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Ptychopariida
Taxonomy
Ptychopariida was named by Swinnerton (1915). It was considered paraphyletic by Bignon et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Trilobita by Harrington and Leanza (1957), Bengtson (1992), Sundberg (1994), Sundberg and McCollum (2000), Sepkoski (2002), Sundberg and McCollum (2003), Loch (2007), Landing et al. (2008) and Briggs et al. (2008); and to Libristoma by Fortey (1990) and Bignon et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Trilobita by Harrington and Leanza (1957), Bengtson (1992), Sundberg (1994), Sundberg and McCollum (2000), Sepkoski (2002), Sundberg and McCollum (2003), Loch (2007), Landing et al. (2008) and Briggs et al. (2008); and to Libristoma by Fortey (1990) and Bignon et al. (2020).
Subtaxa
Acrocephalitidae, Alokistocaridae (syn. Ehmaniellidae), Amphorella, Atratebiinae, Bifodina, Bolaspididae, Bulnibarbi, Bvalbardites, Catillicephalidae, Chondrastaulina, Chuangiformis, Cliffiidae, Conococheaquea, Conocoryphidae, Conokephalinidae, Crepicephalidae, Diceratocephalidae, Elviniidae, Harpina, Indiligens (syn. Hospes), Kazelina, Kingstoniidae, Kirengelia, Lisaniidae, Lonchocephalidae, Lorenzellidae, Marjumiidae (syn. Coosellidae), Meniscocorphye, Meniscocoryphe, Menomoniidae, Neoanomocerella, Norwoodiidae, Olenina, Papyriaspididae, Phylacteridae, Plethopeltidae, Proasaphiscidae, Propeltura, Ptychopariidae, Ptychopariina, Ptychoparoides, Raymondinidae, Shumardiidae, Solenopleuracea, Solenopleuridae, Tricrepicephalidae, Xianquianaspis, Yuehsieszella
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1915 | Ptychopariida Swinnerton pp. 538-545 |
| 1957 | Ptychopariida Harrington and Leanza |
| 1990 | Ptychopariida Fortey p. 561 |
| 1992 | Ptychopariida Bengtson p. 1023 |
| 1994 | Ptychopariida Sundberg p. 53 |
| 2000 | Ptychopariida Sundberg and McCollum p. 607 |
| 2002 | Ptychopariida Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Ptychopariida Sundberg and McCollum p. 345 |
| 2007 | Ptychopariida Loch p. 22 |
| 2008 | Ptychopariida Briggs et al. p. 249 |
| 2008 | Ptychopariida Landing et al. p. 898 |
| 2020 | Ptychopariida Bignon et al. p. 1072 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. †Ptychopariida Swinnerton 1915
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Fm. †Acrocephalitidae Hupé 1953
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G. †Acrocephalites Wallerius 1895
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†Acrocephalites borealicus Lazarenko 1960
†Acrocephalites glomeratus Walcott 1916
†Acrocephalites insignis Walcott 1916
†Acrocephalites majus Walcott 1916
†Acrocephalites militans Lermontova 1940
†Acrocephalites multisegmentus Walcott 1916
†Acrocephalites redivivus Rozova 1964
†Acrocephalites reductus Rozova 1964
†Acrocephalites tutus Walcott 1916
Invalid names: Acantholenus Matthew 1898 [synonym]
G. †Acrodirotes Opik 1967
G. †Asturiaspis Sdzuy 1968
G. †Brutaspis Ivshin 1962
G. †Cermataspis Opik 1967
G. †Decus Pegel 1981
G. †Ijacephalus Ogienko 1974
G. †Pseudacrocephalaspina Ergaliev 1980
+
†Pseudacrocephalaspina extrema Ergaliev 1980
†Pseudacrocephalaspina strobiliformis Ergaliev 1980
Fm. †Alokistocaridae Resser 1939
+
G. †Alokistocare Lorenz 1906
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†Alokistocare alta Fritz 1968
†Alokistocare althea Walcott 1916
†Alokistocare aoris Walcott 1916
†Alokistocare charax Walcott 1917
†Alokistocare georgense Resser 1935
†Alokistocare modestum Lochman 1952
†Alokistocare nactum Resser 1938
†Alokistocare nasutum Rasetti 1965
†Alokistocare natale Resser 1938
†Alokistocare noduliferum Resser 1938
†Alokistocare normale Resser 1938
†Alokistocare notatum Resser 1938
†Alokistocare nothum Resser 1938
†Alokistocare paranotatum Rasetti 1951
†Alokistocare pomona Walcott 1916
†Alokistocare punctatum Resser 1939
†Alokistocare septum Resser 1939
†Alokistocare spencense Resser 1939
†Alokistocare stephenensis Resser 1935
†Alokistocare subcoronatum Hall and Whitfield 1877
†Alokistocare swasii Sundberg 1994
Invalid names: Pseudoalokistocare Sundberg 1994 [synonym]
G. †Alokistocarella Resser 1938
+
†Alokistocarella mexicana Lochman 1952
†Alokistocarella spencei Resser 1939
G. †Amecephalina Poulson 1927
G. †Amecephaloides Repina 1964
G. †Amecephalus Walcott 1924
+
†Amecephalus agnesensis Walcott 1912
†Amecephalus arrojosensis Lochman 1952
†Amecephalus cleora Walcott 1917
†Amecephalus idahoense Resser 1939
†Amecephalus jamisoni Robison and Babcock 2011
†Amecephalus laticaudum Resser 1939
†Amecephalus strangulatus Mason 1935
Invalid names: Strotocephalus Resser 1935 [synonym]
G. †Annamitia Mansuy 1916
G. †Beldirella Pokrovskaya 1960
G. †Chancia Walcott 1924
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†Chancia angusta Resser 1939
†Chancia maladensis Resser 1939
†Chancia rasettii Shaw 1957
†Chancia venusta Resser 1939
G. †Chanciaopsis Sundberg 1994
+
†Chanciaopsis heteromorphos Sundberg 1994
†Chanciaopsis odarayensis Rasetti 1951
†Chanciaopsis palliseri Walcott 1908
G. †Danzhaiaspis Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Danzhaiaspis daopingensis Zhao and Huang 1981
†Danzhaiaspis quadratus Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Ehmania Resser 1935
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†Ehmania gallatinensis Meek 1873
†Ehmania smithi Walcott 1911
†Ehmania walcotti Resser 1935
†Ehmania weedi Resser 1935
G. †Ehmaniella Resser 1937
+
†Ehmaniella angustigena Sundberg 1994
†Ehmaniella casta Chien and Zhou 1974
†Ehmaniella fronsplanata Sundberg 1994
+
†Ehmaniella fronsplanata convexa Sundberg 1994
†Ehmaniella fronsplanata fronsplanata Sundberg 1994
†Ehmaniella fronsplanata concava Sundberg 1994
†Ehmaniella quadrans Hall and Whitfield 1877
†Ehmaniella similis Zhang et al. 1980
†Ehmaniella waptaensis Rasetti 1951
†Ehmaniella whitei Robison and Babcock 2011
Invalid names: Anomalocephalus Deiss 1939 [synonym], Clappaspis Deiss 1939 [synonym]
G. †Elrathia Walcott 1924
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†Elrathia grazierensis Rasetti 1965
†Elrathia idahoensis Resser 1938
†Elrathia kingi Meek 1870
†Elrathia longiceps Resser 1938
†Elrathia occidentalis Walcott 1884
†Elrathia permulta Walcott 1918
†Elrathia rara Resser 1939
†Elrathia sampsoni Resser 1938
†Elrathia spencei Resser 1939
G. †Erdoradites Ivshin 1962
G. †Inglefieldia Poulson 1927
+
†Inglefieldia affinis Poulsen 1927
†Inglefieldia imperfecta Lochman 1952
†Inglefieldia porosa Poulsen 1927
