PBDB Taxon

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Embryophyta

Taxonomy

Embryophyta was named by Crane et al. (2004). It is extant.

It was assigned to Plantae by Crane et al. (2004).

Subtaxa

Acylomurus, Antherocerotophyta, Anthocerotophyta, Concavissimisporites, Coniferophyta, Cycadophyta, Divisisporites, Gigantopteridales, Ginkgophyta, Hermanophytales, Iraniales, Lusatisporis, Lycophyta, Progymnospermophyta, Pteridospermophyta, Sphenophyta, Zosterophyllophyta

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
2004	Embryophyta Crane et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Plantae
subkingdom	Embryophyta

Rank	Name	Author
subkingdom	Embryophyta

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Embryophyta Crane et al. 2004

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G. †Acylomurus Paden Phillips and Félix 1971

†Acylomurus silviae Perez Loinaze et al. 2023

Unr. Anthocerotophyta Stotler and Candall-Stotler 1977 [hornwort]

G. †Anthocerisporis Krutzsch 1963

†Anthocerisporis gandolfii Zamaloa 2004

Fm. Anthocerotaceae Limpricht 1876

G. †Shuklanites Singhai 1964

†Shuklanites deccanii Singhai 1964

G. †Saxosporis Krutzsch 1963

G. †Concavissimisporites Delcourt and Sprumont 1955

†Concavissimisporites apiverrucatus Döring 1965

Invalid names: Trilobosporites apiverrucatus Couper 1958 [synonym]

†Concavissimisporites crassatus Delcourt et al. 1963

†Concavissimisporites granulosus Fensome 1987

†Concavissimisporites kutchensis Venkatachala 1968

†Concavissimisporites minor Delcourt et al. 1963

†Concavissimisporites montuosus Doring 1965

†Concavissimisporites mutabilis Reyre 1973

†Concavissimisporites penolaensis Dettmann 1963

†Concavissimisporites plexus Venkatachala et al. 1968

†Concavissimisporites potoniei Pocock 1964

†Concavissimisporites punctatus Pocock 1964

†Concavissimisporites subverrucosus Venkatachala 1968

†Concavissimisporites variverrucatus Brenner 1963

†Concavissimisporites verrucosus Delcourt and Sprumont 1955

Ph. Coniferophyta [conifer]

G. †Abietoxylon Houlbert 1910

†Abietoxylon falunense Houlbert 1910

G. †Abiocaulis Suzuki 1910

†Abiocaulis yezoensis Suzuki 1910

G. †Albertia Schimper 1830

†Albertia latifolia Schimper 1838

G. †Alloxylon Zalessky 1927

†Alloxylon primordiale Zalessky 1927

G. †Anomaloxylon Gothan 1910

†Anomaloxylon magnoradiatum Gothan 1910

G. †Arctoxylon Kraeusel 1949

†Arctoxylon magnoradiatum Gothan 1949

G. †Benstedtia Seward 1896

†Benstedtia benstedi Koenig 1911

G. †Borysthenia Stanislavskiy 1976

G. †Callitrites Endlicher 1847

†Callitrites brongniartii Endlicher 1847

Invalid names: Equisetum brachyodon Brongniart 1822 [replaced]

G. †Calloxylon Andrae 1848

†Calloxylon hartigii Andrae 1848

G. †Cedrophloios Fliche 1896

†Cedrophloios breicheri Fliche 1896

G. †Ceratostrobus Velenovsky 1885

†Ceratostrobus sequoiaephyllus Velenovsky 1885

G. †Cheirostrobus Scott 1897

†Cheirostrobus pettycurensis Scott 1897

G. †Cladocupressoxylon Felix 1882

†Cladocupressoxylon protolarix Felix 1882

G. †Coniferoxylon Beck 1945

†Coniferoxylon krausei Felix 1945

Or. †Cordaitales Scott 1909

G. †Amyelon Williamson 1874

†Amyelon radicans Williamson 1874

G. †Apaloxylon Renault 1892

†Apaloxylon rocheri Renault 1892

Invalid names: Hapaloxylon Renault 1896 [synonym]

G. †Aporoxylon Unger 1856

†Aporoxylon primigenium Unger 1856

G. †Arberia White 1908

†Arberia indica White 1908

†Arberia minasica White 1908

†Arberia surangei Chandra and Srivastava 1981

†Arberia umbellata Surange and Lele 1957

G. †Archaeopitys Scott and Jeffrey 1914

†Archaeopitys eastmanii Scott and Jeffrey 1914

G. †Botryoconus Goeppert 1864

†Botryoconus goldenbergi Goeppert 1864

G. †Caenoxylon Zalessky 1911

†Caenoxylon scotti Zalessky 1911

G. †Callixylon Zalessky 1911

†Callixylon trifilievi Zalessky 1911

G. †Caracuboxylon Zalessky 1930

†Caracuboxylon bakhasuense Zalessky 1930

G. †Cauloxylon Cribbs 1939

†Cauloxylon ambiguum Cribbs 1939

G. †Cheirophyllum Pant and Singh 1978

†Cheirophyllum lacerata Feistmantel 1882

Invalid names: Palmatophyllites Maithy 1965 [synonym]

G. †Cladites Scott 1930

†Cladites bracteatus Scott 1930

G. †Conchophyllum Schenk 1883

†Conchophyllum richthofeni Schenk 1883

G. †Cordaianthopsis Fliche 1910

†Cordaianthopsis minieri Fliche 1910

G. †Cordaianthus Grand'Eury 1877

†Cordaianthus gemmifer Grand'Eury 1877

G. †Cordaicarpus Geinitz 1862

†Cordaicarpus chichariensis Lele 1963

†Cordaicarpus karharbarense Maithy 1965

†Cordaicarpus ovatus Lele 1963

†Cordaicarpus zeilleri Maithy 1965

G. †Cordaicladus Grand'Eury 1877

†Cordaicladus subschnorrianus Grand'Eury 1877

G. †Cordaifloyos Grand'Eury 1877

G. †Cordaiopsis Renault 1896

†Cordaiopsis elliptica Renault 1896

G. †Cordaispermum Renault 1881

†Cordaispermum gutbieri Geinitz 1881

G. †Cordaistrobus Lesquereux 1878

†Cordaistrobus grandeuryi Lesquereux 1878

G. †Cormocordaites Grand'Eury 1890

G. †Dictyocordaites Dawson 1889

†Dictyocordaites lacoi Dawson 1889

G. †Dolianitia Millan 1967

†Dolianitia karharbarensis Maithy 1970

†Dolianitia opposita Millan 1967

G. †Dorycordaites Zeiller 1888

†Dorycordaites palmaeformis Goeppert 1888

G. †Eristophyton Zalessky 1911

†Eristophyton beinertianum Goeppert 1911

G. †Hypsilocarpus Grand'Eury 1890

†Hypsilocarpus amygdalaeformis Goeppert and Berger 1890

G. †Lepidoxylon Lesquereux 1878

†Lepidoxylon anomalum Brongniart 1878

G. †Medullopitys Kraeusel 1928

†Medullopitys sclerotica Gothan 1928

G. †Mesoxyloides Maslen 1930

†Mesoxyloides platypodium Maslen 1930

G. †Mesoxylon Scott and Maslen 1910

†Mesoxylon sutcliffi Scott 1910

G. †Mesoxylopsis Scott 1919

†Mesoxylopsis arberae Scott 1919

G. †Metacordaites Renault 1896

†Metacordaites rigolloti Renault 1896

G. †Ormoxylon Dawson 1871

†Ormoxylon erianum Dawson 1871

G. †Pelourdea Seward 1917

†Pelourdea vogesiaca Schimper and Mougeot 1917

G. †Pericordaites Zalessky 1927

†Pericordaites eugeniae Zalessky 1927

G. †Pinuxylon Gothan 1906

†Pinuxylon succinifer Goeppert and Berendt 1845

G. †Pitus Witham 1833

†Pitus antiqua Witham 1833

Fm. †Pityeae

G. †Arnoldella Read 1936

†Arnoldella minuta Read 1936

G. †Poacordaixylon Renault 1885

†Poacordaixylon stephanense Renault 1885

G. †Poroxylon Renault 1879

†Poroxylon boysseti Renault 1879

G. †Premnoxylon Pierce and Hall 1953

†Premnoxylon iowense Pierce and Hall 1953

G. †Pycnophyllites Tuzson 1911

†Pycnophyllites brandlingi Lindley and Hutton 1831

G. †Pycnoxylon Cribbs 1938

†Pycnoxylon leptodesmon Cribbs 1938

G. †Radiculites Lignier 1906

†Radiculites reticulatus Lignier 1906

G. †Rhiptozamites Schmalhausen 1879

†Rhiptozamites goepperti Schmalhausen 1879

G. †Rhizocordaites Grand'Eury 1890

G. †Samarospadix Neuburg 1948

†Samarospadix pencillata Neuburg 1948

G. †Schutzia Geinitz 1863

†Schutzia anomala Geinitz 1863

G. †Scutocordaites Renault and Zeiller 1885

†Scutocordaites grandeuryi Renault and Zeiller 1885

G. †Squamophyllum Radchenko 1934

†Squamophyllum actaeonelloides Geinitz 1871

G. †Taeniophyllum Lesquereux 1878

†Taeniophyllum deflexum Lesquereux 1878

G. †Titanophyllum Renault 1890

†Titanophyllum grandeuryi Renault 1890

G. †Tithymalites Presl 1838

†Tithymalites biformis Presl 1838

G. †Xylophyllum Zalessky 1927

†Xylophyllum kuliki Zalessky 1927

Invalid names: Cordaiphloeum Grand'Eury 1877 [nomen nudum]

