PBDB Taxon

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Acrotretida

Lingulata - Acrotretida

Taxonomy

Acrotretida was named by Kuhn (1949).

It was assigned to Inarticulata by Brunton and Champion (1974), Mitchell (1977), Holmer (1986) and Bengtson (1992); and to Lingulata by Holmer (1989), Holmer and Popov (1990), Puura and Holmer (1993), Bruton and Harper (2000), Williams et al. (2000), Popov (2000), Sepkoski (2002), Hansen and Holmer (2011), Skovsted et al. (2017) and Cocks (2019).

Subtaxa

Acrotretidina, Acrotretoidea (syn. Acrotretacea), Biernatidae, Eleutherocrania, Ferralstreta, Maruia, Orbiculopora, Pseudometoptoma

Synonyms

Neotremata was named by Beecher (1891).

It was replaced with Acrotretida by Williams et al. (2000).

It was assigned to Brachiopoda by Martin (1904); and to Inarticulata by Hoare (1961).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1891	Neotremata Beecher
1904	Neotremata Martin p. 402
1949	Acrotretida Kuhn
1961	Neotremata Hoare p. 22
1974	Acrotretida Brunton and Champion p. 815
1977	Acrotretida Mitchell
1986	Acrotretida Holmer
1989	Acrotretida Holmer
1990	Acrotretida Holmer and Popov
1992	Acrotretida Bengtson p. 1030
1993	Acrotretida Puura and Holmer
2000	Acrotretida Bruton and Harper
2000	Acrotretida Popov
2000	Acrotretida Williams et al. p. 97
2002	Acrotretida Sepkoski
2011	Acrotretida Hansen and Holmer
2017	Acrotretida Skovsted et al.
2019	Acrotretida Cocks p. 33

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
—	Lophophorata

Rank	Name	Author
—	Panbrachiopoda	Carlson and Cohen 2020
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805
subphylum	Linguliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Lingulata	Gorjansky and Popov 1985
order	Acrotretida	Kuhn 1949
order	Acrotretida	Kuhn 1949

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Acrotretida Kuhn 1949

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Superfm. †Acrotretoidea Schuchert 1893

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G. †Acrothyra Mathew 1901

†Acrothyra bonnia Skovsted et al. 2017

†Acrothyra minor Walcott 1905

†Acrothyra proavia Matthew 1899

†Acrothyra sera Mathew 1902

Fm. †Acrotretidae Schuchert 1893

G. †Acrotreta Kutorga 1848

†Acrotreta argenta Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta attenuata Meek 1873

†Acrotreta baileyi Matthew 1886

†Acrotreta bellatula Walcott 1908

†Acrotreta bisecta Matthew 1901

†Acrotreta calabozoi Lavié 2018

†Acrotreta cancellata Walcott 1905

†Acrotreta claytoni Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta concentrica Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta conula Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta convexa Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta declivis Willard 1928

†Acrotreta definita Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta eggegrundensis Wiman 1903

†Acrotreta emmonsi Walcott 1905

†Acrotreta gemma Billings 1865

†Acrotreta gracia Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta idahoensis Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta idahoensis sulcata Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta inflata Mathew 1886

†Acrotreta kutorgai Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta levata Resser 1939

†Acrotreta liani Walcott 1905

†Acrotreta marjumensis Walcott 1908

†Acrotreta miser Billings 1872

†Acrotreta neboensis Walcott 1905

†Acrotreta nitens Resser 1938

†Acrotreta nox Walcott 1905

†Acrotreta ovalis Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta pacifica Walcott 1905

†Acrotreta parvula Wallerius 1895

†Acrotreta pyxidicula White 1874

†Acrotreta rudis Walcott 1908

†Acrotreta sagittalis Salter 1865

†Acrotreta schmalensei Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta schucherti Lochman 1938

†Acrotreta seebachi Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta shantungensis Walcott 1905

†Acrotreta signalis Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta subconica Kutorga 1848