G. †Jenkinsonia Robison 1971
G. †Kistocare Lochman 1948
+
†Kistocare campbellensis Fritz 1968
†Kistocare corbini Lochman 1948
†Kistocare tontoensis Resser 1945
G. †Lenacare Egorova 1976
G. †Parapachyaspis Qiu 1983
G. †Parehmania Deiss 1939
+
†Parehmania obscura Deiss 1939
Invalid names: Mcnairia Deiss 1939 [synonym], Rowia Deiss 1939 [synonym], Thomsonaspis Deiss 1939 [synonym]
G. †Pedinocephalina Rozova 1960
G. †Shabanovia Doweld 2013
+
†Shabanovia submissa Doweld 2013
+
Invalid names: Furia submissa Egorova and Shabanov 1987 [replaced]
Invalid names: Furia Egorova and Shabanov 1987 [replaced]
G. †Utaspis Robison 1964
Invalid names: Ehmaniellidae Sundberg 1994 [synonym]
G. †Amphorella Rozova 1963
Subfm. †Atratebiinae Shergold 1980
+
G. †Balnibarbi Fortey 1974
Fm. †Bolaspididae Howell and Moore 1959
+
G. †Bolaspis Resser 1935
+
†Bolaspis errata Resser 1935
†Bolaspis haynesi Walcott 1916
†Bolaspis labrosa Walcott 1916
†Bolaspis neihartensis Resser 1935
†Bolaspis raymondi Resser 1935
†Bolaspis ticida Walcott 1916
G. †Rawlinsella Shaw 1956
Fm. †Catillicephalidae Raymond 1938
+
G. †Acheilops Ulrich 1931
G. †Buttsia Wilson 1951
+
†Buttsia globosa Lu and Lin 1987
†Buttsia inexpectata Fortey 1980
†Buttsia parvula Khramova 1977
G. †Cryptoderaspis Rasetti 1946
G. †Galeaspis Ivshin 1955
G. †Madarocephalus Resser 1938
G. †Matania Rasetti 1946
G. †Onchonotellus Lermontova 1956
+
†Onchonotellus abnormis Ivshin 1956
†Onchonotellus fenghuangensis Duan et al. 1999
†Onchonotellus kuruktagensis Zhang 1981
†Onchonotellus perlatus Ivshin 1962
†Onchonotellus privus Rozova 1968
†Onchonotellus tchecurensis Lazarenko 1966
Invalid names: Onchonotina Lu 1964 [synonym], Seletella Ivshin 1955 [synonym]
G. †Onchonotopsis Rasetti 1946
G. †Onchonotus Raymond 1924
+
†Onchonotus convexus Rasetti 1944
†Onchonotus globosus Billings 1860
†Onchonotus granulatus Rasetti 1944
†Onchonotus nasutus Walcott 1911
†Onchonotus richardsoni Walcott 1911
G. †Peracheilus Ludvigsen 1986
+
†Peracheilus marcoui Raymond 1924
†Peracheilus spinosus Rasetti 1945
Invalid names: Acheilus Clark 1924 [replaced]
G. †Theodenisia Clark 1948
+
†Theodenisia paulula Khramova 1977
Invalid names: Mannschreekia Stitt 1983 [synonym]
G. †Theodensia
G. †Tumidulaspis Romanenko 1967
G. †Urbanaspis Ivshin 1953
G. †Welleraspis Kobayashi 1935
+
†Welleraspis jerseyensis Weller 1990
†Welleraspis newfoundlandensis Lochman 1938
Invalid names: Avonaspis Lochman 1940 [synonym]
G. †Yukonaspis Kobayashi 1936
G. †Chondrastaulina
G. †Chuangiformis
G. †Conococheaguea Rasetti 1959
Fm. †Conocoryphidae Angelin 1854
+
G. †Bailiaspis Resser 1936
+
†Bailiaspis bufo Hicks 1865
†Bailiaspis dalmani Angelin 1878
†Bailiaspis elegans Hartt 1868
†Bailiaspis emarginata Linarsson 1877
†Bailiaspis glabrata Angelin 1878
†Bailiaspis granulata Matthew 1885
†Conocoryphe emarginata longifrons Cobbold 1911
G. †Bailiella Matthew 1885
+
†Bailiella aequalis Linarsson 1882
†Bailiella arcuata Matthew 1885
†Bailiella baileyi Hartt 1868
†Bailiella cobboldi Resser 1936
†Bailiella comleyensis Resser 1936
†Bailiella heberti Munier-Chalmas and Bergeron 1889
†Bailiella impressa Linarsson 1879
†Bailiella lantenoisi Mansuy 1916
†Bailiella lata Zhang et al. 1980
†Bailiella levyi Munier-Chalmas and Bergeron 1889
†Bailiella lyelli Hicks 1871
†Bailiella tenuicincta Linarsson 1879
†Bailiella teres Grönwall 1902
†Bailiella walcotti Matthew 1885
†Conocoryphe heberti pseudooculata Miquel 1905
Invalid names: Liocephalus Grönwall 1902 [synonym]
G. †Conocoryphe Hawle and Corda 1847
+
Subg. †Conocoryphe (Bailiella) Matthew 1885
†Conocoryphe atlanta Snajdr 1982
†Conocoryphe bullata Howell 1925
†Conocoryphe sulzeri Schlotheim 1823
Invalid names: Conocephalites Barrande 1852 [objective synonym], Couloumania Thoral 1946 [synonym]
G. †Ctenocephalus Hawle and Corda 1847
+
†Ctenocephalus geminispinosus Hartt 1868
†Ctenocephalus granulatus Walcott 1884
†Ctenocephalus hartti Resser 1936
G. †Elyx Brogger 1879
G. †Novocatharia Özdikmen 2009
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†Novocatharia ferralsensis Courtessole 1967
Invalid names: Catharia Alvaro and Vizcaino 2003 [replaced]
G. †Parabailiella Thoral 1946
G. †Tchaiaspis
Fm. †Conokephalinidae Hupé 1953
+
G. †Conokephalina Broegger 1886
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Invalid names: Lobocephalina Ruzicka 1940 [synonym], Ruzickaia Pribyl 1950 [synonym]
G. †Meisterella Ivshin 1952
G. †Miranda Jegorova 1984
G. †Suludella Egorova and Savitsky 1968
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†Suludella davnii Palmer and Gatehouse 1972
†Suludella spinosa Palmer and Gatehouse 1972
G. †Westergaardella Kobayashi 1962
Fm. †Crepicephalidae Kobayashi 1935
+
G. †Coosia Walcott 1911
+
†Coosia alethes Walcott 1916
†Coosia longocula Palmer 1962
†Coosia pernamagna Wilson 1954
G. †Coosinoides Ivshin 1962
+
†Coosinoides anhuiensis Lu and Zhu 1980
†Coosinoides parthianus Dean 2006
G. †Crepicephalina Resser and Endo 1935
+
†Crepicephalina convexus Walcott 1911
†Crepicephalina pergranosa Resser and Endo 1937
†Crepicephalina ruichengensis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Crepicephalus Owen 1852
+
†Crepicephalus australis Palmer 1954
†Crepicephalus ceratopygoides Raymond 1925
†Crepicephalus comus Walcott 1916
†Crepicephalus iowensis Owen 1952
†Crepicephalus thoosa Walcott 1916
G. †Hsuchuangia Lu and Zhu 1983
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†Hsuchuangia angustilimbata Meng 1977
†Hsuchuangia elongata Qiu 1983
†Hsuchuangia hsuchuangensis Lu 1953
†Hsuchuangia huoshanensis Zhang and Wang 1985
†Hsuchuangia longiceps Lu and Zhu 2001
†Hsuchuangia luliangshanensis Zhang and Wang 1985
G. †Idioura Zhang et al. 1980
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†Idioura granosa Zhang et al. 1980
†Idioura laevigata Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Kasatchaspis Ivshin 1962
G. †Sinocrepicephalus Zhang and Jinlin 1984
G. †Uncaspis Kobayashi 1935
G. †Zaozhuangaspis Lin 1984
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†Zaozhuangaspis pertenus Lin 1984
†Zaozhuangaspis shandongensis Lin 1984
†Zaozhuangaspis similis Lin 1984
†Zaozhuangaspis trapezoidalis Lin 1984
Fm. †Diceratocephalidae Lu 1954
+
G. †Ajrikina Kryskov 1963
+
†Ajrikina elongata Ergaliev 1980
†Ajrikina hunanensis Peng 1987
+
Invalid names: Jiangnania fengzuensis Lu and Lin 1989 [synonym], Jiangnania fuyangensis Lu and Lin 1989 [synonym]
†Ajrikina miranda Lin et al. 1983
†Ajrikina wannanensis Qiu 1983
Invalid names: Huamiaocephalus Qiu 1983 [synonym], Jiangnania Lin et al. 1983 [synonym]