G. †Cormaraucarioxylon Lignier 1907

†Cormaraucarioxylon crasseradiatum Lignier 1907

G. †Cormocedroxylon Felix 1882

†Cormocedroxylon jurense Rouillier and Fahrenkohl 1882

G. †Cormocupressoxylon Felix 1882

†Cormocupressoxylon protolarix Felix 1882

G. †Cryptomerites Brongniart 1849

†Cryptomerites ulmanni Bronn 1837

G. †Cupressoxylon Kraus 1870

†Cupressoxylon ucranicum Goeppert 1850

G. †Cycadocarpidium Nathorst 1886

†Cycadocarpidium asaense Kon'no 1961

†Cycadocarpidium dzerganense Genkina 1966

†Cycadocarpidium erdmanni Nathorst 1886

†Cycadocarpidium giganteum Sun 1979

†Cycadocarpidium insignis Genkina 1963

†Cycadocarpidium issykkulense Genkina 1963

†Cycadocarpidium nagatoense Kon'no 1961

†Cycadocarpidium swabii Oishi 1932

G. †Dammarophyllum Velenovsky 1889

†Dammarophyllum striatum Velenovsky 1885

G. †Dictyodendron Eichwald 1860

†Dictyodendron leuchtenbergii Eichwald 1860

G. †Eleoxylon Brongniart 1849

†Eleoxylon acerosum Unger 1841

G. †Eurysacis Schulze 1887

G. †Germaria Presl 1838

†Germaria elymiformis Presl 1838

G. †Glyptolepidium Heer 1876

†Glyptolepidium gormense Sordelli 1896

G. †Glyptostroboxylon Conwentz 1885

†Glyptostroboxylon tenerum Prill and Kraeusel 1919

G. †Hiltonia Stoneley 1956

†Hiltonia rivuli Stoneley 1956

G. †Krauselcladus Yoshida 1970

†Krauselcladus canoinhensis Yoshida 1970

G. †Lebachia Florin 1938

†Lebachia piniformis Schlotheim 1938

G. †Libocedrites Endlicher 1847

†Libocedrites salicornioides Unger 1841

G. †Lutuginia Prynada and Radchenko 1967

†Lutuginia furcata Prynada and Radchenko 1967

G. †Macrostachya Schimper 1869

†Macrostachya infundibuliformis Bronn 1869

G. †Metacedroxylon Holden 1913

†Metacedroxylon araucarioides Holden 1913

G. †Paleotaxites White 1929

†Paleotaxites praecursor White 1929

G. †Paraphyllocladoxylon Holden 1913

†Paraphyllocladoxylon eboracense Holden 1913

G. †Parapinuxylon Huard 1966

†Parapinuxylon hostensianum Huard 1966

G. †Phleboxylon Hartig 1848

†Phleboxylon pannonica Unger 1848

G. †Phyllocladopitys Kraeusel 1928

†Phyllocladopitys capensus Kraeusel 1928

G. †Phyllostrobus Saporta 1873

†Phyllostrobus lorteti Saporta 1873

G. †Pityites Seward 1919

†Pityites solmsi Seward 1919

G. †Pityocladus Seward 1919

†Pityocladus longifolius Seward 1919

G. †Platyspiroxylon Greguss 1961

†Platyspiroxylon heteroparenchymatosum Greguss 1961

G. †Protobrachyoxylon Holden 1913

†Protobrachyoxylon eboracense Holden 1913

G. †Protocedroxylon Gothan 1910

†Protocedroxylon araucarioides Gothan 1910

G. †Protojuniperoxylon Eckhold 1922

†Protojuniperoxylon maidstonense Stopes 1915

G. †Protopiceoxylon Gothan 1907

†Protopiceoxylon extinctum Gothan 1907

G. †Protopinuxylon Eckhold 1922

†Protopinuxylon ruffordi Seward 1895

G. †Protopodocarpoxylon Eckhold 1922

†Protopodocarpoxylon blevillense Lignier 1907

G. †Pseudoaraucarites Vladimirovich 1967

†Pseudoaraucarites gorskii Vladimirovich 1967

G. †Pseudotaxodioxylon Greguss 1973

†Pseudotaxodioxylon jaehnicheni Greguss 1973

G. †Retinoxylon Endlicher 1847

†Retinoxylon pityoides Zenker 1833

Invalid names: Retinodendron Zenker 1833 [replaced]

G. †Rhizocedroxylon Felix 1882

†Rhizocedroxylon hoheneggeri Felix 1882

G. †Rhizotaxodioxylon Felix 1882

†Rhizotaxodioxylon palustre Felix 1882

G. †Sboromirskia Zalessky 1936

†Sboromirskia asiatica Zalessky 1936

G. †Spiroxylon Walton 1925

†Spiroxylon africanum Walton 1925

G. †Storgaardia Harris 1935

†Storgaardia spectabilis Harris 1935

G. †Swedenborgia Nathorst 1876

†Swedenborgia cryptomerides Nathorst 1876

G. †Taxeopsis Renault 1885

†Taxeopsis grandeuryi Renault 1885

G. †Taxoxylon Houlbert 1910

†Taxoxylon falunense Houlbert 1910

†Taxoxylon indicum Bharadwaj 1952

G. †Taxoxylum Unger 1842

†Taxoxylum aykii Goeppert 1841

G. †Thylloxylon Gothan 1910

†Thylloxylon irregulare Gothan 1910

G. †Trematoxylon Hartig 1848

†Trematoxylon leunisii Hartig 1848

G. †Walchia Sternberg 1825

†Walchia filiciformia Schlotheim 1820

G. †Walchiostrobus Florin 1940

†Walchiostrobus gothanii Florin 1940

G. †Zamioidea Schuster 1931

†Zamioidea macrozamioides Schuster 1911

Invalid names: Legnophora Heer 1864 [nomen dubium], Legnophora girardi Heer 1864 [nomen dubium]

Ph. Cycadophyta Bessey 1907

G. †Acozamites Zalessky 1936

†Acozamites elegans Zalessky 1936

G. †Aldania Samylina 1956

G. †Almargemia Florin 1933

†Almargemia dentata Heer 1933

G. †Amphibennetites Fliche 1896

†Amphibennetites bleicheri Fliche 1896

G. †Androlepis Nathorst 1902

†Androlepis ambigua Nathorst 1902

G. †Antherangiopsis Nathorst 1902

†Antherangiopsis rediviva Nathorst 1902

G. †Bennettitacearum Gothan 1914

G. †Bernettia Gothan 1914

†Bernettia inopinata Gothan 1914

G. †Bjuvia Florin 1933

†Bjuvia simplex Florin 1933

†Bjuvia thalensis Kustatscher and Van Konijnenburg-van Cittert 2010

G. †Blastolepis Zigno 1885

†Blastolepis otozamites Zigno 1885

G. †Bolbopodium Saporta 1874

†Bolbopodium pictaviense Saporta 1874

G. †Bucklandiopsis Roselt 1960

†Bucklandiopsis ovalis Roselt 1960

G. †Campylophyllum Gothan 1914

†Campylophyllum hormanni Gothan 1914

G. †Clathropodium Saporta 1873

†Clathropodium trigeri Saporta 1873

G. †Cloughtonia Halle 1911

†Cloughtonia rugosa Halle 1911

G. †Colymbetes Stopes 1915

†Colymbetes edwardsi Stopes 1915

G. †Crossozamia Pomel 1849

†Crossozamia moreana Pomel 1849

G. †Ctenidium Heer 1881

†Ctenidium integerrimum Heer 1881

G. †Ctenopteris Saporta 1872

†Ctenopteris angustifolia Fontaine 1889

†Ctenopteris columbiensis Penhallow 1902

†Ctenopteris cycadea Brongniart 1872

†Ctenopteris insignis Fontaine 1889

Invalid names: Ctenopteris minor Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Ctenopteris virginiensis Fontaine 1889 [synonym]

†Ctenopteris longifolia Fontaine 1889

†Ctenopteris punctata Sixtel 1962

G. †Cycadangium Ogura 1932

†Cycadangium compactum Ogura 1932

G. †Cycadea Capellini and Solms-Laubach 1892

†Cycadea imolensis Capellini and Solms-Laubach 1892

G. †Cycadeacites Morris 1841

†Cycadeacites columnaris Presl 1838

G. †Cycadeocarpus Dawson 1873

†Cycadeocarpus columbianus Dawson 1873

G. †Cycadeomyelon Saporta 1875

†Cycadeomyelon hettangense Saporta 1875

†Cycadeomyelon yorkense Fontaine 1900

G. †Cycadeorachis Stopes 1915

G. †Cycadeostrobus Carruthers 1867

†Cycadeostrobus ovatus Carruthers 1867

G. †Cycadinocarpus Renault 1896

†Cycadinocarpus augustodensis Brongniart 1896

G. †Cycadites Sternberg 1825

†Cycadites nilsoni Sternberg 1825

G. †Cycadocaulum Frentzen 1932

†Cycadocaulum rhaeticum Frentzen 1932

G. †Cycadocephalus Nathorst 1902

†Cycadocephalus sewardi Nathorst 1902

G. †Cycadofilix Kuntze 1904

G. †Cycadophycos Massalongo 1859

†Cycadophycos pteroides Sternberg 1833

G. †Cycadophyllum Bornemann 1856

†Cycadophyllum elegans Bornemann 1856

G. †Cycadopites Wodehouse 1933

†Cycadopites andrewsii Cornet and Traverse 1975

†Cycadopites carpentieri Singh 1964

†Cycadopites coxii Visscher 1966

†Cycadopites crassisulcatus Sah and Jain 1965

†Cycadopites dejerseyi Burger 1996

†Cycadopites deterius Pocock 1970

†Cycadopites dikjstrae Jansonius 1962

†Cycadopites follicularis Wilson and Webster 1946

†Cycadopites formosus Singh 1964

†Cycadopites fragilis Singh 1964

†Cycadopites glottus Wingate 1980

†Cycadopites gracilis Sah and Jain 1965

†Cycadopites granulatus de Jersey 1964

†Cycadopites minimus Singh 1964

†Cycadopites miocaenica Nagy 1969

†Cycadopites nitidus de Jersey 1964

†Cycadopites ovatus Rouse 1959

†Cycadopites punctatus Volkheimer 1968

†Cycadopites sakrigaliensis Sah and Jain 1965

†Cycadopites scabratus Stanley 1965

†Cycadopites stonei Helby 1987

Cl. Cycadopsida Brongniart 1843 [cycads]

G. †Crassofilicites Bock 1969

†Crassofilicites wherryi Bock 1969

Or. Cycadales Dumortier 1829

G. †Amuriella Prinada 1956

†Amuriella extra Prinada 1956

G. †Anthrophyopsis Nathorst 1878

†Anthrophyopsis crassinervis Nathorst 1878

†Anthrophyopsis decurrens Kimura and Kim 1989

†Anthrophyopsis miassica Vladimirovich 1958

†Anthrophyopsis naruensis Doludenko and Svanidze 1970

†Anthrophyopsis nilssoni Nathorst 1878

G. †Apoldia Wesley 1958

†Apoldia tenera Compter 1883

G. †Archaeocycas Mamay 1973

†Archaeocycas whitei Mamay 1973

G. †Aricycas Ash 1991

†Aricycas paulae Ash 1991

Fm. †Beaniaceae

G. †Androstrobus Schimper 1870

G. †Beania Carruthers 1869

G. †Behuninia Chandler 1966

†Behuninia joannei Chandler 1966

G. †Bucklandia Sternberg 1825

†Bucklandia anomala Sternberg 1825

Invalid names: Clathraria anomala Stokes and Webb 1824 [objective synonym]

