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Pholidotamorpha

Mammalia

Taxonomy
Pholidotamorpha was named by Gaudin et al. (2009).

It was assigned to Ferae by Kondrashov and Agadjanian (2012).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2009Pholidotamorpha Gaudin et al.
2012Pholidotamorpha Kondrashov and Agadjanian

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
suborderEupelycosauria
—Therapsida()
RankNameAuthor
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—PholidotamorphaGaudin et al. 2009
—PholidotamorphaGaudin et al. 2009

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Pholidotamorpha Gaudin et al. 2009
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Subor. †Palaeanodonta Matthew 1918
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G. †Amelotabes Rose 1978
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†Amelotabes simpsoni Rose 1978
G. †Arcticanodon Rose et al. 2004
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†Arcticanodon dawsonae Rose et al. 2004
Fm. †Epoicotheriidae Simpson 1927
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G. †Alocodontulum Rose et al. 1978
G. †Auroratherium Tong and Wang 1997
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†Auroratherium sinense Tong and Wang 1997
G. †Dipassalus Rose et al. 1991
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†Dipassalus oryctes Rose et al. 1991
G. †Epoicotherium Simpson 1927
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†Epoicotherium unicum Douglass 1905
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Invalid names: Pseudochrysochloris yoderensis Turnbull and Reed 1967 [synonym]
Invalid names: Pseudochrysochloris Turnbull and Reed 1967 [synonym], Xenotherium Douglass 1905 [replaced]
G. †Tetrapassalus Simpson 1959
+
†Tetrapassalus mckennai Simpson 1959
†Tetrapassalus proius West 1973
G. †Tubulodon Jepsen 1932
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†Tubulodon atopum Rose et al. 1978
†Tubulodon pearcei Gazin 1952
†Tubulodon taylori Jepsen 1932
†Tubulodon woodi Guthrie 1967
Invalid names: Alocodon Rose et al. 1977 [synonym], Pentapassalus Gazin 1952 [synonym]
G. †Xenocranium Colbert 1942
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†Xenocranium pileorivale Colbert 1942
G. †Ernanodon Ding 1979
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†Ernanodon antelios Ding 1979
Fm. †Escavadodontidae Rose and Lucas 2000
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G. †Escavadodon Rose and Lucas 2000
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†Escavadodon zygus Rose and Lucas 2000
G. †Melaniella Fox 1984
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†Melaniella timosa Fox 1984
Fm. †Metacheiromyidae Wortman 1903
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G. †Brachianodon Gunnell and Gingerich 1993
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†Brachianodon westorum Gunnell and Gingerich 1993
G. †Metacheiromys Wortman 1903
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†Metacheiromys dasypus Osborn 1904
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Invalid names: Metacheiromys osborni Simpson 1931 [synonym]
†Metacheiromys marshi Wortman 1903
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Invalid names: Metacheiromys tatusia Osborn 1904 [synonym]
G. †Mylanodon Secord et al. 2002
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†Mylanodon rosei Secord et al. 2002
G. †Palaeanodon Matthew 1918
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†Palaeanodon ignavus Matthew 1918
†Palaeanodon nievelti Gingerich 1989
†Palaeanodon parvulus Matthew 1918
G. †Propalaeanodon Rose 1979
+
Or. Pholidota Weber 1904 [pangolin]
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Unr. †Eupholidota Gaudin et al. 2009
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G. †Eomanis Storch 1978
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Eomanis waldi Storch 1978
Unr. †Manoidea Gaudin et al.
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G. †Euromanis Storch and Martin 1994
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Euromanis krebsi Storch 1978
Fm. Manidae Gray 1821
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G. Manis Linnaeus 1758 [pangolin]
G. Phataginus Rafinesque 1821
G. Smutsia Gray 1865
Invalid names: Manina Gray 1825 [empty], Maninae Gray 1821 [empty], Smutsiinae Gray 1873 [empty]
Fm. †Patriomanidae Szalay and Schrenk 1998
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G. †Cryptomanis Gaudin et al. 2006
G. †Necromanis Filhol 1894
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Invalid names: Teutomanis Ameghino 1905 [synonym]
G. †Patriomanis Emry 1970
G. †Eurotamandua Storch 1981
+
Eurotamandua joresi Storch 1981
G. †Leptomanis Filhol 1894
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†Leptomanis edwardsi Filhol 1894
Invalid names: Eomanidae Storch 2003 [empty], Squamata Huxley 1872 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: scansorialsubc
Diet: insectivoresubc
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-09-06 20:43:42
Modified: 2005-09-06 22:44:32
Source: subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Ji et al. 2002

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Torrejonian to the top of the Holocene or 63.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 61.7 Ma

