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Xenoceratops
Taxonomy
Xenoceratops was named by Ryan et al. (2012). Its type is Xenoceratops foremostensis.
It was assigned to Chasmosaurinae by Ryan et al. (2012); and to Centrosaurinae by Evans and Ryan (2015) and Ryan et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Chasmosaurinae by Ryan et al. (2012); and to Centrosaurinae by Evans and Ryan (2015) and Ryan et al. (2017).
Species
X. foremostensis (type species)
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 2012 | Xenoceratops Ryan et al. p. 1252 figs. 3-6 |
| 2015 | Xenoceratops Evans and Ryan |
| 2017 | Xenoceratops Ryan et al. p. 9 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| M. J. Ryan et al. 2012 | Centrosaurine ceratopsid with two epiparietals (P2–P3) on the posterior parietal ramus; wide-based, short, thick, procurved processes (P2) adjacent to the midline bar and an elongate, dorsoventrally depressed spike (P3) at the posterolateral margin oriented posterolaterally; additional epiparietals fuse into ovoid depressions on the lateral ramus; ventral margins of parietal at the contact with the epiparietals greatly inflated. The P1 epiparietal is missing as on the basalmost centrosaurines (Albertaceratops and Diabloceratops) as well as the derived “pachyrhinosaur”-grade (sensu Currie et al. 2008) centrosaurs Achelousaurus, Einiosaurus, and Pachyrhinosaurus. The P2 epiparietal is a thickened protrusion compared to the elongate, medially curled, finger-like process of Centrosaurus apertus and Pachyrhinosaurus or the short tab-like processes on Achelousaurus, Einiosaurus, and some specimens of Styracosaurus. Unlike other centrosaurines, Xenoceratops lacks the development of imbricated epiparietals on the lateral ramus and shares with Albertaceratops and most Chasmosaurinae the lack of “bumps” on the midline parietal ramus. |