†Bucklandia dichotoma Sharma 1969

†Bucklandia guptae Sharma 1967

†Bucklandia sahnii Bose 1953

G. †Bureja Prinada 1956

†Bureja rigida Prinada 1956

G. †Cavamonocolpites de Lima 1989

†Cavamonocolpites punctatus de Lima 1989

G. †Ctenozamites Nathorst 1886

†Ctenozamites cycadea Brongniart 1886

†Ctenozamites kachchhensis Bose and Banerji 1984

†Ctenozamites surangei Sukh-Dev and Zeba-Bano 1981

Fm. Cycadaceae Persoon 1807

G. †Beaniopsis Ganju 1947

G. †Ctenophyllum Schimper 1870

G. †Ctenopsis Berry 1911

G. †Cycadinocarpus Schimper 1870

G. †Cycadites Buckland 1836

G. †Cycadospadix Schimper 1870

G. Cycas Linnaeus 1753

G. †Dichotozamites Berry 1911

G. †Dioonites Miquel 1851

G. †Encephalartopsis Fontaine 1889

G. Encephalartos Lehmann 1834 [bread tree]

G. †Glossozamites Schimper 1870

G. †Leprospermum Heer 1877

G. †Leptocycas Delevoryas and Hope 1971

G. †Menucoa Petriella 1969

G. †Microzamia Corda 1846

G. †Platypterygium Feistmantel 1886

G. †Sphenozamites Brongniart 1849

G. †Zamiopsis Fontaine 1889

G. †Zamiostrobus Endlicher 1836

G. †Cycadenia Bock 1969

†Cycadenia elongata Bock 1969

G. †Cycadinorachis Sharma 1969

†Cycadinorachis omegoides Sharma 1969

Fm. †Dirhopalostachyaceae

G. †Dirhopalostachys Krassilov 1975

G. †Eucommiidites Erdtman 1948

†Eucommiidites minor Groot and Penny 1961

†Eucommiidites stuartii Kemp 1970

†Eucommiidites troedsonii Potonié 1958

†Eucommiidites troedssonii Potonié 1958

G. †Fascisvarioxylon Jain 1964

†Fascisvarioxylon mehtae Jain 1964

†Fascisvarioxylon sahnii Gupta 1971

Invalid names: Sewardioxylon Gupta 1971 [synonym]

G. †Gymnovulites Shukla 1948

†Gymnovulites deccanii Paradkar 1976

G. †Haitingeria Krasser 1916

†Haitingeria krasseri Schuster 1911

G. †Heilungia Prinada 1956

†Heilungia amureansis Novopokrovsky 1956

G. †Mesosingeria Archangelsky 1963

†Mesosingeria coriacea Archangelsky 1963

†Mesosingeria oblonga Villar de Seoane 2005

G. †Michelilloa Archangelsky and Brett 1963

†Michelilloa waltoni Archangelsky and Brett 1963

G. †Nikania Prinada 1956

†Nikania pectinata Prinada 1956

G. †Nilsonia Brongniart 1825

†Nilsonia californica Fontaine 1894

†Nilsonia compta Phillips 1905

†Nilsonia gibbsii Newberry 1863

Invalid names: Nilsonia johnstrupi Heer 1882 [synonym]

†Nilsonia lata Dawson 1882

†Nilsonia nigracollensis Wieland 1905

†Nilsonia nipponensis Yokoyama 1889

†Nilsonia oregonensis Fontaine 1905

†Nilsonia orientalis Heer 1878

†Nilsonia parvula Heer 1876

†Nilsonia pasaytensis Penhallow 1907

†Nilsonia polymorpha Schenk 1867

†Nilsonia pterophylloides Nathorst 1878

†Nilsonia sambucensis Ward 1905

†Nilsonia schaumbergensis Dunker 1889

†Nilsonia stantoni Ward 1905

†Nilssonia brevis Brongniart 1825

†Nilssonia fissa Feistmantel 1879

†Nilssonia princeps Oldham and Morris 1862

Fm. †Nilssoniaceae Kimura and Sekido 1975

G. †Nilssoniocladus Kimura and Sekido 1975

Invalid names: Phylloteuthis Meek and Hayden 1860 [synonym]

G. †Pseudoctenis Seward 1911

G. †Palaeozamia Endlicher 1836

G. †Paracycas Harris 1964

†Paracycas cteis Harris 1964

G. †Phasmatocycas Mamay 1973

†Phasmatocycas kansana Mamay 1973

G. †Pleiotrichium Weyland and Greifeld 1953

†Pleiotrichium commelinoides Weyland and Greifeld 1953

G. †Sarmatiella Prynada 1956

†Sarmatiella brevifolia Prynada 1956

G. †Stangerites Oldham and Morris 1863

G. †Sueria Menéndez 1965

†Sueria rectinervis Menéndez 1965

G. †Taeniopteris Brongniart 1828

†Taeniopteris acuminata McClelland 1850

†Taeniopteris auriculata Fontaine 1889

†Taeniopteris cheondaeriensis Kimura and Kim 1989

†Taeniopteris crassinervis Feistmantel 1877

Invalid names: Macrotaeniopteris misrai Agarwal 1972 [synonym], Taeniopteris buskoghatensis Bose and Banerji 1981 [synonym]

†Taeniopteris densinervis Feistmantel 1876

†Taeniopteris ensis Oldham 1863

†Taeniopteris feddeni Feistmantel 1881

†Taeniopteris glandulata Srivastava 1971

†Taeniopteris haburensis Bose and Banerji 1981

†Taeniopteris kashmirensis Hazra and Prasad 1957

†Taeniopteris kelberi Kustatscher and Van Konijnenburg-van Cittert 2010

†Taeniopteris kutchensis Bose and Banerji 1981

†Taeniopteris lanceolata Oishi 1932

†Taeniopteris major Lindley and Hutton 1833

†Taeniopteris minensis Oishi 1932

†Taeniopteris mungyeongensis Kimura and Kim 1989

†Taeniopteris nabaensis Oishi 1932

†Taeniopteris nervosa Fontaine 1889

Invalid names: Angiopteridium densinerve Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Angiopteridium pachyphyllum Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Angiopteridium strictinerve Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Anomozamites angustifolius Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Anomozamites virginicus Fontaine 1889 [synonym]

†Taeniopteris oldhamii Bose and Banerji 1981

†Taeniopteris oregonensis Fontaine 1905

†Taeniopteris orovillensis Fontaine 1896

†Taeniopteris plumosa Dawson 1882

†Taeniopteris shastensis Knowlton 1919

†Taeniopteris shitakensis Oishi 1932

†Taeniopteris spatulata McClelland 1850

†Taeniopteris stankevichii Sixtel 1962

†Taeniopteris stenoneura Schenk 1867

†Taeniopteris stenophylla Kryshtofovich 1910

†Taeniopteris vittata Brongniart 1831

†Taeniopteris yorkensis Fontaine 1900

Fm. Zamiaceae Horaninow 1834

G. †Bororoa Petriella 1972

G. Bowenia Hooker and Hooker 1863

G. †Brunoa Artabe et al. 2004

G. Ceratozamia Brongniart 1846

Subfm. Encephalartoideae Stevenson

G. Lepidozamia Regel 1857

G. Macrozamia Miquel 1842

G. †Pterostoma Hill 1980

G. †Restrepophyllum Passalia et al. 2010

G. †Worsdellia Artabe et al. 2004

G. Zamia Linnaeus 1763

Invalid names: Crossozamiaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]

G. †Deltolepis Harris 1942

†Deltolepis credipota Harris 1942

Or. Dioales Doweld 2001

Fm. Dioaceae Doweld 2001

G. Dioon Lindley 1843

G. †Drepanozamites Harris 1932

†Drepanozamites nilssoni Harris 1932

Invalid names: Rhacopteris gothani Sze 1933 [synonym]

†Drepanozamites pani Sze 1956

Or. Gnetales Martius 1835

G. †Alaticolpites Regali et al. 1975 [elaterate]

†Alaticolpites limai Regali et al. 1975 [elaterate]

G. †Elaterocolpites Jardiné and Magloire 1965 [elaterate]

†Elaterocolpites africaensis Herngreen 1973

†Elaterocolpites castelaini Jardiné and Magloire 1962

†Elaterocolpites castelainii Jardiné and Magloire 1965

†Elaterocolpites castelani Herngreen 1973 [elaterate]

†Elaterocolpites pentarhetus Srivastava 1984 [elaterate]

G. †Elaterosporites Jardiné 1967 [elaterate]

†Elaterosporites acuminatus Jardiné 1967 [elaterate]

Invalid names: Galeacornea acuminata Stover 1963 [synonym]

†Elaterosporites castellaini Jardine and Magloire 1965

†Elaterosporites klaszi Jardiné 1967 [elaterate]

Invalid names: Galeacornea klaszi Jardiné and Magloire 1965 [objective synonym]

†Elaterosporites klaszii Jardiné 1967

†Elaterosporites protensus Jardiné 1967 [elaterate]

Invalid names: Galeacornea protensa Stover 1963 [objective synonym]

†Elaterosporites verrucatus Jardiné 1967 [elaterate]

Invalid names: Galeacornea verrucata Jardiné and Magloire 1965 [objective synonym]

G. †Steevesipollenites Stover 1964

†Steevesipollenites binodosus Stover 1964

†Steevesipollenites cupuliformis Azema and Boltenhagen 1974

†Steevesipollenites dajani Brenner 1968

†Steevesipollenites dayani Brenner 1968

†Steevesipollenites grambasti Azema and Boltenhagen 1974

†Steevesipollenites multilineatus Stover 1964

†Steevesipollenites orbiculatus Stover 1964

†Steevesipollenites patapscoensis de Lima 1980

†Steevesipollenites pentacostatus Regali 1989

†Steevesipollenites pygmeus Azema and Boltenhagen 1974

†Steevesipollenites sinuosus Azema and Boltenhagen 1974

†Steevesipollenites stoverii Deaf et al. 2014

Invalid names: Gnetaceae Lindley 1834 [empty]

Or. †Lagenostomales

Invalid names: Buteoxylaceae [empty], Lagenostomaceae [empty]