G. †Anopocodia Opik 1967
G. †Aulacodigma Opik 1967
G. †Cyclolorenzella Kobayashi 1960
+
†Cyclolorenzella acalle Walcott 1905
†Cyclolorenzella caijiapingensis Yang 1978
†Cyclolorenzella convexa Resser and Endo 1937
†Cyclolorenzella distincta Zhang 1985
†Cyclolorenzella hebeiensis Zhu and Wittke 1989
†Cyclolorenzella parabola Resser and Endo 1937
†Cyclolorenzella uniforma Zhu and Wittke 1989
†Cyclolorenzella yentaiensis Chu 1959
G. †Fenghuangella Yang 1977
+
†Fenghuangella coniformis Ergaliev 1980
†Fenghuangella laochatianensis Yang 1977
†Fenghuangella lata Qian and Zhou 1984
†Fenghuangella magnispina Lin et al. 1983
†Fenghuangella striata Qian and Zhou 1984
†Fenghuangella subtriangularis Lin et al. 1983
Invalid names: Cyclolorenzellina Ergaliev 1980 [synonym]
G. †Tholifrons Palmer 1968
+
†Tholifrons minuta Palmer 1968
Invalid names: Paraphoreotropis Shaw 1968 [synonym]
Fm. †Elviniidae Kobayashi 1936
+
G. †Chariocephalus Hall 1863
+
†Chariocephalus tumifrons Hall and Whitfield 1877
†Chariocephalus whitfieldi Hall 1863
G. †Dartonaspis Miller 1936
G. †Dunderbergia Walcott 1924
+
†Dunderbergia bigranulosa Palmer 1960
†Dunderbergia brevispina Palmer 1965
†Dunderbergia calculosa Palmer 1965
†Dunderbergia halli Resser 1935
†Dunderbergia polybothra Palmer 1960
†Dunderbergia simplex Rasetti 1961
†Dunderbergia variagranula Palmer 1954
G. †Dytremacephalus Palmer 1954
+
†Dytremacephalus asperaxis Palmer 1965
†Dytremacephalus granulosus Palmer 1954
†Dytremacephalus laevis Palmer 1954
†Dytremacephalus strictus Rasetti 1965
G. †Elvinia Walcott 1924
G. †Elvinoides Ivshin 1962
G. †Elviraspis Ivshin 1962
G. †Elyaspis Kurtz 1975
G. †Irvingella Ulrich and Resser 1924
+
†Irvingella angustilimbata Kobayashi 1938
†Irvingella major Ulrich and Resser 1924
+
Invalid names: Irvingella septentrionalis Walcott and Resser 1924 [synonym]
†Irvingella norilica Lazarenko 1968
†Irvingella perfecta Chernysheva 1968
†Irvingella taitzuhoensis Lu 1957
†Irvingella transversa Palmer 1965
†Irvingella tropica Opik 1963
Invalid names: Komaspis Kobayashi 1935 [synonym], Parairvingella Kobayashi 1938 [synonym]
G. †Kujandina
G. †Megadunderbergia Kobayashi 1938
G. †Metisaspina
G. †Paraenshia Qiu 1983
G. †Pesaia Walcott and Ressler 1928
G. †Prismenaspis Henderson 1976
+
†Prismenaspis magnus Ergaliev 1980
†Prismenaspis trisulcatus Ergaliev 1980
G. †Pseudosaukia Rasetti 1944
+
†Pseudosaukia brevifrons Clark 1924
†Pseudosaukia sesostris Billings 1865
G. †Qingshuihella Zhang 1980
G. †Indiligens Özdikmen 2009
+
†Indiligens clonograpti Stubblefield and Bulman 1927
Invalid names: Hospes Stubblefield and Bulman 1927 [replaced]
G. †Kazellina Sivov 1955
Fm. †Kingstoniidae Kobayashi 1935
+
G. †Ankoura Resser 1938
G. †Blountia Walcott 1916
+
†Blountia alemon Walcott 1916
†Blountia alexas Walcott 1916
†Blountia amage Walcott 1916
†Blountia andreas Walcott 1916
†Blountia anser Walcott 1916
†Blountia cora Lochman and Duncan 1944
†Blountia gaspensis Rasetti 1946
†Blountia janei Lochman and Duncan 1944
†Blountia mimula Walcott 1916
†Blountia morgancreekensis Armstrong et al. 2020
†Blountia nasuta Rasetti 1946
†Blountia nevadensis Armstrong et al. 2020
†Blountia newfoundlandensis Armstrong et al. 2020
†Blountia tennesseensis Armstrong et al. 2020
†Blountia terranovica Resser 1942
†Blountia virginica Rasetti 1961
Invalid names: Homodictya Raymond 1937 [synonym], Protillaenus Raymond 1937 [synonym]
G. †Brachyaspidion Miller 1936
G. †Bynumina Resser 1942
G. †Calvipelta Westrop 1986
G. †Clelandia Cossman 1902
+
†Clelandia aspina Ross and Barnes 1967
†Clelandia bispina Ross and Barnes 1967
†Clelandia parabola Cleland 1900
†Clelandia utahensis Ross 1951
Invalid names: Bynumiella Resser 1942 [synonym], Harrisia Cleland 1900 [replaced]
G. †Kingstonia Walcott 1924
+
†Kingstonia apion Walcott 1924
†Kingstonia ara Walcott 1924
†Kingstonia gaspensis Rasetti 1946
†Kingstonia neimonggolensis Zhang and Zhou 1993
†Kingstonia peltata Palmer and in Palmer and Peel 1981
†Kingstonia vagrans Lochman 1938
G. †Komaspidella Kobayashi 1938
+
†Komaspidella laevis Rasetti 1961
†Komaspidella lata Rasetti 1961
†Komaspidella occidentalis Palmer 1962
†Komaspidella thea Walcott 1890
Invalid names: Ataktaspis Lochman and Duncan 1944 [synonym], Buttsina Rozova 1968 [synonym]
G. †Larifugula Ludvigsen 1982
G. †Pugionicauda Westrop 1986
G. †Wanwanaspis Kobayashi 1966
+
†Wanwanaspis pygidion Shergold 1975
†Wanwanaspis wannanensis Qiu 1984
G. †Kirengelia
Fm. †Lisaniidae Chang 1963
+
G. †Eoshengia Yang 1978
+
†Eoshengia constricta Zhang 1981
†Eoshengia dongqinlingia Yang et al. 1993
†Eoshengia gaoqiaogouensis Yang et al. 1993
†Eoshengia paratenuis Yang et al. 1993
†Eoshengia parva Yang et al. 1993
†Eoshengia rigida Yang et al. 1993
†Eoshengia shorteglabella Yang et al. 1993
†Eoshengia spinosa Yang 1978
†Eoshengia tenuis Zhang 1981
Invalid names: Baojingia Yang 1977 [synonym]
G. †Lisaniella Chang 1963
+
†Lisaniella elongata Chang 1963
†Lisaniella elongataformis Ergaliev 1980
G. †Megalisania Qiu 1983
G. †Paralisaniella Qiu 1983
G. †Platylisania Zhang and Jell 1987
G. †Redlichaspis Kobayshi 1935
G. †Xichuania Yang et al. 1993
+
†Xichuania magnipalpebra Yang et al. 1993
†Xichuania xiuzigouensis Yang et al. 1993
Fm. †Lonchocephalidae Hupé 1955
+
G. †Amiaspis Lochmann 1944
G. †Bolaspidellus Lazerenko and Datsenko 1967
G. †Caulaspis Rozova 1960
G. †Durinia Robison 1988
G. †Glaphyraspis Resser 1937
+
†Glaphyraspis ovata Rasetti 1961
†Glaphyraspis parva Walcott 1899
†Glaphyraspis parviformis Ergaliev 1980
Invalid names: Raaschella Lochmann 1938 [synonym]
G. †Interalia Opik 1967
G. †Kuraspis Chernysheva 1959
+
†Kuraspis acricula Rozova 1963
†Kuraspis antiqua Rozova 1964
†Kuraspis similis Chernysheva 1960
G. †Kuraspoides Ogienko and Garina 1999
G. †Neoglaphyraspis Yuan and Yin 1998
+
†Neoglaphyraspis nitida Yuan and Yin 1998
†Neoglaphyraspis trapezoidalis Yuan and Yin 1998
G. †Neograciella Özdikmen 2006
+
†Neograciella graciensis Rozova 1963
Invalid names: Graciella Rozova 1963 [replaced]
G. †Olegaspis Ivshin 1962
G. †Pseudotalbotina Benedetto 1977
G. †Quebecaspis Rasetti 1944
+
†Quebecaspis breviceps Rasetti 1944
†Quebecaspis conifrons Rasetti 1961
†Quebecaspis marylandica Rasetti 1961
G. †Talbotina Lochman 1938
+
†Talbotina degrasensis Lochman 1938
†Talbotina levisensis Rasetti 1944
†Talbotina solitaris Lochman 1938
G. †Terranovella Lochman 1938
+
†Terranovella arcuata Palmer and in Palmer and Peel 1981
†Terranovella brevis Palmer 1965
†Terranovella dorsalis Hall 1863
