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Chromalveolata

Taxonomy
Chromalveolata is an unranked clade. It is extant.

It was assigned to Eukaryota by Adl et al. (2005).

Subtaxa
Alveolata, Cryptophycae, Haptophyta
Sister taxa
Alveolata, Cryptophycae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2005Chromalveolata Adl et al. p. 401 figs. Table 1

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RankNameAuthor
—Life
—Eukaryota()
RankNameAuthor
—Chromalveolata
—Chromalveolata

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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+
Unr. Myzozoa Cavalier-Smith and Chao 2004
+
G. †Amphidiadema Cookson and Eisenack 1960
+
†Amphidiadema denticulata Cookson and Eisenack 1960
†Amphidiadema rectangularis Lentin and Williams 1976
Subph. †Dinozoa
+
+
G. †Acanthaulax Sarjeant 1968
G. †Aldorfia Stover and Evitt 1978
G. †Apectodinium Lentin and Williams 1981
G. †Biechelerella Deflandre 1948
G. †Bulbodinium Wetzel 1960
G. †Calciodinellum Deflandre 1947
G. †Callaiosphaeridium Davey and Williams 1966
G. †Canninginopsis Cookson and Eisenack 1962
G. †Chonesphaera Klumpp 1953
G. †Crussolia Wolfard and Van Erve 1981
Cl. Dinophyceae Fritsch and West 1927
G. †Disphaerogena Wetzel 1933
G. †Dracodinium Gocht 1955
G. †Dubridinium Reid 1977
G. †Emslandia Gerlach 1961
G. †Evittodinium Deflandre 1964
G. Filisphaera Bujak 1984
G. †Glyphanodinium Drugg 1964
G. Haplohermesinum Hovasse 1943
G. †Korystocysta Woollam 1983
G. †Lejeunia Gerlach 1961
G. †Palambages Wetzel 1961
G. †Palynodinium Gocht 1970
G. †Paraevansia Below 1990
G. †Paralecaniella Cookson 1970
G. †Pentadinium Gerlach 1961
G. †Phallocysta Below 1987
G. †Pluriarvalium Sarjeant 1962
G. †Polysphaeridium Davey and Williams 1966
G. †Rhombodinium Gocht 1955
G. †Schematophora Deflandre and Cookson 1955
G. Scrippsiella Balech 1959
G. †Spongodinium Deflandre 1936
G. †Svalbardella Manum 1960
G. Tubidermodinium Morgenroth 1966
G. Turbiosphaera Archangelsky 1969
Invalid names: Miozoa [empty]
Ph. Haptophyta Hibberd ex Cavalier-Smith 1986 [haptophyte alga]
+
G. Aspidorhabdus Hay and Towe 1962
G. †Camuralithus de Kaenel and Villa 1996
Cl. Coccolithophyceae Rothmaler 1951
+
G. †Athenagalea Hattner and Wise 1980
G. †Biantholithus Bramlette and Martini 1964
Or. Braarudosphaerales Aubry 2013
+
Fm. †Polycyclolithaceae Forchheimer 1972
+
G. †Assipetra Roth 1973
G. †Eprolithus Stover 1966
+
Invalid names: Polycyclolilthus Forchheimer 1968 [synonym]
G. †Farhania Varol 1992
G. †Hayesites Manivit 1971
G. †Hexalithus Gardet 1955
G. †Lithastrinus Stradner 1962
G. †Micula Vekshina 1959 [coccolithophore]
+
Invalid names: Nannotetraster Martini and Stradner 1960 [synonym]
G. †Polycostella Thierstein 1971
G. †Quadrum Prins and Perch-Nielsen 1977
G. †Radiolithus Stover 1966
G. †Rucinolithus Stover 1966
G. †Tegulalithus Crux 1986
G. †Uniplanarius Hattner and Wise 1980
Fm. Ceratolithaceae Norris 1965
+
G. Amaurolithus Gartner and Bukry 1975
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Amaurolithus primus Bukry and Percival 1971
G. Angulolithina Bukry 1973
G. Ceratolithus Kamptner 1950
G. Florisphaera Okada and Honjo 1973
G. †Nicklithus Raffi et al. 1998
+
Nicklithus amplificus Bukry and Percival 1971
G. †Orthorhabdus Bramlette and Wilcoxon 1967
Or. †Coccolithales Schwarz 1932
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Fm. Coccolithaceae Poche 1913
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G. †Bicolumnus Wei and Wise 1990
G. †Birkelundia Perch-Nielsen 1971
G. †Bramletteius Gartner 1969
G. †Campylosphaera Kamptner 1963
G. †Chiasmolithus Hay et al. 1966
G. †Clausicoccus Prins 1979
G. Coronocyclus Hay et al. 1966
G. †Ericsonia Black 1964
G. †Gephyrorhabdus Hill 1976
G. †Holodiscolithus Roth 1970
G. †Hughesius Varol 1989
G. †Praeprinsius Varol and Jakubowski 1989
G. †Solidopons Theodoridis 1984
Invalid names: Hymenomonadaceae Senn 1900 [empty], Pleurochrysidaceae Fresnel and Billard 1991 [empty]
G. †Daktylethra Gartner and Bukry 1969
Or. †Discoasterales Hay 1977
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Fm. †Fasciculithaceae Hay and Mohler 1967