†Acrotreta subsidua White 1874

†Acrotreta ulrichi Walcott 1908

†Acrotreta uplandensis Wiman 1903

†Lingulella inflata ovalis Mathew 1895

Subfm. †Acrotretinae Schuchert 1893

G. †Talasotreta Holmer et al. 1996

†Talasotreta alta Cooper 1956

†Talasotreta apollonovi Holmer et al. 1996

†Talasotreta deformis Holmer 1989

†Talasotreta gigantea Cooper 1956

†Talasotreta magna Cooper 1956

G. †Amictocracens Henderson and MacKinnon 1981

G. †Anabolotreta Rowell and Henderson 1978

†Anabolotreta diversa Koneva 1986

†Anabolotreta lepida Koneva 1986

G. †Anelotreta Pelman 1986

†Anelotreta magna Pelman 1986

G. †Angulotreta Palmer 1954

†Angulotreta postapicalis Palmer 1954

†Angulotreta triangularis Palmer 1954

G. †Aphelotreta Rowell 1980

†Aphelotreta minuta Rowell 1980

G. †Apsotreta Palmer 1954

†Apsotreta expansa Palmer 1954

†Apsotreta orifera Palmer 1954

G. †Araktina Koneva 1992

†Araktina intermedia Koneva 1992

G. †Brachaktassia Li et al. 2012

†Brachaktassia triangularis Popov 1976

Invalid names: Aktassia Popov 1976 [replaced]

G. †Canthylotreta Rowell 1966

†Canthylotreta atasuica Holmer et al. 2001

G. †Conotreta Walcott 1889

†Conotreta andina Lavié et al. 2019

†Conotreta apicalis Cooper 1956

†Conotreta chernovi Popov 2000

†Conotreta conoidea Reed 1917

†Conotreta convexa Hansen and Holmer 2011

†Conotreta cuspidata Cooper 1956

†Conotreta davidsoni Reed 1917

†Conotreta lepton Williams and Curry 1985

†Conotreta mica Gorjansky 1969

†Conotreta millardensis Popov et al. 2002

†Conotreta orbicularis Holmer 1986

†Conotreta plana Cooper 1956

†Conotreta rusti Walcott 1889

†Conotreta siljanensis Holmer 1989

G. †Cyrtonotreta Holmer 1989

†Cyrtonotreta depressa Cooper 1956

†Cyrtonotreta profilbekkiensis Hansen and Holmer 2011

†Cyrtonotreta spinosa Hansen and Holmer 2011

†Cyrtonotreta striata Holmer 1989

†Cyrtonotreta vasculata Benedetto 2015

†Cyrtonotreta vestrogothica Holmer 1989

G. †Dactylotreta Rowell and Henderson 1978

†Dactylotreta septata Holmer et al. 2001

G. †Dicondylotreta Me 1993

G. †Ditreta Biernat 1973

G. †Eohadrotreta Li and Holmer 2004

†Eohadrotreta zhenbaensis Li and Holmer 2004

†Eohadrotreta zhujiahensis Li and Holmer 2004

G. †Eurytreta Rowell 1966

†Eurytreta campaniformis Krause and Rowell 1975

†Eurytreta curvata Walcott 1902

†Eurytreta discors Popov 1988

†Eurytreta fillmorensis Holmer et al. 2005

†Eurytreta minor Biernat 1973

†Eurytreta sublata Popov 1988

†Eurytreta subtriangularis Hansen and Holmer 2011

G. †Fascicoma Popov 1980

G. †Genetreta Wotte and Mergl 2007

†Genetreta trilix Wotte and Mergl 2007

G. †Hisingerella Henningsmoen 1948

†Hisingerella billingensis Holmer 1989

†Hisingerella davidsoni Reed 1917

†Hisingerella devota Krause and Rowell 1975

†Hisingerella hetera Percival 1978

†Hisingerella maniformis Hansen and Holmer 2011

†Hisingerella nana Hadding 1913

†Hisingerella nitens Hisinger 1837

†Hisingerella tenuis Holmer 1986

†Hisingerella unguicula Holmer 1989

G. †Homotreta Bell 1941

G. †Iberotreta Wotte and Mergl 2007

†Iberotreta sampelayoi Wotte and Mergl 2007

G. †Kostjubella Popov et al. 1996

G. †Kotylotreta Koneva 1990

†Kotylotreta undata Koneva 1990

G. †Kuangshanotreta Zhang et al. 2012

†Kuangshanotreta malungensis Wang et al. 2012

G. †Lensotreta Streng and Holmer 2006

G. †Linnarssonella Walcott 1902

†Linnarssonella elongata Bell 1941

†Linnarssonella girtyi Walcott 1902

†Linnarssonella minuta Hall and Whitfield 1877

†Linnarssonella nitens Walcott 1908

†Linnarssonella tennesseensis Walcott 1902

†Linnarssonella transversa Walcott 1908

†Linnarssonella tubicula Robson et al. 2003

†Linnarssonella urania Walcott 1908

G. †Linnarssonia Walcott 1885

†Acrotreta ophirensis rugosus Walcott 1902

†Linnarssonia captiosa Koneva 1990

Invalid names: Linnarssonia ventosa Koneva 1990 [synonym]