†Terranovella obscura Lochman 1938
Fm. †Lorenzellidae Zhang 1963
+
G. †Damiaoaspis Chen 1983
G. †Inouyops Resser 1942
+
†Inouyops abnormis Zhang et al. 1980
†Inouyops latilimbatus Zhang and Yuan 1981
†Inouyops longispinus Zhang et al. 1980
†Inouyops titiana Walcott 1905
G. †Inoyellaspis Ivshin 1952
G. †Jiangjunshania Qiu 1983
G. †Lorenzella Kobayashi 1935
+
†Lorenzella convexa Endo and Resser 1937
†Lorenzella kushanensis Chu 1959
†Lorenzella subcylindrica Chu 1959
†Lorenzella wutaiensis Chang 1965
G. †Paralorenzella Zhang 1983
G. †Pseudolorenzella Romanenko 1970
G. †Ptyctolorenzella Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Ptyctolorenzella rugosa Zhang et al. 1980
†Ptyctolorenzella xuzhuangensis Lu and Zhu 2001
Fm. †Marjumiidae Kobayashi 1935
+
G. †Anemocephalops Ivshin 1962
G. †Coosella Lochman 1936
+
†Coosella helena Lochman 1938
†Coosella intermediens Lochman 1938
†Coosella kieri Robison and Babcock 2011
†Coosella perplexa Palmer 1954
†Coosella prolifica Lochman 1936
G. †Crepichilella Wilson 1951
G. †Glyphopeltis Deiss 1939
G. †Holmdalia Robison 1988
G. †Ithyektyphus Shaw 1956
G. †Lecanopleura Raymond 1937
G. †Modocia Walcott 1924
+
†Modocia arctica Walcott and Resser 1924
†Modocia comforti Robison and Babcock 2011
†Modocia integella Rozova 1964
†Modocia kohli Robison and Babcock 2011
†Modocia obscura Zhang et al. 1980
†Modocia oweni Meek and Hayden 1861
†Modocia penfieldi Walcott 1899
†Modocia whiteleyi Robison and Babcock 2011
Invalid names: Armonia Walcott 1924 [synonym], Metisia Resser 1937 [synonym], Perioura Resser 1938 [synonym]
G. †Pearylandia Robison 1988
G. †Petruninaspis Ivshin 1962
G. †Schyilaspis Ivshin 1962
G. †Shickshockia Rasetti 1946
G. †Syspacheilus Resser 1938
Invalid names: Coosellidae Palmer 1954 [synonym]
G. †Meniscocoryphe Ludvigsen et al. 1989
G. †Meniscocoryphe Ludvigsen et al. 1989
Fm. †Menomoniidae Walcott 1916
+
G. †Ampullatocephalina Lu and Qian 1983
G. †Balderia Robison 1988
G. †Biaverta Opik 1967
G. †Bolaspidella Resser 1937
+
†Bolaspidella contracta Robison 1964
†Bolaspidella convexa Howell 1937
†Bolaspidella housensis Walcott 1886
†Bolaspidella jarrardi Robison and Babcock 2011
†Bolaspidella prooculis Palmer 1954
†Bolaspidella reesae Robison and Babcock 2011
†Bolaspidella stymacantha Robison 1988
Invalid names: Deissella Howell and Duncan 1939 [synonym], Deltophthalamus Resser 1938 [synonym], Howellaspis Lochmann and Denson 1944 [synonym], Hysteropleura Raymond 1937 [synonym]
G. †Bridgeia Lochman 1944
G. †Coenaspis Resser 1938
G. †Dresbachia Walcott 1916
G. †Menomonia Walcott 1916
+
†Menomonia sahratiani Robison and Babcock 2011
Invalid names: Densonella Shaw 1952 [synonym]
G. †Nephalicephalus Peters 2003
G. †Tavsenia Robison 1988
G. †Verditerrina Robison 1988
G. †Neoanomocarella Xiang 1963
Fm. †Norwoodiidae Walcott 1916
+
G. †Cedaraspis Ivshin 1960
G. †Hardyoides Kobayashi 1938
+
†Hardyoides damaensis Duan 2004
†Hardyoides mimicus Palmer 1965
†Hardyoides sinensis Peng 1992
Invalid names: Norwoodina Lochman 1940 [synonym]
G. †Holcacephalus Resser 1938
G. †Levisaspis Rasetti 1943
G. †Norwoodella Resser 1938
G. †Norwoodia Walcott 1916
+
†Norwoodia boninoi Robison and Babcock 2011
†Norwoodia katherina Lochman 1938
G. †Paranorwoodia Rasetti 1945
Subor. †Olenina Hupe 1952
+
Invalid names: Hypermecaspididae Harrington and Leanza 1957 [empty], Proetacea Corda 1847 [empty]
Fm. †Papyriaspididae Whitehouse 1939
+
G. †Badainjaranaspis Lu et al. 1986
G. †Pianaspis Saito and Sakakura 1936
+
†Pianaspis attenuata Lermontova and Chernysheva 1950
†Pianaspis dictyodroma Yang et al. 1993
†Pianaspis insuetus Lu and Zhu 1980
†Pianaspis sinensis Yang 1978
†Pianaspis sors Öpik 1961
G. †Wandelella Robison 1988
Fm. †Phylacteridae Ludvigsen and Westrop 1989
+
G. †Aphelotoxon Palmer 1965
+
†Aphelotoxon acuminata Palmer 1960
†Aphelotoxon granulosus Palmer 1965
†Aphelotoxon limbata Palmer 1965
†Aphelotoxon lumaleasa Hohensee and Stitt 1989
†Aphelotoxon marginata Palmer 1965
†Aphelotoxon punctata Palmer 1965
†Aphelotoxon spinosus Palmer 1965
Invalid names: Ponumia Hu 1970 [synonym]
G. †Cliffia Wilson 1951
+
†Cliffia lataegenae Wilson 1949
†Cliffia magnacilis Hohensee and Stitt 1989
†Cliffia nicoleae Chatterton 2020
G. †Drabia Wilson 1951
+
†Drabia acroccipita Wilson 1951
†Drabia curtoccipita Wilson 1951
†Drabia occidentalis Westrop 1986
†Drabia typica Hu 1979
G. †Westonaspis Rasetti 1945
Fm. †Plethopeltidae Raymond 1925
+
G. †Koldinia Walcott and Resser 1928
+
†Koldinia minor Kobayashi 1943
†Koldinia odelli Peng et al. 2009
G. †Kuljumbina Lazerenko 1960
G. †Leiocoryphe Clark 1924
+
†Leiocoryphe brevis Raymond 1924
†Leiocoryphe gemma Clark 1924
†Leiocoryphe occipitalis Rasetti 1944
G. †Notaiella Ogienko 1974
G. †Plethopeltis Raymond 1913
+
†Plethopeltis levis Walcott 1899
†Plethopeltis pulveris Ludvigsen et al. 1989
Invalid names: Plethometopus Ulrich 1931 [synonym]
G. †Pseudokoldinella Timokhin 1988
G. †Semicyclocephalus Ivshin 1952
G. †Stenopilus Raymond 1924
+
†Stenopilus elongatus Rasetti 1944
†Stenopilus hirtus Rozova 1968
†Stenopilus intermedius Clark 1924
†Stenopilus pronus Raymond 1924
G. †Strotocephala Raymond 1937
G. †Tolstotchichaspis Rozova 1960
Fm. †Proasaphiscidae Zhang 1963
+
G. †Alomataspis Opik 1967
G. †Atilayus Özdikmen 2006
+
†Atilayus orientalis Ogienko 1969
Invalid names: Deltocephalus Ogienko 1969 [replaced]
G. †Chelidonocephalus King 1937
G. †Dananzhuangaspis Lin 1983
G. †Daopingia Lee 1978
+
†Daopingia daopingensis Lee 1978
†Daopingia elongatus Zhao and Huang 1981
†Daopingia guizhouensis Zhao and Huang 1981
G. †Derikaspis Dean 1982
G. †Gangdeeria Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Gangdeeria angusta Zhang et al. 1980
†Gangdeeria neimengguensis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Grandioculus Cossmann 1908
G. †Hatangia Egorova and Savitsky 1968
G. †Honanaspis Chang 1959
+
†Honanaspis angustigenatus Zhang et al. 1980
†Honanaspis microps Zhang et al. 1980
†Honanaspis transversus Zhang et al. 1980
†Proasaphiscus (Honanaspis) honanensis Chang 1959
†Proasaphiscus (Honanaspis) lui Chang 1959
G. †Honania Li 1965
+
†Honania lata Li 1965
†Honania panda Zhang et al. 1980
†Honania pansa Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Huaibeia Bi 1983
G. †Hundwarella Reed 1934
+
†Hundwarella memor Reed 1910
Invalid names: Anomocaraspis Ivshin 1953 [synonym]
G. †Iranoleesia King 1955
+
†Iranoleesia butes Walcott 1905
Invalid names: Heyelingella Zhang et al. 1980 [synonym], Michaspis Egorova and Savitsky 1968 [synonym]
