PBDB Taxon

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Cleonini

Insecta - Coleoptera - Curculionidae

Taxonomy

Cleonini was named by Schonherr (1826). It is extant.

It was reranked as the subfamily Cleoninae by Voss (1972).

It was assigned to Curculionidae by Voss (1972); and to Lixinae by Bouchard et al. (2011) and Legalov (2015).

Synonyms

Cleonus larinoides was named by Heer (1847). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Oeningen (Carlsruhe collection), which is in a Sarmatian crater lake limestone in the Upper Freshwater-Molasse Formation of Germany.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Legalov (2015).
Cleonus deucalionis was named by Heer (1847). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Oeningen (Carlsruhe collection), which is in a Sarmatian crater lake limestone in the Upper Freshwater-Molasse Formation of Germany.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Legalov (2015).
Cleonus leucosiae was named by Heer (1847). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Oeningen (unspecified collection), which is in a Sarmatian crater lake limestone in the Upper Freshwater-Molasse Formation of Germany.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Legalov (2015).
Cleonus pyrrhae was named by Heer (1847). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Oeningen (Carlsruhe collection), which is in a Sarmatian crater lake limestone in the Upper Freshwater-Molasse Formation of Germany.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Legalov (2015).
Cleonus estriatus was named by Wickham (1912). Its type specimen is AMNH, an exoskeleton, and it is an impression. Its type locality is Florissant, Station 14, which is in a Chadronian lacustrine - large shale in the Florissant Formation of Colorado.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Legalov (2015).
Cleonus rohweri was named by Wickham (1911). It is an impression. Its type locality is Florissant, Station 14, which is in a Chadronian lacustrine - large shale in the Florissant Formation of Colorado.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Legalov (2015).
Cleonus primoris was named by Scudder (1893). It is an impression. Its type locality is Florissant (former Princeton collection), which is in an Eocene lacustrine - large shale/volcaniclastic in the Florissant Formation of Colorado.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Legalov (2015).
Cleonus degeneratus was named by Scudder (1893). It is an impression. Its type locality is Florissant (MCZ Collection), which is in a Chadronian lacustrine - large shale in the Florissant Formation of Colorado.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Legalov (2015).
Cleonus foersteri was named by Scudder (1893). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Kleinkembs, which is in a Rupelian lacustrine - large marl/limestone in the Salt Formation of Germany.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Legalov (2015).
Cleonus arvernensis was named by Oustalet (1870). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Corent (MNHN collection), which is in a Rupelian lacustrine - large marl in France.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Legalov (2015).
Cleonus fouilhouxii was named by Oustalet (1870). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Corent (Fouilhoux collection), which is in a Rupelian lacustrine - large marl in France.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Legalov (2015).
Cleonus speciosus was named by Heer (1864). It is a compression fossil. Its type locality is Oeningen (Zurich collection), which is in a Sarmatian crater lake limestone in the Upper Freshwater-Molasse Formation of Germany.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Legalov (2015).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1826	Cleonini Schonherr
1847	Cleonus larinoides Heer p. 183 figs. Pl 6, fig 15
1847	Cleonus deucalionis Heer p. 187 figs. Pl 6, fig 12
1847	Cleonus leucosiae Heer p. 188
1847	Cleonus pyrrhae Heer p. 189 figs. Pl 6, fig 13
1856	Cleonus leucosiae Heer p. 20
1864	Cleonus speciosus Heer p. 374 fig. 249
1870	Cleonus arvernensis Oustalet p. 67 figs. Pl 1, figs 5,6
1870	Cleonus fouilhouxii Oustalet p. 68 figs. Pl 1, fig 7
1874	Cleonus leucosiae Oustalet p. 254
1893	Cleonus foersteri Scudder p. 97 figs. Pl 11, fig 4
1893	Cleonus primoris Scudder p. 97 figs. Pl 11, fig 7
1893	Cleonus degeneratus Scudder p. 98 figs. Pl 11, fig 22
1911	Cleonus rohweri Wickham p. 66
1912	Cleonus estriatus Wickham p. 47 figs. Pl. II, Fig. 3
1912	Cleonus rohweri Wickham p. 47 figs. Pl 1, fig 4
1912	Cleonus degeneratus Wickham p. 48
1912	Cleonus primoris Wickham p. 48
1913	Cleonus foersteri Wickham p. 301
1972	Cleoninae Voss p. 176
2011	Cleonini Bouchard et al. p. 620
2015	Cleonini Legalov p. 1496

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
class	Insecta
—	Dicondylia
—	Paranotalia
subclass	Pterygota	()
—	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
—	Holometabola

Rank	Name	Author
—	Aparaglossata
—	Neuropteriformia
—	Coleopterida
order	Coleoptera
—	Mesocoleoptera
—	Metacoleoptera
suborder	Polyphaga	Emery 1886
infraorder	Cucujiformia	Lameere 1938
—	Phytophaga
superfamily	Curculionoidea
family	Curculionidae	()
subfamily	Lixinae	Schonherr 1823
tribe	Cleonini	Schonherr 1826
tribe	Cleonini	Schonherr 1826

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Tr. Cleonini Schonherr 1826

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G. Atactogaster Faust 1904

†Atactogaster granulata Hong 1984

†Atactogaster shanwangensis Hong 1985

Invalid names: Sinocurculia Hong 1984 [synonym]