†Linnarssonia constans Koneva 1983

†Linnarssonia ophirensis Walcott 1902

†Acrotreta ophirensis descendens Walcott 1908

†Linnarssonia taconica Walcott 1885

†Linnarssonia transversa Hartt 1868

Invalid names: Pegmatreta [synonym]

G. †Longipegma Popov and Holmer 1994

†Longipegma gorjanskii Popov and Holmer 1994

†Longipegma memorabilis Ushatinskaya 1994

Invalid names: Kotujotreta Ushatinskaya 1994 [synonym]

G. †Neotreta Sobolev 1976

†Neotreta davidi Popov et al. 1994

†Neotreta orbiculata Koneva 1990

†Neotreta pusilla Koneva 1986

G. †Olentotreta Koneva et al. 1990

G. †Opisthotreta Palmer 1954

†Opisthotreta depressa Palmer 1954

G. †Ottenbyella Popov and Holmer 1994

†Ottenbyella evanda Popov 1988

†Ottenbyella shidertensis Popov and Holmer 1994

G. †Physotreta Rowell 1966

†Physotreta rugosa Popov 1980

†Physotreta spinosa Walcott 1905

G. †Picnotreta Henderson and MacKinnon 1981

†Picnotreta debilis Henderson and MacKinnon 1981

†Picnotreta karakichiensis Holmer et al. 2001

†Picnotreta robusta Holmer et al. 1999

G. †Prototreta Bell 1941

†Prototreta gribovensis Popov 1985

†Prototreta millsi Brock and Percival 2006

†Prototreta venusta Koneva 1990

G. †Quadrisonia Rowell and Henderson 1978

†Quadrisonia declivis Koneva and Popov 1988

†Quadrisonia lavadamensis Popov et al. 2002

†Quadrisonia minor Rowell and Henderson 1978

†Quadrisonia suspensa Koneva and Popov 1988

G. †Rhondellina Rowell 1986

†Rhondellina albertensis Robson et al. 2003

†Rhondellina karatauensis Koneva 1992

G. †Satpakella Koneva et al. 1990

G. †Semitreta Biernat 1973

†Semitreta acrobela Krause and Rowell 1975

†Semitreta basisslettaensis Hansen and Holmer 2011

†Semitreta major Biernat 1973

†Semitreta pustulosa Hansen and Holmer 2011

†Semitreta spitsbergensis Hansen and Holmer 2011

Invalid names: Hansotreta Krause and Rowell 1975 [synonym]

G. †Spondylotreta Cooper 1956

†Spondylotreta concentrica Cooper 1956

†Spondylotreta maior Bednarczyk and Biernat 1978

†Spondylotreta orsaensis Holmer 1989

†Spondylotreta parva Wright 1963

†Spondylotreta parva orientalis Popov 1980

G. †Stilpnotreta Henderson and MacKinnon 1981

†Stilpnotreta magna Henderson and MacKinnon 1981

†Stilpnotreta minuta Holmer et al. 2001

†Stilpnotreta tecta Koneva 1990

G. †Tapuritreta Popov et al. 2009

†Tapuritreta reclinata Streng et al. 2011

G. †Treptotreta Henderson and MacKinnon 1981

†Treptotreta jucunda Henderson and MacKinnon 1981

†Treptotreta socialis Seebach 1865

G. †Vandalotreta Mergl 1988

Invalid names: Luhotreta Mergl and Slehoferova 1990 [synonym]

Invalid names: Biernatinae Holmer 1989 [empty], Linnarssoniinae Rowell 1965 [empty], Scaphelasmatinae Rowell 1965 [empty], Torynelasmatinae Rowell 1965 [empty]

Fm. †Ceratretidae Rowell 1965

G. †Almohadella Streng 1999

†Almohadella braunae Streng 1999

G. †Bozshakolia Ushatinskaya et al. 1986

G. †Ceratreta Bell 1941

†Ceratreta tanneri Metzger 1922

Subfm. †Ephippelasmatinae Rowell 1965

G. †Lurigitcoma Popov 1980

G. †Keyserlingia Pander 1861

†Keyserlingia buchii deVerneuil 1845

†Keyserlingia reversa deVerneuil 1845

Invalid names: Clistotrema Rowell 1963 [synonym]