G. †Manebachia Remy and Remy 1958

†Manebachia polysporangiata Remy and Remy 1958

G. †Marantoidea Jaeger 1827

†Marantoidea arenacea Jaeger 1827

G. †Orthogoniopteris Andrews 1875

†Orthogoniopteris clara Andrews 1875

Or. †Pteridospermales

G. †Bosea Srivastava 1975

†Bosea indica Srivastava 1975

Bosea yervamora Linnaeus 1753

G. †Chiropteris Kurr 1845

†Chiropteris barrealensis Frenguelli 1942

†Chiropteris coreanica Kimura and Kim 1988

†Chiropteris cuneata Carruthers 1872

†Chiropteris digitata Kurr 1858

†Chiropteris kawasakii Kon'no 1938

†Chiropteris manasiensis Gu and Hu 1979

†Chiropteris reniformis Kawasaki 1925

†Chiropteris taizihoensis Zhang 1980

†Chiropteris williamsii Newberry 1891

†Chiropteris yuani Sze 1956

G. †Concaryon Loubiere 1956

†Concaryon renaulti Loubiere 1956

G. †Marhwaseaphyllum Srivastava 1984

†Marhwaseaphyllum hastatum Srivastava 1984

G. †Rewaphyllum Srivastava 1984

†Rewaphyllum nidpurensis Srivastava 1984

G. †Rugapites Pant and Basu 1977

†Rugapites spherica Pant and Basu 1977

G. †Rugaspermum Pant and Basu 1977

†Rugaspermum insigne Pant and Basu 1977

†Rugaspermum media Pant and Basu 1977

†Rugaspermum obscura Pant and Basu 1977

G. †Rugatheca Pant and Basu 1977

†Rugatheca nidpurensis Pant and Basu 1977

G. †Thinnfeldia Ettingshausen 1852

†Thinnfeldia amarjolensis Sharma et al. 1971

†Thinnfeldia chunakhalensis Sah and Sukh-Dev 1958

†Thinnfeldia dutoiti Jain and Delevoryas 1967

†Thinnfeldia feistmanteli Johnston 1895

†Thinnfeldia fontainei Berry 1903

Invalid names: Thinnfeldia variabilis Fontaine 1889 [replaced]

†Thinnfeldia granulata Fontaine 1889

Invalid names: Acaciaephyllum longifolium Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Acaciaephyllum microphyllum Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Acaciaephyllum spatulatum Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Acaciaephyllum variabile Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Celastrophyllum proteoides Fontaine 1889 [synonym]

†Thinnfeldia hughesi Feistmantel 1882

†Thinnfeldia indica Feistmantel 1876

Invalid names: Pecopteris salicifolia Morris 1863 [synonym]

†Thinnfeldia marylandica Fontaine 1905

†Thinnfeldia nirmali Roy 1973

†Thinnfeldia obtusifolia Johnston 1888

†Thinnfeldia odontopteroides Morris 1845

†Thinnfeldia reticulata Fontaine 1900

†Thinnfeldia rhomboidalis Ettingshausen 1927

†Thinnfeldia rotundiloba Fontaine 1889

G. †Thuringia Remy 1953

†Thuringia callipteroides Remy 1953

G. †Strangerites Bornemann 1856

Or. †Trigonocarpales

G. †Sarcospermum Deevers 1937

†Sarcospermum ovale Deevers 1937

G. †Trigonocarpolithus Arnold 1948

†Trigonocarpolithus typicus Arnold 1948

Invalid names: Medullosales [replaced], Trigonocarpaceae [empty]

Or. Welwitschiales

Fm. Welwitschiaceae Caruel

G. Welwitschia Hooker 1862

G. †Welwitschiapites Bolkhovitina

Invalid names: Boweniaceae Stevenson [empty], Stangeriaceae Johnson [empty]

G. †Cycadopsis Debey 1848

†Cycadopsis aquisgranensis Goeppert 1842

G. †Cycadopteris Schimper 1869

G. †Cycadorachis Saporta 1873

†Cycadorachis armata Saporta 1873

G. †Cycadoxylon Renault 1879

†Cycadoxylon fremyi Renault 1879

G. †Cyclozamia Pomel 1849

†Cyclozamia insignis Pomel 1849

G. †Cylindropodium Saporta 1874

†Cylindropodium liasinum Saporta 1874

G. †Dioonitocarpidium von Lilienstern 1928

†Dioonitocarpidium moroderi Leonardi 1953

†Dioonitocarpidium pennaeformis Schenk 1864

G. †Doratophyllum Harris 1932

†Doratophyllum astartensis Harris 1932

†Doratophyllum jordanicus Mustafa 2003

†Doratophyllum senii Kasat 1969

G. †Encephalartites Vakhrameev 1962

†Encephalartites leipzigii Vakhrameev 1962

G. †Endogenites Brongniart 1822

†Endogenites echinatus Brongniart 1822

G. †Eurycycadolepis Seward 1917

†Eurycycadolepis jenkinsiana Tate 1867

G. †Fittonia Carruthers 1870

†Fittonia squamata Carruthers 1870

G. †Guilliera Crie 1885

†Guilliera sarthacensis Crie 1885

G. †Harringtonia Frenguelli 1942

†Harringtonia argentinica Arber 1942

G. †Hisingera Miquel 1842

†Hisingera mantellii Miquel 1842

Invalid names: Cycadites brongniarti Mantell 1833 [replaced]

G. †Jacutiella Samylina 1956

†Jacutiella amurensis Novopokrovsky 1956

G. †Jensensispermum Chandler 1966

†Jensensispermum redmondi Chandler 1966

G. †Jirusia Bayer 1914

†Jirusia bohemica Bayer 1914

G. †Laconiella Krasser 1920

†Laconiella sardinica Krasser 1920

G. †Lepidanthium Schimper 1870

†Lepidanthium micrirhombeum Schimper 1870

G. †Leptopterophyllum Thomas 1930

†Leptopterophyllum nathorsti Seward 1930

G. †Lunzia Krasser 1918

†Lunzia austriaca Krasser 1918

G. †Macropterygium Schimper 1870

†Macropterygium bronnii Schenk 1865

G. †Macrotaeniopteris Schimper 1869

†Macrotaeniopteris californica Fontaine 1896

†Macrotaeniopteris magnifolia Rogers 1857

†Macrotaeniopteris morrisii Oldham 1863

†Macrotaeniopteris nervosa Fontaine 1896

†Macrotaeniopteris ovata Schimper 1869

†Macrotaeniopteris satpurensis Feistmantel 1876

†Macrotaeniopteris vancouverensis Dawson 1893

G. †Macrotorellia Kryshtofovich 1927

†Macrotorellia hoshayahiana Kryshtofovich 1927

G. †Megalozamia Hosius and Marck 1880

†Megalozamia falciformis Hosius and Marck 1880

G. †Morrisia Bose 1959

†Morrisia dentata Rao and Jacob 1957

†Morrisia mcclellandi Oldham and Morris 1863

†Morrisia rajmahalensis Feistmantel 1877

G. †Novoguineoxylon Boureau and Jongmans 1955

†Novoguineoxylon lacunosum Boureau and Jongmans 1955

G. †Ontheodendron Sahni and Rao 1933

Invalid names: Cycadophytites Rao and Bose 1959 [synonym]

Cl. †Pachytestopsida Doweld 2001

Or. †Codonospermales Doweld 2001

Invalid names: Codonospermaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]

Or. †Pachytestales Doweld 2001

Invalid names: Pachytestaceae Doweld 2001 [empty], Polylophospermaceae Doweld 2001 [empty], Stephanospermaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]

G. †Palaeocycas Florin 1933

†Palaeocycas integer Nathorst 1933

Cl. †Phasmatocycadopsida Doweld 2001

Or. †Phasmatocycadales Doweld 2001

Invalid names: Phasmatocycadaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]

G. †Plagiozamiopsis Sze 1943

†Plagiozamiopsis podozamioides Sze 1943

G. †Plagiozamites Zeiller 1894

†Plagiozamites planchardi Renault 1894

G. †Platylepis Saporta 1874

†Platylepis micromyela Saporta 1874

G. †Polypodiolites Sternberg 1823

G. †Pramelreuthia Krasser 1918

†Pramelreuthia haberfelneri Krasser 1918

G. †Pseudopterophyllum Florin 1933

†Pseudopterophyllum cteniforme Nathorst 1933

G. †Pseudoptilophyllum Krasser 1918

†Pseudoptilophyllum titzei Krasser 1918

G. †Pteronilssonia Pant and Mehra 1963

†Pteronilssonia gopalii Pant and Mehra 1963

G. †Pterozamites Braun 1843

†Pterozamites scitamineus Presl 1838

G. †Ptychoxylon Renault 1896

†Ptychoxylon levyi Renault 1896

G. †Quervainia Harris 1932

†Quervainia spectabilis Harris 1932

G. †Russellites Mamay 1968

†Russellites taeniata Darrah 1968

G. †Schizopodium Moriere 1888

†Schizopodium renaulti Moriere 1888

G. †Sedgwickia Goeppert 1848

†Sedgwickia yuccoides Goeppert 1848

Invalid names: Endogenites erosa Stokes and Webb 1824 [replaced]

G. †Sewardia Zeiller 1900

†Sewardia latifolia Zeiller 1900

Invalid names: Withamia saportae Seward 1895 [replaced]

Invalid names: Withamia Seward 1895 [replaced]

G. †Sinoctenis Sze 1931

†Sinoctenis grabauiana Sze 1931

G. †Taeniophyllum Pomel 1849

†Taeniophyllum muensteri Pomel 1849

Invalid names: Nilssonia contigua Muenster 1844 [replaced]

G. †Taeniopteridium Sixtel 1962

†Taeniopteridium glossopteroides Sixtel 1962

G. †Tessellaria Eichwald 1860

†Tessellaria antiqua Eichwald 1860

G. †Westersheimia Krasser 1918

†Westersheimia pramelreuthensis Krasser 1918

G. †Yatesia Carruthers 1870

†Yatesia morrisii Morris and Carruthers 1870

G. †Zamiophyllum Nathorst 1890

†Zamiophyllum buchianum Ettingshausen 1890

Invalid names: Navajoia Wieland 1928 [nomen nudum]

G. †Divisisporites Thomson 1952

†Divisisporites euskirchenensis Thomson 1953

†Divisisporites ovalis Sah and Jain 1965

Or. †Gigantopteridales Li and Yang 1983

G. †Bicoemplectopteridium Asama 1959

†Bicoemplectopteridium longifolium Kodaira 1930

G. †Bicoemplectopteris Asama 1959

†Bicoemplectopteris hallei Asama 1959

G. †Delnortea Mamay et al. 1986

†Delnortea abbottiae Mamay et al. 1986

Fm. †Emplectopteridaceae Wagner 1967

G. †Gigantocladus Doweld 2012

†Gigantocladus xyloides Doweld 2012

Invalid names: Acanthocladus xyloides Yang 2006 [objective synonym]

Invalid names: Acanthocladus Yang 2006 [replaced]

G. †Gigantogramme Doweld 2012

†Gigantogramme dengfengensis Doweld 2012

Invalid names: Hallea dengfengensis Yang 2006 [replaced]

Invalid names: Hallea Yang 2006 [replaced]

