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Taxonomy
Proetus was named by Steininger (1831) [Sepkoski's age data: O (Cara-m) S (Prid)]. Its type is Calymmene concinna.
It was assigned to Dasypodidae by Carroll (1988); to Proetidae by Warburg (1925), Begg (1950), Chatterton and Perry (1977) and Jell and Adrain (2002); to Proetida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Proetinae by Hahn et al. (2013) and Bault et al. (2021).
It was assigned to Dasypodidae by Carroll (1988); to Proetidae by Warburg (1925), Begg (1950), Chatterton and Perry (1977) and Jell and Adrain (2002); to Proetida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Proetinae by Hahn et al. (2013) and Bault et al. (2021).
Species
Falcatoproetus falcatus, P. (Astroproetus), P. (Clypoproetus), P. (Crassiproetus), P. (Devonoproetus), P. (Gerastos), P. (Megaproetus), P. (Neoproetus), P. (Piriproetus), P. (Pribylia), P. (Proetus), P. (Tropidocoryphe), P. (Warburgaspis), P. alaricus, P. astringens, P. blandi, P. canalis, P. chambliensis, P. clelandi, P. concinnus, P. conspersus, P. desertus, P. fardenensis, P. foculus, P. frechi, P. kopaninensis, P. kuressaarensis, P. latifrons, P. lecointrei, P. lindoei, P. manitobensis, P. marginalis, P. micropygus, P. morinensis, P. namanensis, P. nemus, P. nieszkowskii, P. pluteus, P. regalus, P. romanicus, P. scalicus, P. signatus, P. subcarintiacus, P. subtriangularis, P. vescus, P. volcovcyanus, P. zhusilengensis
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1831 | Proetus Steininger p. 355 figs. Plate XXI, Fig. 6 |
| 1843 | Aeonia Burmeister |
| 1846 | Forbesia M'Coy p. 49 |
| 1918 | Proetus (Euproetus) Richter and Richter |
| 1925 | Proetus Warburg |
| 1950 | Proetus Begg p. 285 |
| 1977 | Proetus Chatterton and Perry p. 777 |
| 1988 | Proetus Carroll |
| 1990 | Falcatoproetus Lutke |
| 1994 | Falcatoproetus Lieberman pp. 22 - 24 |
| 2002 | Proetus Jell and Adrain p. 430 |
| 2002 | Falcatoproetus Sepkoski |
| 2002 | Proetus Sepkoski |
| 2013 | Proetus Hahn et al. |
| 2021 | Proetus Bault et al. pp. Appendix 7 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Proetus Steininger 1831
show all | hide all
Subg. †Proetus (Clypoproetus) Begg 1939
Subg. †Proetus (Crassiproetus) Stumm 1953
Subg. †Proetus (Devonoproetus) Lutke 1990
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†Proetus (Devonoproetus) latimargo Feist and Talent 2000
†Proetus (Devonoproetus) sparsinodosus Feist and Talent 2000
†Proetus (Devonoproetus) talenti Chatterton 1971
Subg. †Proetus (Gerastos) Goldfuss 1843
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†Proetus (Gerastos) vietnamensis Kobayashi and Hamada 1974
Subg. †Proetus (Megaproetus) Jell 1977
Subg. †Proetus (Neoproetus) Tesch 1923
Subg. †Proetus (Piriproetus) Erben 1952
Subg. †Proetus (Pribylia) Erben 1951
Subg. †Proetus (Proetus) Steininger 1931
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†Proetus (Proetus) concinnus Dalman 1827
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Invalid names: Proetus (Proetus) fletcheri Salter 1854 [synonym]
†Proetus (Proetus) condensus Pribyl 1965
†Proetus (Proetus) ovalis Alberti 1969
†Proetus (Proetus) prox Richter and Richter 1956
Subg. †Proetus (Tropidocoryphe) Novak 1890
Subg. †Proetus (Warburgaspis) Pribyl 1946
†Proetus alaricus Billings 1860
†Proetus astringens Owens 1973
†Proetus blandi Cooper 1953
†Proetus canalis Bradley 1930
†Proetus chambliensis Foerste 1914
†Proetus clelandi Raymond 1905
†Proetus concinnus Dalman 1827
†Proetus conspersus Angelin 1855
†Proetus desertus Zhou et al. 2000
†Proetus fardenensis Begg 1950
†Proetus foculus Campbell 1967
†Proetus frechi Novak 1890
†Proetus kopaninensis Snajdr 1980
†Proetus kuressaarensis Männil 1981
†Proetus latifrons M'Coy 1846
†Proetus lecointrei Alberti 1969
†Proetus lindoei Chatterton and Ludvigsen 2004
†Proetus manitobensis McCammon 1960
†Proetus marginalis Conrad 1839
†Proetus micropygus Hawle and Corda 1847
†Proetus morinensis Pribyl 1946
†Proetus namanensis Mansuy 1916
†Proetus nemus Chatterton 1971
†Proetus nieszkowskii Männil 1981
†Proetus pluteus Whittington and Campbell 1967
†Proetus regalus Poulsen 1943
†Proetus romanicus von Gaernter 1930
†Proetus scalicus Balashova 1968
†Proetus scalicus rashkoviensis Konstantyneno 1998
†Proetus signatus Lindström 1885
†Proetus subcarintiacus Richter 1913
†Proetus subtriangularis Begg 1950
†Proetus vescus Zhou et al. 2000
†Proetus volcovcyanus Balashova 1968
†Proetus zhusilengensis Zhou et al. 2000
Invalid names: Aeonia Burmeister 1843 [objective synonym], Euproetus Richter and Richter 1918 [objective synonym], Falcatoproetus Lutke 1990 [synonym], Forbesia M'Coy 1846 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, f = family, o = order, c = class | |||||
| References: Fortey and Owens 1999, Harrington et al. 1959, Aberhan et al. 2004, Hendy 2009 | |||||
Age range: base of the Marshbrookian to the top of the Chadian or 455.00000 to 340.00000 Ma
Collections (214 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caradoc | Canada (Quebec) | P. chambliensis (77222) | |
| Shermanian | USA (Illinois) | P. canalis (154952) | |
| Trentonian | USA (Missouri) | P. canalis (89024) | |
| Marshbrookian | China (ShanXi) | P. sp. (7883) | |
| Actonian - Onnian | Sweden | P. sp. (2771) | |
| Keila - Oandu | Sweden (Dalarne) | P. sp. (73411) | |
| Chatfieldian | Canada (Ontario) | P. sp. (26263) | |
| Chatfieldian | USA (Kentucky) | P. sp. (34561) | |
| Katian | Russian Federation (Siberia) | P. sp. (9311) | |
| Katian | Sweden (Dalarna) | P. sp. (124939) | |
Youngest occurrences |
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| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | PBDB collection number |
| Frasnian | USA (Montana) | P. sp. (632) | |
| Frasnian | USA (Idaho) | P. sp. (668) | |
| Frasnian | Colombia (Boyaca) | P. sp. (36012) | |
| Frasnian | Spain | P. sp. (27618 27714) | |
| Frasnian | Canada (Manitoba) | P. manitobensis (6726) | |
| Late/Upper Givetian | Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) | P. sp. (75584) | |
| Early/Lower Mississippian | USA (California) | P. n. sp. (229423) P. sp. (226746) | |
| Tournaisian | USA (Iowa) | P. sp. (3309 3339) | |
| Mississippian | USA (Alaska) | P. sp. (112174 112175) | |
| Chadian | USA (Kentucky) | P. sp. (2641 2642 2690) | |