Collections (157 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Torrejonian63.3 - 61.7USA (New Mexico) Escavadodon zygus (14835)
Middle Paleocene61.7 - 58.7China (Guangdong) Ernanodon antelios (132935 176606)
Ti361.7 - 56.8Canada (Alberta) Melaniella timosa (14992)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Wyoming) Amelotabes simpsoni (85944) Metacheiromyidae indet. (26569) Propalaeanodon schaffi (15032 15049)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8China (Guangdong) Ernanodon sp. (123483)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Colorado) Propalaeanodon sp. (174227)
Gashatan58.7 - 55.8Mongolia Ernanodon antelios (132936)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8Mongolia (Omnogov) Ernanodon sp. (133396)
Clarkforkian56.8 - 55.8USA (Wyoming) Palaeanodon parvulus (15072 15089 15139 15207 154182)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Oise) Edentata indet. (68174)
Graybullian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Alocodontulum atopum (15701)
Lostcabinian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Palaeanodon sp., Dipassalus oryctes (15917)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Alocodontulum atopum (15535 46820) Epoicotheriidae indet. (27268) Metacheiromyidae indet. (15673) Palaeanodon Ignavus (46831) Palaeanodon ignavus (15513 15522 15540 15548 15552 15557 15572 15573 15576 15577 15623 15683 15694 46760 46785 46792 46800 46807 46809 46814 46834 46836 46837) Palaeanodon nievelti (15702 15727 15729 15731 15732 15754 15755 15759 15769 15771 15773 15775 15788 15793 15796 15827 46685) Palaeanodon sp. (15559 15699 15707 46670 46731 46744 46765 46811 46843 186931 186937 186946) Palaeanodon sp., Alocodontulum atopum (15692 15705) Palaeanodon sp., Palaeanodon ignavus (15510) Palaeanodon woodi (15964) Pentapassalus pearcei (15662)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (North Dakota) Palaeanodon sp. (15895)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3Canada (Northwest Territories) Arcticanodon dawsonae (15583)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (California) Tubulodon sp. (15676)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6USA (Wyoming) Palaeanodon ignavus (15684) Palaeanodon nievelti (154253 154254 154258 154274) Palaeanodon sp. (15680) Palaeanodon sp., Palaeanodon ignavus (15700)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6China (Shandong) Auroratherium sinense (77929)
Wasatchian - Bridgerian55.8 - 46.2USA (Wyoming) Palaeanodon sp. (15669)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Nevada) Tetrapassalus mckennai (16218)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Wyoming) Brachianodon westorum (16089 16096 16306) Dipassalus oryctes, Pentapassalus woodi, Tubulodon taylori (16207) Metacheiromyidae indet., Epoicotheriidae indet., Brachianodon westorum (15837) Metacheiromys dasypus, Metacheiromys marshi (16228) Metacheiromys marshi (16205 16211) Metacheiromys osborni (16279) Metacheiromys sp. (16098 16114 16121 16270 16272 16273 16315) Metacheiromys sp., Brachianodon westorum (16313) Metacheiromys sp., Tetrapassalus sp. (16088 16309) Metacheiromys sp., Tetrapassalus sp., Brachianodon westorum (16103 16305) Palaeanodonta indet. (16254 16397) Tetrapassalus proius (16402) Tetrapassalus sp. (16090 16092 16105 16113 16116 16129 16271) Tetrapassalus sp., Brachianodon westorum (16108)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Colorado) Metacheiromys sp. (16299)
Middle Eocene48.6 - 37.2China (Nei Mongol) Cryptomanis gobiensis (61229)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (California) Palaeanodonta indet. (16746)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (Montana) Epoicotherium sp. (16584)
Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (Wyoming) Tetrapassalus sp. (16630)
Duchesnean - Chadronian40.4 - 33.9USA (Montana) Epoicotherium sp. (16840)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Montana) Xenotherium unicum (16990)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Wyoming) Epoicotherium unicum (16964 17045) Epoicotherium unicum, Patriomanis americanus (16961 16963) Xenocranium sp., Epoicotherium unicum, Patriomanis americanus (16962)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9Canada (Saskatchewan) Epoicotherium sp. (16919)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Egypt (Fayum) Manidae indet. (12960)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Egypt Manidae indet. (108726)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene23.03 - 11.608Spain (Castile-La Mancha) Teutomanis sp. (136269)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333France Teutomanis sp. (200296)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Italy (Ravenna) Squamata indet. (144566)
Messinian - Piacenzian7.246 - 2.588South Africa (Cape) Manis sp. (59167)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6South Africa (Western Cape) Manis gigantea (73552)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Uganda Smutsia gigantea (22253)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Romania Manis sp. (39846)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588South Africa Manis sp. (21713)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Indonesia Manis palaeojavanica (93522)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117South Africa Manis sp. (21828)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0South Africa Manis sp. (21711)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.126 - 0.0117South Africa Manis temmincki (96974)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Indonesia (Java) Manis javanicus (13738)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Swaziland Manis temmincki (21955)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa (Orange Free) Manis temmincki (21912)