G. †Gigantonoclea Koidzumi 1936

†Gigantonoclea guizhouensis Gu and Zhi 1974

†Gigantonoclea hallei Gu and Zhi 1974

†Gigantonoclea lagrelii Halle 1927

Fm. †Gigantopteridaceae Koidzumi 1936

G. †Gigantopteris Geyler 1886

†Gigantopteris lagrelii Halle 1927

†Gigantopteris nicotianifolia Doweld 2013

†Gigantopteris nicotinaefolia Zeiller 1907

Invalid names: Megalopteris Schenk 1883 [replaced]

G. †Gothanopteris Koidzumi 1936

†Gothanopteris bosschana Koidzumi 1936

G. †Palaeogoniopteris Koidzumi 1936

†Palaeogoniopteris mengkarangensis Gothan and Jongmans 1935

G. †Tricoemplectopteris Asama 1959

†Tricoemplectopteris taiyuanensis Asama 1959

G. †Zeilleropteris Koidzumi 1936

†Zeilleropteris yunnanensis Koidzumi 1936

Ph. Ginkgophyta Bessey 1907

G. †Adiantophyllum Langeron 1899

†Adiantophyllum reticulatum Langeron 1899

G. †Biarmobaiera Zalessky 1939

†Biarmobaiera uralensis Zalessky 1939

G. †Culgoweria Florin 1936

†Culgoweria mirabilis Florin 1936

G. †Dicranophyllum Grand'Eury 1900

†Dicranophyllum gallicum Grand'Eury 1877

G. †Furcifolium Kraeusel 1943

†Furcifolium longifolium Seward 1943

G. †Ginkganthus Nathorst 1899

G. †Ginkgoites Seward 1919

†Ginkgoites crassipes Feistmantel 1877

†Ginkgoites feistmantelii Bose and Sukh-Dev 1959

†Ginkgoites goiraensis Maheshwari and Banerji 1978

†Ginkgoites obovata Nathorst 1919

†Ginkgoites patagonicus Villar de Seoane et al. 2015

†Ginkgoites semirotunda Holmes 1982

†Ginkgoites skottsbergii Lundblad 1971

†Ginkgoites villardeseoanii Andruchow-Colombo et al. 2022

Cl. Ginkgoopsida Engler 1897

G. †Asterophyllum Schimper 1869

†Asterophyllum furcatum Lindley and Hutton 1837

Or. Calamopityales

Fm. †Calamopityaceae Scott 1909

G. †Calamopitys Unger 1856

G. †Calamopteris Unger 1856

G. †Calamosyrinx Unger 1856

G. †Deltasperma Long 1961

G. †Endoxylon Scott 1925

G. †Eosperma Barnard 1959

G. †Kalymma Unger 1856

G. †Lyrasperma Long 1960

G. †Stenomyelon Kidston 1909

G. †Diichnia Read 1936

†Diichnia kentuckiensis Read 1936

Or. †Callistophytales

Unr. †Callistophytaceae

G. †Angarocarpus Radczenko 1955

G. †Callandrium Stidd and Hall 1970

G. †Callistophyton Delevoryas and Morgan 1954

G. †Callospermarion Eggert and Delevoryas 1960

G. †Dicksonites Sterzel 1883

G. †Eremopteris Schimper 1869

G. †Gondwanotheca Neuburg 1948

G. †Idanothekion Millay and Eggert 1970

G. †Paragondwanidium Meyen 1967

Invalid names: Cornucarpaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]

Or. †Caytoniales

G. †Amphorispermum Harris 1932

†Amphorispermum ellipticum Harris 1932

Fm. †Caytoniaceae

G. †Caytonia Thomas 1925

G. †Sagenopteris Presl 1838

Invalid names: Phyllopteris Brongniart 1849 [synonym]

G. †Gristhorpia Thomas 1925

†Gristhorpia nathorsti Thomas 1925

G. †Microcheiris Harris 1935

†Microcheiris enigma Harris 1935

G. †Pseudosagenopteris Potonie 1900

G. †Scoresbya Harris 1932

†Scoresbya dentata Harris 1932

G. †Vitreisporites Leschik 1955

†Vitreisporites pallidus Nilsson 1958

†Vitreisporites pustulosus Regali 1987

†Vitreisporites rajmahalensis Sah and Jain 1965

†Vitreisporites signatus Leschik 1956

Or. †Czekanowskiales Pant 1957

G. †Arctobaiera Florin 1936

†Arctobaiera flettii Florin 1936

G. †Czekanowskia Heer 1876

†Czekanowskia capillaris Newberry 1895

†Czekanowskia dichotoma Heer 1868

†Czekanowskia nervosa Heer 1881

†Czekanowskia setacea Heer 1876

G. †Hartzia Harris 1935

†Hartzia tenuis Harris 1935

G. †Ixostrobus Raciborski 1891

†Ixostrobus siemiradzkii Raciborski 1891

G. †Leptostrobus Heer 1876

†Leptostrobus alatus Ward 1899

†Leptostrobus laxiflora Heer 1876

†Leptostrobus longifolius Berry 1911

†Leptostrobus mariposensis Fontaine 1900

†Leptostrobus multiflorus Fontaine 1889

†Leptostrobus ovalis Ward 1905

G. †Phoenicopsis Heer 1876

†Phoenicopsis angustifolia Heer 1876

†Phoenicopsis elongatus Morris 1845

†Phoenicopsis speciosa Heer 1876

†Phoenicopteris croizeti Lapparent 1883

G. †Solenites Lindley and Hutton 1834

†Solenites baishanensis Li et al. 2015

†Solenites gracilis Li et al. 2015

†Solenites murrayana Lindley and Hutton 1834

G. †Sphenarion Harris

G. †Dactylophyllum Read 1934

†Dactylophyllum johnsoni Read 1934

Or. Ephedrales Dumortier 1829

G. †Amphiephedra Miki 1964

†Amphiephedra rhamnoides Miki 1964

Fm. Ephedraceae Dumortier 1829 [jointfir]

G. Ephedra Linnaeus 1753

G. †Ephedrites Göppert and Berendt 1845

G. †Ephedripites Bolkhovitina and Potonié 1958

Subg. †Ephedripites (Distachyapites) Krutzsch 1961

†Ephedripites ambiguus Hedlund 1966

†Ephedripites barghoornii Morgan 1978

†Ephedripites caichiguensis Narváez and Sabino 2008

†Ephedripites costaliferous Brenner 1968

†Ephedripites dentatus Kar 1968

†Ephedripites dudarensis Deak 1962

†Ephedripites ellipticus Kar 1968

†Ephedripites fissuratus Phillips 1971

†Ephedripites irregularis Herngreen 1973

†Ephedripites jansonii Muller 1968

†Ephedripites macistriatus Dolby 1976

†Ephedripites montanaensis Brenner 1968

†Ephedripites multicostatus Brenner 1963

†Ephedripites notensis Cookson 1957

†Ephedripites ovalis Müller 1968

†Ephedripites patapscoensis Brenner 1963

†Ephedripites pentacostatus Brenner 1968

†Ephedripites regularis van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1964

†Ephedripites strigatus Brenner 1968

†Ephedripites translucidus Deák and Combaz 1967

†Ephedripites vanegensis Van der Hammen and Garcia de Mutis 1966

†Ephedripites virginiaensis Brenner 1963

†Ephedripites zaklinskaiae Azéma and Boltenhagen 1974

G. †Equisetosporites Daugherty 1941

†Equisetosporites albertensis Singh 1964

†Equisetosporites ambiguous Singh 1983

†Equisetosporites ambiguus Hedlund 1966

†Equisetosporites caichiguensis Volkheimer and Quattrocchio 1975

†Equisetosporites cancellatus Paden et al. 1971

†Equisetosporites certus Schrank 2010

†Equisetosporites chinleana Pocock 1964

†Equisetosporites claricristatus Barreda 1997

†Equisetosporites concinnus Singh 1964

†Equisetosporites costaliferous Lima 1980

†Equisetosporites dudarensis de Lima 1980

†Equisetosporites elegans de Lima 1980

†Equisetosporites elongatus Lima 1980

†Equisetosporites evidens Bolkhovitina 1980

†Equisetosporites fragilis Lima 1980

†Equisetosporites huguesii Pocock 1962

†Equisetosporites irregularis Herngreen 1973

†Equisetosporites lanceolatus de Lima 1980

†Equisetosporites laticostatus de Lima 1980

†Equisetosporites lawalii Schrank and Mahmoud 2000

†Equisetosporites leptomatus de Lima 1980

†Equisetosporites luridus de Lima 1980

†Equisetosporites lusaticus Barreda 1997

†Equisetosporites maculosus Dino 1994

†Equisetosporites minuticostatus Lima 1980

†Equisetosporites multicostatus Norris 1967

†Equisetosporites notensis Romero 1977

†Equisetosporites ovatus Singh 1964

†Equisetosporites procerus Brenner 1968

†Equisetosporites strigatus Lima 1980

†Equisetosporites subcircularis Lima 1980

†Equisetosporites tortuosus Madler 1964

†Equisetosporites virginiaensis Allen 1977

G. †Regalipollenites de Lima 1980 [elaterate]

†Regalipollenites amphoriformis de Lima 1980 [elaterate]

Or. Ginkgoales Goroschankin 1904

G. †Baieroxylon Greguss 1961

†Baieroxylon cicatricum Prasad and Lele 1984

†Baieroxylon graminovillae Zimmerman 1953

†Baieroxylon implexum Zimmermann 1953

†Baieroxylon multiseriale Prasad 1982

†Baieroxylon rocablanquense Gnaedinger 2012

G. †Bavaricutis Roselt and Schneider 1969

†Bavaricutis angustiora Roselt and Schenider 1969

G. †Caucasia Anisimova 1973

†Caucasia ginkgophylloides Anisimova 1973

G. †Eoginkgoites Bock 1952

†Eoginkgoites sectoralis Bock 1952

G. †Eretmophyllum Thomas 1914

†Eretmophyllum pubescens Thomas 1914

G. †Euryspatha Prinada 1956

†Euryspatha rarinervis Prinada 1956

Fm. †Ginkgoaceae Engler

G. †Baiera Braun 1843

G. †Baierophyllites Jain and Delevoryas 1967

G. †Esterella Boersma and Visscher 1969

G. Ginkgo Linnaeus 1771 [ginkgo]

Invalid names: Salisburia Ettinghausen and Gardner 1879 [synonym]