G. †Jiangsuaspis Lin 1983
G. †Jiangsucephalus Qiu 1983
G. †Jiangsuia Lin et al. 1983
+
†Jiangsuia cylindrica Qian and Zhou 1984
†Jiangsuia typica Lin et al. 1983
G. †Jiubaspis Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Jiubaspis brevica Zhang et al. 1980
†Jiubaspis longus Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Jixianella Zhang 2001
+
†Jixianella jixianensis Zhang et al. 1995
Invalid names: Jixiania Zhang et al. 1995 [replaced]
G. †Kutsingocephalus Li and Wang 1963
+
†Kutsingocephalus kutsingensis Li and Wang 1963
†Kutsingocephalus yankongensis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Manchuriella Resser and Endo 1935
+
†Manchuriella macar Walcott 1911
†Manchuriella suyangensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Manchuriella tenuilabrosa Resser and Endo 1937
G. †Maotunia Zhang and Jell 1987
G. †Proacanthocephalus Özdikmen 2008
+
†Proacanthocephalus longispinus Qiu 1983
Invalid names: Acanthocephalus Qiu 1983 [replaced]
G. †Proasaphiscina Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Proasaphiscina mantoushanensis Lu and Zhu 2001
†Proasaphiscina monanensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Proasaphiscina quadrata Zhang et al. 1980
†Proasaphiscina taosigouensis Zhang and Yuan 1981
G. †Proasaphiscus Resser and Endo 1935
+
†Proasaphiscus granulus Zhang et al. 1995
†Proasaphiscus quadratus Zhang et al. 1980
†Proasaphiscus simoni Peng et al. 2009
†Proasaphiscus yabei Resser and Endo 1935
G. †Pseudanomocarina Chernysheva 1956
G. †Shanxiella Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Shanxiella rara Zhang et al. 1980
†Shanxiella venusta Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Stella Egorova and Savitsky 1968
G. †Tankhella Chernysheva 1961
G. †Urjungaspis Egorova and Savitsky 1968
G. †Wolfartius Özdikmen 2006
+
†Wolfartius abundans Wolfart 1974
Invalid names: Farsia Wolfart 1974 [replaced]
G. †Yujinia Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Yujinia angustilimbata Zhang et al. 1980
†Yujinia latilimbata Zhang et al. 1995
†Yujinia ludianensis Meng 1977
†Yujinia magna Zhang et al. 1980
†Yujinia shanxiensis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Zhongtiaoshanaspis Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Zhongtiaoshanaspis minus Zhang et al. 1980
†Zhongtiaoshanaspis rara Zhang et al. 1980
†Zhongtiaoshanaspis ruichengensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Zhongtiaoshanaspis similis Zhang and Yuan 1981
Invalid names: Holanshaniidae Chang 1963 [invalid subgroup], Tengfengiidae Chang 1963 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Propeltura
Fm. †Ptychopariidae Matthew 1887
+
G. †Achlysopsis Fritz 1968
+
†Achlysopsis brighamensis Resser 1939
†Achlysopsis hemitora Fritz 1968
†Achlysopsis liokata Fritz 1968
G. †Altitudella Repina 1974
G. †Asthenopsis Whitehouse 1939
+
†Asthenopsis butorosa Jell 1978
†Asthenopsis levior Whitehouse 1939
†Asthenopsis opalensis Jell 1978
†Asthenopsis queenslandica Jell 1978
†Asthenopsis rhinostrongyla Jell 1978
†Asthenopsis unquinsepta Jell 1978
G. †Austinvillia Resser 1938
G. †Balangcunaspis Yuan et al. 1997
+
†Balangcunaspis subcylindricus Yuan et al. 1997
†Balangcunaspis transversus Yuan et al. 1997
G. †Bathyholcus Rasetti 1961
+
†Bathyholcus gaspensis Rasetti 1961
†Bathyholcus sulcatus Rasetti 1961
G. †Bolaspidina Lermontova 1960
G. †Brunswickia Howell 1937
G. †Caborcella Lochman 1948
+
†Caborcella arrojosensis Lochman 1948
†Caborcella collaris Rasetti 1951
†Caborcella pseudaulax Palmer and Halley 1979
†Caborcella reducta Palmer and Halley 1979
†Caborcella trifossatus Mason 1935
G. †Champlainia Howell 1937
G. †Douposiella Lu and Zhang 1974
+
†Douposiella himalaica Reed 1910
Invalid names: Tongshania Qui and Lin 1983 [synonym]
G. †Eoptychoparia Rasetti 1955
+
†Eoptychoparia benxiensis Guo and An 1982
†Eoptychoparia jinshaensis Zhou 1974
†Eoptychoparia manifesta Lazarenko 1962
†Eoptychoparia nangaoensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Eoptychoparia tafilaltensis Geyer 2015
G. †Eospencia Chernysheva 1961
G. †Eurostina Whitehouse 1939
G. †Gaotanaspis Zhang and Li 1984
G. †Gaphuraspis Ivshin 1957
G. †Gedongaspis Yuan et al. 1997
+
†Gedongaspis granulosa Yuan et al. 1997
†Gedongaspis oblonga Yuan et al. 1997
G. †Gunnia Gatehouse 1968
+
†Gunnia smithi Peng et al. 2009
Invalid names: Yiliangaspis Luo 1994 [synonym]
G. †Holasaphus Matthew 1895
G. †Illtydaspis Fritz 1991
+
†Illtydaspis aphylla Fritz 1991
†Illtydaspis ornata Fritz 1991
†Illtydaspis quartetensis Fritz 1991
G. †Jiumenia Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Jiumenia spinosa Zhang et al. 1980
†Jiumenia typica Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Kaotaia Lu 1962
+
†Kaotaia gedongensis Yuan and Zhao 1994
†Kaotaia globosa Chang and Zhou 1974
†Kaotaia longa Zhang et al. 1980
†Kaotaia magna Lu 1945
†Kaotaia prachina Peng et al. 2009
†Kaotaia qinkouensis Zhou 1974
G. †Kochiella Poulsen 1927
+
†Kochiella arenosa Resser 1939
†Kochiella augusta Walcott 1886
†Kochiella brevaspis Sundberg and McCollum 2002
†Kochiella chares Walcott 1917
†Kochiella crito Walcott 1917
†Kochiella eiffelensis Rasetti 1951
†Kochiella gracilis Poulsen 1927
†Kochiella mackenziensis Norford 1968
†Kochiella mansfieldi Resser 1939
†Kochiella maxeyi Rasetti 1951
†Kochiella rasettii Sundberg and McCollum 2002
†Kochiella tuberculata Poulsen 1927
Invalid names: Eiffelaspis Chang 1963 [synonym]
G. †Kochiellina Palmer and Halley 1979
+
†Kochiellina groomensis Palmer and Halley 1979
†Kochiellina janglensis Palmer and Halley 1979
G. †Kounamkites Chernysheva 1956
G. †Kunmingaspis Lu and Chang 1974
+
†Kunmingaspis qiannanensis Zhou 1974
†Kunmingaspis stracheyi Reed 1910
†Kunmingaspis yunnanensis Chang 1964
Invalid names: Benxiaspis Guo and An 1982 [synonym]
G. †Luxella Rasetti 1955
G. †Lyriaspis Whitehouse 1939
G. †Meitania Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Meitania similis Zhang et al. 1980
†Meitania suni Lu 1945
G. †Parashuiyuella Yuan et al. 1997
+
†Parashuiyuella sinensis Yuan et al. 1997
†Parashuiyuella subcylindrica Yuan et al. 1997
Invalid names: Promeitania Yuan et al. 1997 [synonym]
Invalid names: Majiangia Lu and Qian 1983 [synonym]
G. †Meniscopsia Robison and Babcock 2011
+
†Meniscopsia beebei Robison and Babcock 2011
Invalid names: Selenocoryphe Beebe 1990 [nomen nudum], Selenocoryphe platyura Beebe 1990 [nomen nudum]
G. †Monanocephalus Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Monanocephalus latus Zhang et al. 1995
†Monanocephalus liquani Peng et al. 2009