G. †Cleonolithus Bassi 1841

†Cleonolithus antiquus Bassi 1841

G. Cleonus Schonherr 1826

†Cleonus exterraneus Scudder 1893

†Cleonus pygmaeus Oustalet 1874

G. Coniocleonus Motschulsky 1860

Coniocleonus astragali Ter-Minasian and Korotyaev 1977

Coniocleonus cinerascens Hochhuth 1851

Coniocleonus ferrugineus Fahraeus 1842

G. †Eocleonus Scudder 1893

†Eocleonus subjectus Scudder 1893

G. †Pliocleonus Gersdorf 1976

†Pliocleonus gibbosus Gersdorf 1976

G. Scaphomorphus Motschulsky 1860

Invalid names: Cleonidius Casey 1891 [synonym]

G. Stephanocleonus Motschulsky 1860

Stephanocleonus eruditus Faust 1890

Stephanocleonus fossulatus Fischer de Waldheim 1823

Stephanocleonus foveifrons Chevrolat 1873

Stephanocleonus incertus Ter-Minasian 1972

Stephanocleonus nassiformis Goeze 1777

Invalid names: Stephanocleonus flaviceps Pallas 1781 [synonym]

Invalid names: Cleonus arvernensis Oustalet 1870 [nomen dubium], Cleonus degeneratus Scudder 1893 [nomen dubium], Cleonus deucalionis Heer 1847 [nomen dubium], Cleonus estriatus Wickham 1912 [nomen dubium], Cleonus foersteri Scudder 1893 [nomen dubium], Cleonus fouilhouxii Oustalet 1870 [nomen dubium], Cleonus larinoides Heer 1847 [nomen dubium], Cleonus leucosiae Heer 1847 [nomen dubium], Cleonus primoris Scudder 1893 [nomen dubium], Cleonus pyrrhae Heer 1847 [nomen dubium], Cleonus rohweri Wickham 1911 [nomen dubium], Cleonus speciosus Heer 1864 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

chitinc

Environment:

terrestrialc

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Modified:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Eocene to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 37.20000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma

Collections (67 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Cleonus degeneratus, Eocleonus subjectus, Cleonus exterraneus (106384) Cleonus estriatus, Cleonus rohweri, Cleonus primoris, Cleonus degeneratus (106381) Cleonus exterraneus, Cleonus foersteri (124624) Cleonus foersteri (152139)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Cleonus primoris (122093)
Rupelian	33.9 - 28.1	France (Auvergne)	Cleonus arvernensis (127630) Cleonus fouilhouxii (152487)
Rupelian	33.9 - 28.1	Germany	Cleonus sp. (122407)
Late/Upper Oligocene	28.4 - 23.03	France (Puy-de-Dome)	Cleonus sp. (155205)
Chattian	28.1 - 23.03	France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)	Cleonus pygmaeus (122487)
Chattian	28.1 - 23.03	France (Bouches-Du-Rhone)	Cleonus leucosiae (122876 122877) Cleonus sp. (153412)
Burdigalian	20.44 - 15.97	China (Shandong)	Sinocurculia shanwangensis (130412) Sinocurculia shanwangensis, Sinocurculia granulata (128550)
Sarmatian	12.7 - 11.608	Germany (Baden-Württemberg)	Cleonus larinoides (122210) Cleonus larinoides, Cleonus deucalionis, Cleonus pyrrhae (115305) Cleonus leucosiae (113695) Cleonus speciosus (117252)
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	Italy	Cleonolithus antiquus (156579)
Early/Lower Pliocene	5.333 - 3.6	Russian Federation	Cleonini indet. (153127)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (Texas)	Cleonus ritablancaensis, Cleonus channingensis (154909)
Piacenzian	3.6 - 2.588	Germany (Niedersachsen)	Pliocleonus gibbosus (109196)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.588 - 0.781	Russian Federation	Coniocleonus ferrugineus, Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus incertus (163069) Coniocleonus sp., Stephanocleonus sp., Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus incertus (163089)
Chibanian	0.774 - 0.129	Russian Federation	Coniocleonus ferrugineus, Stephanocleonus eruditus (163099) Coniocleonus ferrugineus, Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons (163090) Coniocleonus ferrugineus, Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons, Stephanocleonus fossulatus (163091) Coniocleonus ferrugineus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons, Stephanocleonus fossulatus (163092) Stephanocleonus eruditus (163100) Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons, Stephanocleonus flavipes (163098) Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons, Stephanocleonus fossulatus (163096 163097) Stephanocleonus foveifrons (163093) Stephanocleonus foveifrons, Stephanocleonus fossulatus (163095)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Russian Federation	Cleonini indet. (173201) Coniocleonus ferrugineus, Stephanocleonus eruditus (153441 163103 163104 163108 163109 163110) Coniocleonus ferrugineus, Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus fossulatus (153446) Coniocleonus ferrugineus, Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons, Stephanocleonus fossulatus (153439) Coniocleonus ferrugineus, Stephanocleonus fossulatus (163102) Coniocleonus ferrugineus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons, Stephanocleonus fossulatus (163105) Coniocleonus sp. (153445) Coniocleonus sp., Coniocleonus astragali, Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus fossulatus (153443) Coniocleonus sp., Coniocleonus ferrugineus, Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons (153438) Coniocleonus sp., Coniocleonus ferrugineus, Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons, Coniocleonus cinerascens (173211) Coniocleonus sp., Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons, Stephanocleonus fossulatus (153440 173210) Coniocleonus sp., Stephanocleonus foveifrons (173208) Stephanocleonus eruditus (153442 163106 173212 173213 173214 173215) Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus fossulatus (153444) Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons (153435 153436 153437) Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons, Coniocleonus cinerascens (173216) Stephanocleonus eruditus, Stephanocleonus foveifrons, Stephanocleonus fossulatus (163101) Stephanocleonus fossulatus (173209)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Ukraine	Coniocleonus ferrugineus (153476)