G. †Ginkgoitocladus Krasilov 1972

G. †Stachyopitys Schenk 1867

G. †Ginkgoxylon Saporta 1884

†Ginkgoxylon asiaemediae Khudaiberdyev 1962

†Ginkgoxylon dixitii Biradar and Mahabale 1978

G. †Gondwanophyton Maithy 1974

†Gondwanophyton indicum Maithy 1974

G. †Handapaphyllum Chandra and Singh 1988

†Handapaphyllum indicum Chandra and Singh 1988

G. †Permophyllum Zalessky 1937

†Permophyllum incisum Zalessky 1937

G. †Phyllotenia Salfeld 1909

†Phyllotenia longifolia Salfeld 1909

G. †Pseudoginkgo Velenovsky and Viniklar 1926

†Pseudoginkgo bohemica Velenovsky and Viniklar 1926

Fm. †Pseudotorelliaceae

G. †Burejospermum Krasilov 1972

G. †Umaltolepis Krasilov 1972

G. †Sphenobaiera Florin 1936

†Sphenobaiera africana Baldoni 1980

†Sphenobaiera argentinae Kurtz 1894

Invalid names: Baiera taeniata Geinitz 1876 [synonym]

†Sphenobaiera chilensis Florin 1940

†Sphenobaiera granulifer Sixtel 1962

†Sphenobaiera janarensis Pal 1984

†Sphenobaiera pontifolia Anderson and Anderson 1989

†Sphenobaiera spectabilis Nathorst 1936

†Sphenobaiera tenuifolia Johnston 1887

†Sphenobaiera ugotheriensis Holmes 1982

Fm. †Toretziaceae Stanislavsky 1973

G. †Toretzia Stanislavsky 1973

G. †Windwardia Florin 1936

†Windwardia crookallii Florin 1936

Invalid names: Schmeissneriaceae [empty], Umaltolepidiaceae [empty]

Or. †Karkeniales Doweld 2001

Fm. †Karkeniaceae Krassilov 1972

G. †Karkenia Archangelsky 1965

G. †Kiritchkovia Doweld 2013

†Kiritchkovia aksarinii Doweld 2013

Invalid names: Sibiriella aksarinii Kiritchkova and Kostina 2005 [replaced]

†Kiritchkovia koltogorica Doweld 2013

Invalid names: Sibiriella koltogorica Kiritchkova and Kostina 2005 [replaced]

Invalid names: Sibiriella Kiritchkova and Kostina 2005 [replaced]

Or. †Leptostrobales

Invalid names: Iraniaceae [empty], Leptostrobaceae [empty]

G. †Linguifolium Arber 1913

†Linguifolium arctum Menendez 1951

†Linguifolium curvatum Bose and Banerji 1984

†Linguifolium lilleanum Arber 1913

†Linguifolium steinmannii Solms-Laubach 1899

Or. †Pentoxylales

G. †Carnoconites Srivastava 1944

†Carnoconites compactum Srivastava 1944

†Carnoconites rajmahalensis Wieland 1911

G. †Nipaniophyllum Sahni 1948

†Nipaniophyllum raoi Sahni 1948

G. †Nipanioxylon Srivastava 1944

†Nipanioxylon guptai Srivastava 1944

G. †Pentoxylon Srivastava 1944

†Pentoxylon sahnii Srivastava 1944

G. †Sahnia Vishnu-Mittre 1953

†Sahnia nipaniensis Vishnu-Mittre 1953

Invalid names: Pentoxylaceae [empty]

Subcl. †Umaltolepididae Doweld 2001

Invalid names: Umaltolepidales Doweld 2001 [empty]

G. †Ginkgophyllum Saporta 1875

†Ginkgophyllum grasseti Saporta 1875

†Ginkgophyllum haydenii Seward 1912

†Ginkgophyllum sahnii Ganju 1943

G. †Ginkgophyton Zalessky 1918

G. †Ginkgophyton Matthew 1910

†Ginkgophyton leavitti Matthew 1910

G. †Ginkgopsis Zalessky 1918

†Ginkgopsis ezekanowskii Schmalhausen 1918

G. †Glossopteropsis Zalessky 1918

†Glossopteropsis angarica Zalessky 1918

G. †Glottophyllum Zalessky 1912

†Glottophyllum cuneatum Zalessky 1912

G. †Hildesheimia Florin 1936

†Hildesheimia salfeldi Lipps 1936

G. †Idelopteris Zalessky 1929

†Idelopteris elegans Zalessky 1929

G. †Jeanpaulia Unger 1845

†Jeanpaulia dichotoma Braun 1843

G. †Kirkoria Zalessky 1937

†Kirkoria multifida Zalessky 1937

G. †Phylladodesme Zalessky 1929

†Phylladodesme zeilleri Zalessky 1929

G. †Psygmophyllum Schimper 1870

†Psygmophyllum flabellatum Lindley and Hutton 1832

†Psygmophyllum hollandii Seward 1907

G. †Rhipidopsis Schmalhausen 1879

†Rhipidopsis densinervis Feistmantel 1881

†Rhipidopsis gondwanensis Seward 1919

Invalid names: Rhipidopsis ginkgoides Schmalhausen 1879 [replaced]

G. †Sidhiphyllites Srivastava 1984

†Sidhiphyllites flabellatus Srivastava 1984

G. †Staphidiophora Harris 1935

†Staphidiophora secunda Harris 1935

G. †Stephanophyllum Florin 1936

†Stephanophyllum solmsi Seward 1936

G. †Zonarides Schimper 1869

†Zonarides digitatus Brongniart 1869

G. †Lusatisporis Krutzsch 1963

†Lusatisporis choiols Perez Loinaze et al. 2023

Ph. †Lycophyta

G. †Acanthotriletes Potonié and Kremp 1954

†Acanthotriletes baskoensis Sah and Jain 1965

†Acanthotriletes ciliatus Knox 1950

†Acanthotriletes filiformis Balme and Hennelly 1965

†Acanthotriletes jhariensis Kar 1968

†Acanthotriletes offshorensis Mathur and Chopra 1982

†Acanthotriletes tereteangulatus Balme and Hennelly 1970

†Acanthotriletes varispinosus Pocock 1962

G. †Annalepis Fliche 1910

Subg. †Annalepis (Tomiostrobus) Neuburg 1936

†Annalepis (Tomiostrobus) leae Dobruskina 1995

†Annalepis zeilleri Fliche 1910

G. †Bacutriletes Van der Hammen 1955

†Bacutriletes cutchensis Singh et al. 1964

†Bacutriletes dijkstrae Singh et al. 1964

†Bacutriletes guttula Archangelsky and Villar de Seoane 1991

†Bacutriletes triangulatus Taylor and Taylor 1988

G. †Carinostrobus Baxter 1971

†Carinostrobus foresmani Baxter 1971

Unr. †Drepanophycales

G. †Lidasimophyton Senkevich 1961

†Lidasimophyton akkermensis Senkevich 1961

G. †Erlansonisporites Potonié 1956

†Erlansonisporites mineri Sukh-Dev 1961

†Erlansonisporites sparassis Potonié 1956

†Erlansonisporites verrucatus Villar de Seoane and Archangelsky 2008

G. †Ferganodendron Dobruskina 1974

†Ferganodendron sauktangensis Sixtel 1962

G. †Guycampbellia Hoskins and Cross 1951

†Guycampbellia microphylla Read and Campbell 1939

G. †Horstisporites Potonié 1956

G. †Hughesisporites Potonié 1956

†Hughesisporites patagonicus Taylor and Taylor 1988

Fm. †Lepidocarpaceae

G. †Achlamydocarpon Schumacker-Lambry 1966

†Achlamydocarpon belgicum Schumacker-Lambry 1966

G. †Lepidocystis Lesquereux 1880

†Lepidocystis pectinatus Lesquereux 1880

Or. †Lepidodendrales

Fm. †Lepidodendraceae

G. †Aspidiopsis Potonie 1893

†Aspidiopsis coniferoides Potonie 1893

G. †Bergeria Presl 1838

†Bergeria acuta Presl 1838

G. †Lepidodendron Sternberg 1820

†Lepidodendron aculeatum Sternberg 1820

†Lepidodendron batovii Chachlov 1948

†Lepidodendron gundensis Pal 1978

†Lepidodendron obovatum Sternberg 1820

Invalid names: Aspidiaria Presl 1838 [synonym], Sagenaria Brongniart 1822 [synonym]

G. †Lepidophloios Sternberg 1825

†Lepidophloios laricinus Sternberg 1820

Invalid names: Lepidofloyos Sternberg 1825 [replaced]

G. †Lepidophylloides Snigirevskaya 1958

†Lepidophylloides aciculum Reed 1941

†Lepidophylloides intermedium Lindley and Hutton 1831

G. †Lepidostrobophyllum Hirmer 1927

†Lepidostrobophyllum maius Brongniart 1927

G. †Lychnophorites Martius 1822

†Lychnophorites dichotomus Sternberg 1820

G. †Phillipsia Presl 1838

†Phillipsia harcourtii Witham 1833

G. †Lycopogenia Read 1936

†Lycopogenia callicyrta Read 1936

Invalid names: Diaphorodendraceae [empty]

G. †Pleuromeiopsis Sixtel 1962

†Pleuromeiopsis kryshtofovichii Sixtel 1962

Unr. †Protolepidodendrales Kenrick and Crane 1997

Fm. †Haskinsiaceae Grierson and Banks 1983

G. †Haskinsia Berry and Edwards 1996

†Haskinsia sagittata Edwards and Benedetto 1985

G. †Protolepidodendron Krejci 1880

G. †Pseudolepidodendropsis Schweitzer 1969

†Pseudolepidodendropsis carneggianum Nathorst 1902

Invalid names: Cyclostigma minutum Haughton 1871 [synonym]

Fm. †Sigillariaceae

G. †Calamosyrinx Petzholdt 1841

†Calamosyrinx zwickaviensis Petzholdt 1841

G. †Clathraria Brongniart 1822

†Clathraria brardii Brongniart 1822

G. †Dictyoxylon Brongniart 1872

G. †Euphorbites Martius 1822

†Euphorbites cicatricosus Martius 1822

G. †Mazocarpon Scott 1907

†Mazocarpon shorense Benson 1918

G. †Mesosigillaria Weiss and Sterzel 1893

†Mesosigillaria lepidodendrifolia Brongniart 1836

G. †Presigillaria Novik 1968

†Presigillaria jongmansii Novik 1968

G. †Pseudosyringodendron Grand'Eury 1890

†Pseudosyringodendron pachyderma Brongniart 1836

G. †Rhytidolepis Sternberg 1822

†Rhytidolepis ocellata Sternberg 1822

G. †Sigillaria Brongniart 1822

†Sigillaria scutellata Brongniart 1822

Invalid names: Favularia Sternberg 1825 [synonym]

G. †Sigillarioides Lesquereux 1870

†Sigillarioides radicans Lesquereux 1870

G. †Sigillariophyllum Grand'Eury 1877

G. †Sigillariopsis Renault 1879

†Sigillariopsis decaisnei Renault 1879

G. †Stemmatopteris Corda 1845

†Stemmatopteris peltigera Brongniart 1828

G. †Syringodendron Sternberg 1820

†Syringodendron organum Sternberg 1820

G. †Wexfordia Matten 1989

†Wexfordia hookense Matten 1989

Invalid names: Pleuromeiales [empty]