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G. †Fasciculithus Bramlette and Sullivan 1961
G. †Lithoptychius Aubry 2011
Fm. †Heliolithaceae Hay and Mohler 1967
+
G. †Bomolithus Roth 1973
G. †Heliolithus Bramlette and Sullivan 1961
Invalid names: Discoasteraceae Tan Sin Hok 1927 [empty]
Fm. †Ellipsagelosphaeraceae Noël 1965
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Subfm. †Actinosphaeroideae Noël 1965
+
G. †Calolithus Noël 1965
G. †Ellipsolithus Sullivan 1964
G. Gladiolithus Jordan and Chamberlain 1992
G. †Ilselithina Stradner and Adamiker 1966
Or. Isochrysidales Pascher 1910
+
Fm. Gephyrocapsaceae Heimdal 1997
+
G. Crenalithus Roth 1973
Fm. Noelaerhabdaceae Jerkovic 1970
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G. Apertapetra Hay et al. 1966
G. Cepekiella Roth 1970
G. †Cribrocentrum Perch-Nielsen 1971
G. Dictyococcites Black 1967
G. Emiliania Hay and Mohler 1967
G. Gephyrocapsa Kamptner 1943
G. †Pseudoemiliania Gartner 1969
Fm. †Prinsiaceae Hay and Mohler 1967
+
G. †Futyania Varol 1989
G. †Girgisia Varol 1989
G. Hornibrookina Edwards 1973
G. †Neobiscutum Varol 1989
G. †Prinsius Hay and Mohler 1967
Invalid names: Isochrysidaceae Pascher 1910 [empty]
G. †Lanternithus Stradner 1962
+
†Lanternithus minutus Stradner 1962
G. †Minylitha Bukry 1973
G. Neosphaera Lecal-Schlauder 1949
G. †Pedinocyclus Bukry and Bramlette 1971
Fm. †Rhomboasteraceae Bown 2005
+
G. †Rhomboaster Bramlette and Sullivan 1961
G. †Tribrachiatus Shamrai 1963
G. Tetralithoides Theodoridis 1984
G. †Transversopontis Hay et al. 1966
Or. Zygodiscales Young and Bown 1997
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Fm. Pontosphaeraceae Lemmermann 1908
+
G. Calciopilleus Müller 1974
G. Scyphosphaera Lohmann 1902
Fm. Zygodiscaceae Hay and Mohler 1967
+
G. †Isthmolithus Deflandre and Fert 1954
G. †Lophodolithus Deflandre and Fert 1954
G. †Nannotetrina Achuthan and Stradner 1969
G. †Neococcolithes Sujkowski 1931
G. †Zygodiscus Bramlette and Sullivan 1961
Invalid names: Helicosphaeraceae Black 1971 [empty]
Invalid names: Phaeocystales Medlin 2000 [empty], Prymnesiales Papenfuss 1955 [empty], Prymnesiophyceae Hibberd 1976 [synonym]
G. Conococcolithus Hay and Mohler 1967
G. Corannulus Stradner 1962
G. Craspedolithus Kamptner 1963
G. Crassapontosphaera Boudreaux and Hay 1969
G. †Crassidiscus Okada 1990
G. †Cricosphaera Braarud 1960
G. Cyclolithella Loeblich and Tappan 1963
G. †Cycloperfolithus Lehotayova and Priewalder 1978
+
G. †Agalmatoaster Klumpp 1953
+
G. †Trochoaster Klumpp 1953
+
†Trochoaster simplex Klumpp 1953
G. †Duplexipodorhabdus Varol and Girgis 1994
G. Ellipsodiscoaster Boudreaux and Hay 1969
G. †Helicosphaera Kamptner 1954
+
†Helicosphaera carteri Wallich 1877
†Helicosphaera lophota Bramlette and Sullivan 1961
†Helicosphaera neolophota Barron et al. 1984
†Helicosphaera stalis Theodoridis 1984
Invalid names: Helicopontosphaera Hay and Mohler 1967 [synonym]
G. Heliorthus Brönnimann and Stradner 1960
+
†Heliorthus tenuis Stradner 1961
G. Koczyia Boudreaux and Hay 1969
G. Leptodiscus Bukry and Bramlette 1969
Fm. Lithostromationaceae Deflandre 1959
+
G. Imperiaster Martini 1970
G. Lithostromation Deflandre 1942
G. Nannocorbis Müller 1974
G. Orthozygus Bramlette and Wilcoxon 1967
G. †Pervilithus Crux 1981
G. †Phanulithus Wise and Wind 1977
G. Pyrocyclus Hay and Towe 1962
G. Reticulofenestra Hay et al. 1966
+
†Reticulofenestra dictyoda Stradner 1968
†Reticulofenestra reticulata Roth and Thierstein 1972
†Reticulofenestra rotaria Theodoridis 1984
†Reticulofenestra scrippsae Bukry and Percival 1973
G. Rhabdolithina Reinhardt 1967
G. Sphenaster Wilcoxon 1970
G. Striatococcolithus Bukry 1971
G. †Syracosphaera Lohmann 1902
+
†Syracosphaera heimii Lohmann 1919
Syracosphaera mediterranea Gaarder and Heirndal 1977
G. Umbilicosphaera Lohmann 1902
+
†Umbilicosphaera jafari Muller 1974
Invalid names: Geminilithella Backman 1980 [synonym]
G. Vermiculithina Bukry and Percival 1971
G. Wiseorhabdus Bukry 1981
Invalid names: Cryptophycae [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Tremadoc to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 486.50000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 485.4 Ma