†Monanocephalus maopoensis Reed 1910
†Monanocephalus zhongtiaoshanensis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Nangaoia Zhou 1974
+
Subg. †Nangaoia (Shilengshuia) Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Nangaoia (Shilengshuia) conica Yuan and Zhao 2002
†Shilengshuia contracta Zhang et al. 1980
†Shilengshuia jiubaensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Shilengshuia lata Zhang et al. 1980
†Nangaoia megaceps Zhou 1974
G. †Nangaops Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Nangaops brevicus Zhang et al. 1980
†Nangaops danzhaiensis Zhou 1974
†Nangaops elongatus Zhang et al. 1980
†Nangaops nangaoensis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Nassovia Howell 1937
G. †Neoblairella Özdikmen 2006
+
†Neoblairella crassimarginata Rasetti 1965
Invalid names: Blairella Rasetti 1965 [replaced]
G. †Neoregina Özdikmen 2006
+
†Neoregina opipara Egorova 1967
Invalid names: Regina Egorova 1967 [replaced]
G. †Olenekina Egorova 1970
G. †Onchocephalites Rasetti 1957
+
†Onchocephalites claytonensis Sundberg and McCollum 2003
†Onchocephalites laevis Rasetti 1957
†Onchocephalites permingeati Termier and Termier 1950
G. †Orienturus Repina 1973
G. †Orloviella Sigov 1955
G. †Pachyaspis Resser 1938
+
†Pachyaspis benxiensis Guo and An 1982
†Pachyaspis deborra Lochman 1952
†Pachyaspis gallagari Fritz 1968
†Pachyaspis isabella Lochman 1952
†Pachyaspis longa Fritz 1968
G. †Paleonelsonia Özdikmen 2008
+
†Paleonelsonia schesis Palmer and Gatehouse 1972
Invalid names: Nelsonia Palmer and Gatehouse 1972 [replaced]
G. †Palmerara Özdikmen 2009
+
†Palmerara granosa Resser 1939
Invalid names: Nyella Palmer and Halley 1979 [replaced]
G. †Palmeraspis Repina 1973
G. †Paraeosoptychoparia Qiu 1983
G. †Paraperiomma Zhou 1974
+
†Paraperiomma huangnipoensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Paraperiomma nodosa Yang et al. 1993
G. †Paraplagiura Zhang 1983
G. †Parapoulsenia Rasetti 1957
G. †Paraziboaspis Nan and Chang 1982
+
†Paraziboaspis angustilimbata Yuan and Li 1999
†Paraziboaspis houmengensis Qiu 1983
†Paraziboaspis intermedia Yuan and Li 1999
†Paraziboaspis rara Yuan and Li 1999
†Paraziboaspis zhaishanensis Qiu 1983
G. †Periommella Resser 1938
G. †Plagiura Resser 1935
+
†Plagiura cercops Walcott 1917
†Plagiura cleadas Walcott 1917
†Plagiura extensa Palmer and Halley 1979
†Plagiura minor Palmer and Halley 1979
†Plagiura retracta Palmer and Halley 1979
Invalid names: Plagiurella Resser 1937 [synonym], Ruichengella Zhang et al. 1980 [synonym]
G. †Probowmania Kobayashi 1935
+
†Probowmania balangensis Yuan et al. 1997
†Probowmania bhatti Peng et al. 2009
†Probowmania divergens Yuan and Li 1999
†Probowmania huainanensis Yuan and Li 1999
†Probowmania quadrata Yuan and Li 1999
†Probowmania similis Yuan and Li 1999
G. †Probowmaniella Chang 1963
+
†Probowmaniella jiawangensis Chang 1963
†Probowmaniella jixianensis Zhang et al. 1995
†Probowmaniella lata Zhang et al. 1980
†Probowmaniella renhuaiensis Zhou 1974
G. †Proliostracus Poulson
+
†Proliostracus ampliatus Fritz 1991
†Proliostracus annosus Fritz 1972
†Proliostracus contractus Fritz 1972
†Proliostracus depressus Fritz 1972
†Proliostracus latus Fritz 1972
G. †Protohedinia Endo 1944
G. †Psilostracus Chang 1963
+
†Psilostracus banpoyangensis Zhang et al. 1995
†Psilostracus carinatus Lu et al. 1988
†Psilostracus changqingensis Lu et al. 1988
†Psilostracus impar Walcott 1905
†Psilostracus latus Lu et al. 1988
†Psilostracus mantoensis Walcott 1905
†Psilostracus maozhuangensis Lu et al. 1988
†Psilostracus shuiyuensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Psilostracus xiaoyuhougouensis Guo and An 1982
G. †Ptychoparella Poulson 1927
+
†Ptychoparella lloydi Robison and Babcock 2011
†Ptychoparella mettae Robison and Babcock 2011
†Ptychoparella minuta Yang et al. 1993
†Ptychoparella usualis Chien and Zhou 1974
Invalid names: Elrathina Resser 1937 [synonym], Syspacephalus Resser 1936 [synonym]
Subfm. †Ptychopariinae Matthew 1887
+
G. †Ptychoparia Corda 1847
+
†Ptychoparia anderseni Henningsmoen 1952
†Ptychoparia annectans Walcott 1884
†Ptychoparia annio Cobbold 1910
†Ptychoparia anytus Hall and Whitfield 1877
†Ptychoparia candace Walcott 1917
†Ptychoparia candace Walcott 1917
†Ptychoparia dubinka Kordule 2006
†Ptychoparia haguei Hall and Whitfield 1877
†Ptychoparia logani Devine 1863
†Ptychoparia nitidus Hall and Whitfield 1877
†Ptychoparia pylas Walcott 1917
†Ptychoparia striata Whitfield 1878
†Ptychoparia striatus Emmrich 1839
†Ptychoparia tuberosa Feniak 1952
†Ptychoparia unisulcatus Hall and Whitfield 1877
Invalid names: Agraulopsis Ruzicka 1940 [synonym]
G. †Ptychoparioides Rka 1940
+
†Ptychoparioides chlupaci Kordule 2006
†Ptychoparioides henkli Kordule 2006
G. †Qiaotouaspis Guo and An 1982
+
†Qiaotouaspis qiaotouensis Guo and An 1982
†Qiaotouaspis shandongensis Lu et al. 1988
G. †Reedus Dalmatov 1975
G. †Regius Egorova 1970
G. †Salankanaspis Egorova 1970
G. †Semisphaerocephalus Ivshin 1953
G. †Shantungaspis Chang 1957
+
†Shantungaspis aclis Walcott 1905
†Shantungaspis orientalis Endo and Resser 1937
G. †Spencia Resser 1939
+
†Spencia plena Resser 1939
†Spencia quadrata Fritz 1968
†Spencia typicalis Resser 1939
Invalid names: Stauroholcus Resser 1939 [synonym]
G. †Stoecklinia Wolfart 1974
G. †Townleyella Opik 1967
+
†Townleyella rara Yuan and Yin 1998
†Townleyella similis Yuan and Yin 1998
G. †Trigonyangaspis Jell and Adrain 2002
+
†Trigonyangaspis hujiaensis Yang et al. 1993
Invalid names: Trigonaspis Yang et al. 1993 [replaced]
G. †Ulrichaspis Rasetti 1945
G. †Vermontella Howel 1937
G. †Volocephalina Palmer and Halley 1979
+
†Volocephalina connexa Palmer and Halley 1979
†Volocephalina contracta Palmer and Halley 1979
†Volocephalina variosa Eddy and McCollum 1998
G. †Wanhuaia Yuan and Li 1999
+
†Wanhuaia granulosa Yuan and Li 1999
†Wanhuaia latilimbata Yuan and Li 1999
G. †Wuhaina Zhang and Yuan 1981
+
†Wuhaina henanensis Zhang et al. 1995
†Wuhaina longispina Zhang et al. 1995
†Wuhaina lubrica Zhang and Yuan 1981
Invalid names: Chishanheella Zhang et al. 1995 [synonym]
G. †Xingrenaspis Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Xingrenaspis brevicus Zhang et al. 1980
†Xingrenaspis curvus Zhou 1974
†Xingrenaspis hoboi Resser and Endo 1937
†Xingrenaspis jialaoensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Xingrenaspis parthiva Peng et al. 2009
†Xingrenaspis quadratus Zhang et al. 1980
†Xingrenaspis rectangularis Zhang et al. 1980
†Xingrenaspis shyamalae Peng et al. 2009