Ph. †Progymnospermophyta Lang 1925

G. †Actinoxylon Matten 1968

†Actinoxylon banksii Matten 1968

G. †Arctophyton Schweitzer 1968

†Arctophyton gracile Schweitzer 1968

G. †Proteokalon Scheckler and Banks 1971

†Proteokalon petryi Scheckler and Banks 1971

G. †Rellimia Leclercq and Bonamo 1973

†Rellimia thomsonii Lang 1926

Ph. †Psilophytophyta Zimmermann 1930

G. †Acanthophyton Dawson 1862

†Acanthophyton spinosum Dawson 1862

G. †Arthrostigma Dawson 1871

†Arthrostigma gracile Dawson 1871

G. †Barrandeina Stur 1882

†Barrandeina dusliana Krejci 1882

G. †Drepanophycus Göppert 1852

†Drepanophycus gaspianus Dawson 1859

Invalid names: Cyclostigma densifolium Dawson 1871 [synonym]

†Drepanophycus spinaeformis Goeppert 1852

G. †Eogaspesiea Daber 1960

†Eogaspesiea gracilis Daber 1960

G. †Hedeia Cookson 1935

†Hedeia corymbosa Cookson 1935

G. †Hicklingia Kidston and Lang 1923

†Hicklingia edwardi Kidston and Lang 1923

G. †Himantophyton Matthew 1913

†Himantophyton castorense Matthew 1913

G. †Hornea Kidston and Lang 1920

G. †Horneophyton Barghoorn and Darrah 1938

†Horneophyton lignieri Kidston and Lang 1920

G. †Hostinella Barrande 1882

†Hostinella hostinensis Barrande 1882

Invalid names: Hostimella Obrhel 1961 [objective synonym]

G. †Niayssia Zalessky 1937

†Niayssia plumata Zalessky 1937

G. †Polyxylon Read and Campbell 1939

†Polyxylon elegans Read and Campbell 1939

G. †Psilodendrion Hoeg 1942

†Psilodendrion spinulosum Hoeg 1942

G. †Psilophytites Hoeg 1952

Cl. †Psilophytopsida Kidston and Lang 1917

Or. †Psilophytales Pia 1924

G. †Arachnoxylon Read 1938

†Arachnoxylon kopfi Arnold 1938

G. †Barsassia Zalessky 1933

†Barsassia ornata Zalessky 1933

G. †Cooksonia Lang 1937

†Cooksonia hemisphaerica Lang 1937

†Cooksonia pertoni Lang 1937

G. †Dicranophyton Zalessky 1937

†Dicranophyton niayssiense Zalessky 1937

G. †Distichophytum Maegdefrau 1938

†Distichophytum mucronatum Maegdefrau 1938

G. †Dutoitia Hoeg 1930

†Dutoitia pulchra Hoeg 1931

G. †Gilboaphyton Arnold 1937

†Gilboaphyton goldringiae Arnold 1937

G. †Gosslingia Heard 1927

†Gosslingia breconensis Heard 1927

G. †Legrandia Stockmans 1968

†Legrandia sporangifera Stockmans 1968

G. †Lerichea Stockmans 1968

†Lerichea krystofovitchii Stockmans 1968

G. †Loganiella Stolley 1926

†Loganiella canadensis Stolley 1925

Invalid names: Logania Stolley 1925 [replaced]

G. †Loganophyton Kraeusel and Weyland 1961

†Loganophyton dawsoni Kraeusel and Weyland 1961

G. †Niayssioidea Stockmans 1968

†Niayssioidea belgica Stockmans 1968

G. †Orestovia Ergolskaia 1936

†Orestovia devonica Ergolskaia 1936

G. †Paulophyton Dolianiti 1954

†Paulophyton sommeri Dolianiti 1954

G. †Pseudosporochnus Potonie and Bernard 1903

†Pseudosporochnus krejcii Potonie and Bernard 1903

Fm. †Psilophytaceae Hirmer 1927

G. †Psilophyton Dawson 1859

G. †Rhynia Kidston and Lang 1917

†Rhynia gwynnevaughani Kidston and Lang 1917

G. †Sacheocladus Zalessky 1937

†Sacheocladus ambiguus Zalessky 1937

Fm. †Trimerophytaceae Bierhorst 1971

G. †Trimerophyton Hopping 1956

G. †Wattieza Stockmans 1968

†Wattieza givetiana Stockmans 1968

Invalid names: Trimerophytales Kasper et al. 1974 [synonym]

Invalid names: Trimerophytopsida Foster and Gifford 1974 [synonym]

G. †Psilotiphyllum Potonie 1891

†Psilotiphyllum bifidum Geinitz 1891

G. †Reimannia Arnold 1935

†Reimannia aldenense Arnold 1935

G. †Reimanniopsis Hoskins and Cross 1951

†Reimanniopsis indianensis Read and Campbell 1939

G. †Serrulacaulis Hueber 1961

†Serrulacaulis furcatus Hueber 1961

G. †Stolbergia Fairon 1967

†Stolbergia spiralis Fairon 1967

G. †Svalbardia Hoeg 1942

†Svalbardia polymorpha Hoeg 1942

G. †Taeniocrada White 1902

†Taeniocrada latissima Senkevitsch 1978

†Taeniocrada lesquereuxi White 1902

Invalid names: Haliserites dechenianus Goeppert 1893 [replaced]

†Taeniocrada pilosa Senkevitsch 1978

G. †Tomiphyton Zalessky 1937

†Tomiphyton primaevum Zalessky 1937

Invalid names: Trimerophytophyta Bold 1973 [synonym]

Ph. †Pteridospermophyta

G. †Albertlongia Taylor 1967

†Albertlongia incostata Taylor 1967

G. †Angaropteris Chachlov and Pollak 1936

†Angaropteris glossopteroides Schmalhausen 1936

G. †Aulacotheca Halle 1933

†Aulacotheca elongata Kidston 1933

G. †Bardia Zalessky 1933

†Bardia maueri Zalessky 1933

G. †Bilignea Kidston 1923

†Bilignea solida Kidston 1923

G. †Boulaya Carpentier 1925

†Boulaya fertilis Kidston 1933

G. †Brongniartites Zalessky 1927

†Brongniartites salicifolius Fischer 1927

Or. †Buteoxylonales

G. †Buteoxylon Barnard and Long 1973

†Buteoxylon gordonianum Barnard and Long 1973

G. †Calathiops Goeppert 1865

†Calathiops beinertiana Goeppert 1865

G. †Calathospermum Walton 1940

†Calathospermum scoticum Walton 1940

Invalid names: Megatheca Andrews 1940 [synonym]

G. †Calymmatotheca Stur 1877

†Calymmatotheca stangeri Stur 1877

G. †Camptosperma Long 1961

†Camptosperma berniciense Long 1961

G. †Canipa Skog 1969

†Canipa quadrifida Skog 1969

G. †Cephalopteris Nathorst 1914

†Cephalopteris mirabilis Nathorst 1914

G. †Chapelia Beck and Bailey 1967

†Chapelia campbellii Beck and Bailey 1967

G. †Codonotheca Sellards 1903

†Codonotheca caduca Sellards 1903

G. †Coseleya Kidston 1914

†Coseleya glomerata Kidston 1914

G. †Crossotheca Zeiller 1883

†Crossotheca crepini Zeiller 1883

G. †Dictyoxylon Williamson 1869

†Dictyoxylon oldhamium Binney 1869

G. †Dimeripteris Schmalhausen 1894

†Dimeripteris fasciculata Schmalhausen 1894

G. †Diplotheca Kidston 1903

†Diplotheca stellata Kidston 1903

G. †Diplothmema Stur 1877

†Diplothmema gothanica Iannuzzi and Pfefferkorn 2002

†Diplothmema patentissimum Ettingshausen 1875

G. †Dolichosperma Long 1961

†Dolichosperma sexangulatum Long 1961

G. †Eccroutosperma Long 1961

†Eccroutosperma langtonense Long 1961

G. †Eltovaria White 1929

†Eltovaria bursiformis White 1929

G. †Emplectopteris Halle 1927

†Emplectopteris triangularis Halle 1927

G. †Eurystoma Long 1960

†Eurystoma angulare Long 1960

G. †Geminitheca Smith 1959

†Geminitheca scotia Smith 1959

G. †Genomosperma Long 1960

†Genomosperma kidstoni Calder 1938

G. †Gimmia Remy 1953

†Gimmia unilatera Remy 1953

G. †Girtya Read 1955

†Girtya pennsylvanica Read 1955

Fm. †Glossophyllaceae Dobruskina 1982

G. †Caytonanthus Harris 1937

†Caytonanthus arberi Thomas 1925

G. †Leuthardtia Kraüsel and Schaarschmidt 1966

†Leuthardtia ovalis Kraeusel and Schaarschmidt 1966

G. †Gnetopsis Renault and Zeiller 1884

†Gnetopsis elliptica Renault and Zeiller 1884

G. †Goldenbergia Halle 1933

G. †Halletheca Taylor 1971

†Halletheca reticulatus Taylor 1971

G. †Heterangium Corda 1845

†Heterangium paradoxum Corda 1845

G. †Heterotheca Benson 1922

†Heterotheca grievii Benson 1922

G. †Hoegia Townrow 1957

†Hoegia papillata Townrow 1957

G. †Hydrasperma Long 1961

†Hydrasperma tenuis Long 1961

G. †Hymenotheca Potonie 1890

†Hymenotheca beyschlagi Potonie 1890

G. †Ilfeldia Remy 1953

†Ilfeldia jejunata Grand'Eury 1877

G. †Jongmansis Plumstead 1958

†Jongmansis transvaalensis Plumstead 1958

G. †Kegelidium Dolianiti 1954

†Kegelidium lamegoi Dolianiti 1954

G. †Kurtziana Frenguelli 1942

†Kurtziana cacheutensis Kurtz 1921

G. †Lacoea Read 1946

†Lacoea seriata Read 1946

G. †Lagenospermum Nathorst 1914

†Lagenospermum nitidulum Heer 1914

G. †Lagenostoma Williamson 1876

†Lagenostoma ovoides Williamson 1876

G. †Lithangium Pant and Nautiyal 1960

†Lithangium indicum Pant and Nautiyal 1960

†Lithangium ovoides Pant and Nautiyal 1960

†Lithangium surangei Pant and Nautiyal 1960

G. †Lyginorachis Kidston 1923

†Lyginorachis papilio Kidston 1923

G. †Megaloxylon Seward 1899

†Megaloxylon scotti Seward 1899

G. †Microspermopteris Baxter 1949

†Microspermopteris aphyllum Baxter 1949

G. †Nudospermum Stockmans and Williere 1961

†Nudospermum kidstoni Arber 1905

G. †Nystroemia Halle 1927

†Nystroemia pectiniformis Halle 1927

G. †Ootheca Nathorst 1914

†Ootheca nordenskioldii Nathorst 1914

G. †Paracalathiops Remy 1953

†Paracalathiops stachei Stur 1877

G. †Paragonorrachis Grand'Eury 1877

†Paragonorrachis gutbieriana Presl 1838

G. †Perezlaria Delevoryas and Gould 1971

†Perezlaria oaxacensis Delevoryas and Gould 1971

G. †Periastron Unger 1856

†Periastron reticulatum Unger 1856

G. †Physostoma Williamson 1876

†Physostoma elegans Williamson 1876

Invalid names: Lagenostoma physoides Williamson 1876 [synonym], Sporocarpon ornatus Williamson 1880 [synonym]