Collections (1156 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Cambrian538.8 - 485.4Finland (Soderfjarden) Multiplicisphaeridium sp., Vulcanisphaera sp., Hystrichosphaeridium sp. (41196)
Tremadoc486.5 - 477.7Spain (Zaragoza) Cymatiogalea sp. (21074 21076) Cymatiogalea sp., Vulcanisphaera sp. (21073)
Hunneberg481.1 - 474.8Russian Federation (St. Petersburg) Cymatiogalea deunfii (191302)
Arenig478.6 - 466.0Spain (Zaragoza) Cymatiogalea sp. (21075)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.7Canada (Quebec) Multiplicisphaeridium bifurcatum, Multiplicisphaeridium irregulare (56000)
Gamachian449.5 - 443.7Canada (Québec) Multiplicisphaeridium denticulatum, Multiplicisphaeridium ravum, Multiplicisphaeridium birminghamensis, Multiplicisphaeridium sp. (24577) Multiplicisphaeridium sp. (24576)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian443.4 - 438.5Norway Multiplicisphaeridium cladum (2911 2912 2913) Multiplicisphaeridium irregulare, Multiplicisphaeridium cladum (2914)
Alexandrian443.4 - 436.0Canada (Québec) Multiplicisphaeridium arbusculiferum, Multiplicisphaeridium paraguaferum, Multiplicisphaeridium fermosum, Multiplicisphaeridium neahgae (24582) Multiplicisphaeridium lobeznum (24581) Multiplicisphaeridium visbyense (24579)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0Russian Federation (Siberia) Multiplicisphaeridium bonitum (206346)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8France (Finistere) Polyedryxium simplex (6162)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9USA (Ohio) Multiplicisphaeridium anastomosis, Multiplicisphaeridium verrucarum (23340)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7USA (Missouri) Leptodiscus corrugatus (6027 6029)
Permian298.9 - 251.902Germany Polyedryxium kraeuselianum, Polyedryxium sp. (23827)
Leonardian - Zechstein286.0 - 254.14Canada (Alberta) Palaeoperidinium sp. (31477)
Changhsingian254.17 - 252.17Germany Hystrichosphaeridea indet. (23705)
Griesbachian - Anisian251.902 - 242.0Canada (Alberta) Multiplicisphaeridium deunffii, Palaeoperidinium sp. (31478)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Netherlands Rhaetogonyaulax sp. (137658)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3France (Lorraine) Rhaetogonyaulax rhaetica (36106)
Middle Hettangian - Late/Upper Hettangian201.3 - 196.5Canada (Alberta) Crepidolithus crassus, Tubirhabdus patulus, Mitrolithus elegans, Mitrolithus jansae, Parhabdolithus liasicus, Crucirhabdus primulus (197630)
Hettangian - Sinemurian201.3 - 190.8Austria Schizosphaerella punctulata (38056 38057 38058 38059)