†Xingrenaspis xingrenensis Zhang et al. 1980
Invalid names: Danzhaina Zhang et al. 1980 [synonym], Wuxunaspis Zhang et al. 1980 [synonym]
G. †Yaojiayuella Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Yaojiayuella carinata Zhang and Wang 1985
†Yaojiayuella convexolimbata Lu et al. 1988
†Yaojiayuella diversa Zhang et al. 1980
†Yaojiayuella granosa Walcott 1911
†Yaojiayuella jinnanensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Yaojiayuella liaoningensis Guo and An 1982
†Yaojiayuella ocellata Zhang et al. 1980
†Yaojiayuella poshanensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Yaojiayuella zhangxiaensis Lu et al. 1988
G. †Yohoaspis Rasetti 1951
Invalid names: Syspacephalus redpathi Walcott 1891 [nomen dubium], Syspacephalus unca Walcott 1917 [nomen dubium]
Subor. †Ptychopariina Richter 1933
+
G. †Guizhoucephalina Chien 1961
Superfm. †Liostracinoidea Raymond 1937
+
Fm. †Liostracinidae Raymond 1937
+
G. †Doremataspis Opik 1967
G. †Liostracina Monke 1903
+
†Liostracina bella Lin et al. 1983
†Liostracina bilimbata Zhang 1983
†Liostracina fuluensis Yang et al. 2022
†Liostracina joyceae Smith et al. 2018
†Liostracina kaulbacki Shergold 2007
†Liostracina krausei Monke 1903
†Liostracina nolens Opik 1967
†Liostracina qingyangensis Qian and Qiu 1983
†Liostracina simesi Jago and Cooper 2005
†Liostracina suixiensis Bi 1983
†Liostracina tangwangzhaiensis Park et al. 2014
†Liostracina volens Opik 1967
G. †Lynaspis Opik 1967
Fm. †Luaspididae Zhang and Yuan 1981
+
Superfm. †Ptychopariacea Matthew 1887
+
G. †Eokochaspis Sundberg and McCollum 2000
+
†Eokochaspis cabinensis Sundberg and McCollum 2003
†Eokochaspis delamarensis Sundberg and McCollum 2000
†Eokochaspis longspina Sundberg and McCollum 2000
†Eokochaspis metalaspis Sundberg and McCollum 2000
†Eokochaspis nodosa Sundberg and McCollum 2000
†Eokochaspis piochensis Palmer and Halley 1979
G. †Hadrocephalites Sundberg and McCollum 2002
+
†Hadrocephalites carina Walcott 1917
†Hadrocephalites cecinna Walcott 1917
†Hadrocephalites convexus Rasetti 1951
†Hadrocephalites lyndonensis Sundberg and McCollum 2002
†Hadrocephalites rhytidodes Sundberg and McCollum 2002
Invalid names: Schistometopus Resser 1938 [nomen dubium]
G. †Kochina Resser 1935
+
†Kochina americana Walcott 1912
†Kochina bosworthensis Resser 1935
†Kochina macrops Rasetti 1951
G. †Mexicella Lochman 1948
+
†Mexicella antelopea Sundberg and McCollum 2000
†Mexicella grandoculus Palmer and Halley 1979
†Mexicella granulata Eddy and McCollum 1998
†Mexicella mexicana Lochman 1948
†Mexicella obscurus Palmer and Halley 1979
†Mexicella robusta Sundberg and McCollum 2000
†Mexicella stator Walcott 1916
Superfm. †Ptychoparioidea Matthew 1887
+
Fm. †Inouyiidae Chang 1963
+
G. †Huainania Qiu 1983
G. †Inouyia Walcott 1911
+
†Inouyia capax Walcott 1906
†Inouyia granulosa Hall and Whitfield 1877
†Inouyia simulator Hall and Whitfield 1877
G. †Jiulongshania Park et al. 2008
+
†Jiulongshania longa Park et al. 2008
†Jiulongshania longispina Zhu and Wittke 1989
†Jiulongshania rotundata Resser and Endo 1937
G. †Parainouyia Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Parainouyia fakelingensis Meng 1977
†Parainouyia lata Zhang et al. 1980
†Parainouyia prompta Zhang and Yuan 1981
G. †Pseudinouyia Zhang et al. 1995
+
†Pseudinouyia punctata Zhang et al. 1995
†Pseudinouyia transversa Zhang et al. 1995
G. †Kochaspis Resser 1935
+
†Kochaspis cooperi Lochman 1952
†Kochaspis gogensis Walcott 1917
†Kochaspis nevadensis Resser 1935
†Kochaspis unzia Walcott 1916
†Kochaspis upis Walcott 1916
Invalid names: Paleocrepicephalus Kobayashi 1935 [synonym]
G. †Tonopahella Sundberg and McCollum 2003
+
†Tonopahella goldfieldensis Sundberg and McCollum 2003
†Tonopahella walcotti Sundberg and McCollum 2000
G. †Yuknessaspis Rasetti 1951
+
†Yuknessaspis benningtonis Sundberg 1994
+
†Yuknessaspis benningtonis convexus Sundberg 1994
†Yuknessaspis benningtonis planus Sundberg 1994
†Yuknessaspis benningtonis benningtonis Sundberg 1994
Invalid names: Conocoryphacea Swinnerton 1915 [empty], Leiostegiacea Bradley 1925 [empty]
G. †Ptychoparoides Rka 1940
Fm. †Raymondinidae Clark 1924
+
G. †Celmus Angelin 1854
+
†Celmus michaelmus Adrain and Fortey 1997
Invalid names: Crotalurus Volborth 1858 [synonym], Ischyrophyma Whittington 1963 [synonym]
G. †Glaphurella Dean 1971
G. †Varanella Lochman and Hu 1962
Invalid names: Celmidae Jaanusson 1956 [invalid subgroup], Glaphuridae Hupé 1955 [invalid subgroup]
Fm. †Shumardiidae Lake 1907
+
G. †Changchowilla Waisfeld et al. 2001
G. †Koldinioidia Kobayashi 1931
+
†Koldinioidia orientalis Mansuy 1916
†Koldinioidia pustulosa Qiu 1984
†Koldinioidia typicalis Kobayashi 1931
Invalid names: Akoldinioidia Zhou and Zhang 1984 [synonym], Eoshumardia Hupe 1953 [synonym]
G. †Kweichowilla Zhang 1964
G. †Leoforteyia Waisfeld et al. 2001
G. †Liriamnica Shergold 1980
G. †Shumardia Billings 1862
+
Subg. †Shumardia (Conophrys) Callaway 1877
+
†Shumardia (Conophrys) nericiensis Wiman 1905
†Shumardia (Conophrys) salopiensis Callaway 1877
Subg. †Shumardia (Shumardia) Fortey and Owens 1987
+
†Shumardia (Shumardia) angulata Laurie and Shergold 1996
†Shumardia acuticaudata Fortey 1980
†Shumardia alata Robison and Pantoja-Alor 1968
†Shumardia ctenata Robison and Pantoja-Alor 1968
†Shumardia erquensis Kobayashi 1937
†Shumardia exopthalmus Ross and Barnes 1967
†Shumardia extensa Weir 1959
†Shumardia granulosa Billings 1862
†Shumardia lacrimosa Dean 1973
†Shumardia matchensis Legg 1976
†Shumardia minaretta Fortey 1980
†Shumardia phalloides Fortey 1980
†Shumardia sagittula Whittington 1965
†Shumardia tarimuensis Zhang 1981
G. †Shumardoella Pek and Vanek 1989
+
†Shumardoella bohemica Marek 1964
Invalid names: Shumardella Pribyl and Vanek 1980 [replaced]
G. †Shumardops Hupe 1955
G. †Tarimella Zhang 1979
+
†Tarimella bituberculata Zhang 1979
+
Invalid names: Yinganaspis subcylindrica Zhang 1981 [synonym], Yinganaspis yinganensis Zhang 1981 [synonym]
Invalid names: Yinganaspis Zhang 1981 [synonym]
Fm. †Solenopleuridae Angelin 1854
+
G. †Abakanopleura Sivov 1955
G. †Acanthometopus Lu and Qian 1983
Subfm. †Agraulinae Raymond 1913
+
G. †Aiaiaspis Nazarov 1973
G. †Aidarella Lermontova 1951
G. †Albansia Howell 1937
G. †Badulesia Sdzuy 1968
G. †Bigranulella Shaw and Clark 1968
G. †Catasolenopleura Qiu 1983
G. †Changqingia Lu and Zhu 1983
+
†Changqingia chalcon Walcott 1911
†Changqingia intermedia Walcott 1906
†Changqingia laevis Peng et al. 1995
†Changqingia luia Luo 2001
Invalid names: Austrosinia Zhang and Jell 1987 [synonym]