G. †Potoniea Zeiller 1899

†Potoniea adiantiformis Zeiller 1899

G. †Pteridozamites Corsin 1929

†Pteridozamites zamioides Bertrand 1929

G. †Rhetinangium Gordon 1912

†Rhetinangium arberi Gordon 1912

G. †Rhetinotheca Leisman and Peters 1970

†Rhetinotheca tetrasolenata Leisman and Peters 1970

G. †Rotodontiospermum Arnold and Steidtmann 1937

†Rotodontiospermum illinoense Arnold and Steidtmann 1937

G. †Runcaria Stockmans 1968

†Runcaria heinzelinii Stockmans 1968

G. †Salpingostoma Gordon 1941

†Salpingostoma dasu Gordon 1941

G. †Schopfiastrum Andrews 1945

†Schopfiastrum decussatum Andrews 1945

G. †Schopfitheca Delevoryas 1964

†Schopfitheca boulayoides Delevoryas 1964

G. †Simplotheca Remy and Remy 1955

†Simplotheca silesiaca Remy and Remy 1955

G. †Spermolithus Johnson 1917

†Spermolithus devonicus Johnson 1917

G. †Spermopteris Cridland and Morris 1960

†Spermopteris coriacea Goeppert 1864

G. †Sphaerostoma Benson 1909

†Sphaerostoma ovale Williamson 1909

G. †Sphenoxylon Read 1937

†Sphenoxylon eupunctata Thomas 1935

G. †Stamnostoma Long 1960

†Stamnostoma huttonense Long 1960

G. †Staphylotheca Smith 1962

†Staphylotheca kilpatrickensis Smith 1962

G. †Stenokoleos Hoskins and Cross 1951

†Stenokoleos setchelli Read and Campbell 1939

G. †Syncrama Holden 1955

†Syncrama liratum Holden 1955

G. †Tantallosperma Barnard and Long 1973

†Tantallosperma setigera Barnard and Long 1973

G. †Telangium Benson 1904

†Telangium scotti Benson 1904

G. †Tetrastichia Gordon 1938

†Tetrastichia bupartides Gordon 1938

G. †Tristichia Long 1961

†Tristichia ovensi Long 1961

G. †Tyliosperma Mamay 1954

†Tyliosperma orbiculatum Mamay 1954

G. †Unguitheca Remy 1953

†Unguitheca pecopteroides Remy 1953

G. †Utkalia Chandra 1984

†Utkalia dichotoma Chandra 1984

G. †Whittleseya Newberry 1853

†Whittleseya elegans Newberry 1853

G. †Yakia White 1929

†Yakia heterophylla White 1929

G. †Zimmermannitheca Remy and Remy 1959

†Zimmermannitheca cupulaeformis Remy and Remy 1959

Ph. †Sphenophyta

Fm. †Apocalamitaceae Andrews 1970

G. †Angarotheca Chachlov 1948

†Angarotheca originalis Chachlov 1948

G. †Neocalamostachys Kon'no 1962

†Neocalamostachys pedunculatus Bureau 1964

†Neocalamostachys sharovii Dobruskina 1995

Cl. †Sphenopsida

G. †Archaeocalamites Stur 1875

†Archaeocalamites radiatus Brongniart 1875

G. †Bengalia Maheshwari et al. 1988

†Bengalia raniganjensis Maheshwari et al. 1988

G. †Brukmannia Sternberg 1825

†Brukmannia tenuifolia Sternberg 1825

G. †Calamospora Schopf et al.

†Calamospora aplata Bharadwaj and Salujha 1964

†Calamospora exila Bharadwaj and Salujha 1964

†Calamospora mesozoica Couper 1958

†Calamospora multiplicata Menendez and Azcuy 1969

†Calamospora rotata Salujha 1965

G. †Carpannularia Elias 1931

†Carpannularia americana Elias 1931

G. †Ceratophyllites Unger 1845

†Ceratophyllites faujasii Brongniart 1822

G. †Endocalamites Grand'Eury 1877

G. †Eupalaeostachya Ishchenko 1965

†Eupalaeostachya devonica Ishchenko 1965

G. †Kallostachys Brush and Barghoorn 1955

†Kallostachys scottii Brush and Barghoorn 1955

Fm. †Lilpopiaceae Conert and Schaarschmidt 1970

G. †Lilpopia Conert and Schaarschmidt 1970

†Lilpopia raciborskii Lilpop 1937

Invalid names: Tristachya Lilpop 1937 [replaced]

G. †Lobatannularia Kawasaki 1927

†Lobatannularia ensifolia Halle 1927

Invalid names: Kashmiropteris meyenii Kapoor 1977 [synonym], Kawizophyllum dunpathriensis Kapoor 1977 [synonym]

†Lobatannularia inequifolia Tokunaga 1927

†Lobatannularia lingulata Halle 1927

†Lobatannularia sinensis Halle 1927

Invalid names: Annularites Halle 1927 [synonym], Kashmiropteris Kapoor 1977 [synonym], Kawizophyllum Kapoor 1977 [synonym]

G. †Paracalamites Zalessky 1927

†Paracalamites striatus Schmalhausen 1927

G. †Prynadaia Sixtel 1956

†Prynadaia madygenica Sixtel 1956

G. †Sphenostrobus Levittan and Barghoorn 1948

†Sphenostrobus thompsonii Levittan and Barghoorn 1948

G. †Sphondylophyton Schultes and Dorf 1938

†Sphondylophyton hyenioides Schultes and Dorf 1938

Invalid names: Equisetinae [empty]

Ph. †Zosterophyllophyta Bold 1973

G. †Kaulangiophyton Gensel and Kasper 1969

†Kaulangiophyton akantha Gensel and Kasper 1969

Cl. †Zosterophyllopsida Foster and Gifford 1974

G. †Barinophyton White 1905

†Barinophyton richardsoni White 1905

Or. †Cooksoniales Doweld 2001

G. †Eocooksonia Doweld 2000

†Eocooksonia sphaerica Doweld 2000

Invalid names: Cooksonella sphaerica Senkevitsch 1978 [objective synonym]

Invalid names: Cooksonella Senkevitsch 1978 [replaced]

Unr. †Sawdoniales

Invalid names: Barinophytaceae [empty], Gosslingiaceae [empty], Hsuaceae [empty], Sawdoniaceae [empty]

Or. †Zosterophyllales Bierhorst 1971

G. †Swadonia Hueber 1971

†Swadonia ornata Dawson 1871

Invalid names: Renaliaceae Doweld 2001 [empty]

Invalid names: Zosterophyllophyceae [replaced]

Invalid names: Antherocerotophyta [empty], Hermanophytales [empty], Iraniales [empty]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

No ecological data are available

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Homerian to the top of the Holocene or 430.50000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 427.4 Ma

Collections (4616 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Paleozoic - Triassic	538.8 - 201.4	Chile (Ovalle)	Taeniopteris sp. (222433)
Silurian	443.8 - 419.2	Czech Republic (Bohemia)	Cooksonia sp. (20759) Taeniocrada sp. (20890)
Silurian	443.8 - 419.2	Norway (Svalbard)	Calamospora nigrata, Taeniocrada spitsbergensis, Hostinella indet. (20839)
Llandovery - Ludlow	443.4 - 423.0	Peru	Harringtonia acutiplicata (25078)
Wenlock	433.4 - 427.4	Argentina	Harringtonia sp. (25096)
Wenlock - Ludlow	433.4 - 423.0	USA (New York)	Hostinella sp. (53832)
Homerian	430.5 - 427.4	Ireland	Cooksonia hemisphaerica, Cooksonia pertoni, Cooksonia sp., Cooksonia cambrensis (10594)
Gorstian	427.4 - 425.6	United Kingdom (Wales)	Cooksonia pertoni, Cooksonia sp., Cooksonia cambrensis, Hostinella sp. (10661)
Ludlow	427.4 - 423.0	Australia (Victoria)	Hedeia gracilis (53660) Zosterophyllales indet., Hedeia sp. (20754)
Gorstian - Pridoli	427.4 - 419.2	Bolivia (Tarija Dept.)	Cooksonia hemisphaerica, Cooksonia pertoni, Hostinella sp. (11172)
Gorstian - Pridoli	427.4 - 419.2	Bolivia (Tarija dept.)	Cooksonia hemisphaerica, Cooksonia pertoni, Cooksonia caledonica, Cooksonia sp., Hostinella sp. (11158)
Ludlow - Pridoli	427.4 - 419.2	Canada (Nunavut)	Distichophytum sp. (10599)
Ludfordian - Pridoli	425.6 - 419.2	United Kingdom (Wales)	Cooksonia sp. (10635)
Ludfordian - Pridoli	425.6 - 419.2	Ukraine	Cooksonia pertonii (14147)
Ludfordian - Silurian	425.6 - 419.2	United Kingdom (Wales)	Cooksonia hemisphaerica, Cooksonia caledonica, Cooksonia downtonensis, Hostinella sp. (10634)
Pridoli	423.0 - 419.2	Ukraine (Podolia)	Cooksonia hemisphaerica, Cooksonia pertoni, Cooksonia sp. 1, Cooksonia sp. 2 (52702)
Pridoli	423.0 - 419.2	China (Xinjiang)	Psilophytites sp., Hostinella sp., Junggaria spinosa, Zosterophyllum sp. (10931)
Pridoli	423.0 - 419.2	Kazakhstan (N of Lake Balkash)	Cooksonella sp. (53609)
Pridoli	423.0 - 419.2	Canada (Ontario)	Cooksonia sp., Hostinella sp. (53825) Hostinella sp. (53830)
Pridoli	423.0 - 419.2	United Kingdom (Wales)	Cooksonia hemisphaerica, Cooksonia pertoni, Cooksonia cambrensis, Cooksonia caledonica, Cooksonia sp., Psilophytites sp., Hostinella sp. (10666)