0	Tanzania (Ruvuma)	Kannemeyeria latifrons (194382)
Anisian - Ladinian	247.2 - 237.0	Namibia	Kannemeyeria sp. (99490)
Ladinian	242.0 - 237.0	Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)	Dicynodon indet. (99374)