G. †Crusoia Walcott 1924
G. †Denaspis Repina 1973
G. †Eilura Resser and Endo 1935
+
†Eilura hanchengensis Luo 2001
†Eilura quadrata Resser and Endo 1937
G. †Ejinaspis Lu and Zhou 1986
G. †Hyperoparia Zhang 1983
G. †Kabuqiia Zhang 1987
G. †Karagandoides Ivshin 1962
G. †Keeleaspis Fritz 1972
+
†Keeleaspis pustula Fritz 1972
†Keeleaspis stupenda Fritz 1972
†Keeleaspis terhaari Hollingsworth 2005
G. †Levisia Walcott 1911
G. †Liosolenopleura Thoral 1947
G. †Lophodesella Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Lophodesella henanensis Zhang et al. 1995
†Lophodesella quadrata Zhang et al. 1980
†Lophodesella rectangula Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Maiaspis Chernysheva 1956
+
†Maiaspis blandita Rozova 1964
†Maiaspis mirabilis Chernysheva 1956
†Maiaspis quadrata Chernysheva 1956
G. †Manublesia Alvaro 1996
G. †Mataninella
G. †Menocephalites Kobayashi 1935
G. †Munija Khramova 1980
G. †Munijia
G. †Neosolenopleurella Ju 1983
G. †Nilegna Opik 1967
G. †Ninaspis Ivshin 1953
G. †Oreisator Geyer and Malinky 1997
+
†Oreisator tichkaensis Geyer and Malinky 1997
+
Invalid names: Strenuella spinosa Neltner 1938 [synonym]
G. †Paracrocephalites Poulsen 1954
G. †Parasolenopleura Westergard 1953
+
†Parasolenopleura aculeata Angelin 1951
†Parasolenopleura parabolica Geyer 2017
†Parasolenopleura peregrina Wallerius 1930
†Parasolenopleura wurmi Geyer 2017
G. †Perneraspis Prantl 1947
G. †Proavus Poletaeva 1972
G. †Pseudosolenoparia Zhou 1974
+
†Pseudosolenoparia angusta Zhang et al. 1980
†Pseudosolenoparia normalis Zhang et al. 1980
†Pseudosolenoparia yankongensis Zhou 1974
G. †Rimouskia Resser 1938
G. †Rina Poletaeva 1964
+
†Rina abdita Rozova 1964
†Rina celebrata Rozova 1964
†Rina postrema Rozova 1964
G. †Sao Barrande 1846
+
Invalid names: Acanthocnemis Hawle and Corda 1847 [synonym], Acanthogramma Hawle and Corda 1847 [synonym], Crithias Hawle and Corda 1847 [synonym]
G. †Shanghaiaspis Xu and Ju 1987
+
†Shanghaiaspis decipiens Xu and Ju 1987
†Shanghaiaspis latilimbatus Xu and Ju 1987
†Shanghaiaspis usualis Xu and Ju 1987
G. †Solenoparia Kobayashi 1935
+
Subg. †Solenoparia (Plesisolenoparia) Zhang et al. 1980
+
†Solenoparia (Plesisolenoparia) angustilimbata Lu et al. 1988
†Solenoparia (Plesisolenoparia) multisegmenta Zhang et al. 1980
†Solenoparia (Plesisolenoparia) primitia Zhang et al. 1980
†Solenoparia (Plesisolenoparia) ruichengensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Solenoparia (Plesisolenoparia) transversa Zhang et al. 1980
†Solenoparia (Plesisolenoparia) trapezoidalis Zhang et al. 1980
†Solenoparia agno Walcott 1905
†Solenoparia bisulcata Kobayashi 1961
†Solenoparia conica Yang et al. 1993
†Solenoparia jiangsuensis Lin et al. 1983
†Solenoparia miaohouensis Zhang et al. 1980
†Solenoparia minuta Lu and Chang 1974
†Solenoparia talingensis Dames 1883
G. †Solenoparops Chang 1963
+
†Solenoparops lata Zhang et al. 1995
†Solenoparops similis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Solenopleurella Poulson 1927
Subfm. †Solenopleurinae Angelin 1854
+
G. †Jincella Snajdr 1957
G. †Solenopleura Angelin 1854
+
†Solenopleura borealis Poulsen 1927
†Solenopleura bucculenta Grönwall 1902
†Solenopleura bullata Poulsen 1927
†Solenopleura gronwalli Poulsen 1927
†Solenopleura holometopa Angelin 1851
†Solenopleura pruina Palmer and Gatehouse 1972
†Solenopleura similis Poulsen 1927
G. †Solenopleuropsis Thoral 1947
G. †Usumunaspis Lazerenko 1962
G. †Yabeia Reswer and Endo 1935
G. †Svalbardites Fortey 1974
Fm. †Tricrepicephalidae Palmer 1954
+
G. †Erediaspis Opik 1967
G. †Meteoraspis Resser 1935
+
†Meteoraspis borealis Lochman 1938
†Meteoraspis metra Walcott 1890
†Meteoraspis mutica Rasetti 1961
†Meteoraspis orientalis Yuan and Yin 1998
Invalid names: Coleopachys Raymond 1937 [synonym]
G. †Tricrepicephalus Kobayashi 1935
+
†Tricrepicephalus asiaticus Yuan and Yin 1998
Invalid names: Paracrepicephalus Lochman 1936 [objective synonym]
G. †Xiangqianaspis Zhang et al. 1980
G. †Yuehsienszella Zhang 1963
Invalid names: Cliffiidae Hohensee and Stitt 1989 [empty], Harpina Whittington 1959 [empty], Solenopleuracea Angelin 1854 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Reference: Aberhan et al. 2004 | |||||
Collections (2686 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caerfai | USA (New York) | Rimouskia sp. (181) | |
| Early/Lower Cambrian | USA (Nevada) | Ptychoparioidea indet. (204007) | |
| Early/Lower Cambrian | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Keeleaspis pustula (156159) Keeleaspis pustula, Keeleaspis stupenda (156147 156150 156156 156157 156158) Keeleaspis stupenda (156143) Piaziella pia (156200) Poulsenia sp. (156175 156176) Proliostracus annosus, Proliostracus latus (156173) Proliostracus contractus (156171) Proliostracus depressus (156169) Syspacephalus vapidus, Piaziella rara (156202) Variopelta laevis (156174) | |
| Waucoban | Canada (British Columbia) | Proliostracus sp. (10864) | |
| Waucoban | Greenland | Inglefieldia porosa, Kochiella tuberculata, Kochiella gracilis (225266) | |
| Cambrian | USA (Georgia) | Armonia elongata, Coosella curticei, Elrathiella buttsi, Elrathia sp., Solenopleurella buttsi, Tricrepicephalus cedarensis, Coosia superba (164675) | |
| Cambrian | USA (Montana) | Plethometopus sp. (258) | |
| Cambrian | USA (Pennsylvania) | Buttsia drabensis (156659) | |
| Cambrian | USA (Wisconsin) | Conocephalites sp. (250) | |
| Cambrian | USA (South Dakota) | Blountia sp., Kingstonia sp., Coosella sp., Dresbachia sp., Meteoraspis sp., Tricrepicephalus sp., Pemphigaspis sp., Coosia sp., Uncaspis sp., Crepicephalus sp., Coosina sp. (231) | |
Youngest occurrences |
|||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | PBDB collection number |
| Katian | Russian Federation (Siberia) | Glaphurella sibirica (205628) | |
| Katian | Ireland | Shumardia extensa (162246) | |
| Eastonian - Onnian | Australia (New South Wales) | Shumardia sp. (2746) | |
| Kralodvorian | Italy (Sardinia) | Shumardia extensa (192914) Shumardia sp. (75890 185151) | |
| Pusgillian | China (Guizhou) | Kweichowilla sp. (7382) Shumardia sp. (4750) | |
| Hirnantian | Norway (Oslo-Asker Dist.) | Ptychopariida indet. (437) | |
| Llandovery | Canada (Quebec) | Harpida indet. (11418) | |
| Wenlock - Ludlow | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Solenopleura sp. (188855) | |
| Homerian | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Ptychopariida indet. (497) | |
| Gorstian | Australia (Australian Capital Territory) | Proetacea indet. (25682) | |