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Crania

Craniata - Craniida - Craniidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1781Crania Retzius
1944Crania Hertlein and Grant IV p. 38
1995Crania Pacaud and Le Renard p. 151
2000Crania Williams et al. p. 171
2002Crania Sepkoski

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
—PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
RankNameAuthor
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
subphylumCraniiformeaPopov et al. 1993
classCraniata
orderCraniidaWaagen 1885
superfamilyCranioidea(Menke 1828)
familyCraniidaeMenke 1828
genusCraniaRetzius 1781

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Crania Retzius 1781
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Subg. †Crania (Lissocrania) Williams 1943
Crania altivertes Zezina 1990
†Crania anticostiana Twenhofel 1928
†Crania antiqua Defrance 1818
†Crania austriaca Traub 1938
†Crania badensis Michalik and Zagorsek 1986
Crania californica Berry 1921
†Crania calymene Klipstein 1843
†Crania chesterensis Miller and Gurley 1897
†Crania columbiana Walcott 1889
†Crania craniolaris Linnaeus 1758
Crania huttoni Thomson 1916
†Crania kirkbyi Davidson 1858
†Crania laevis Keyes 1894
Crania lamellosa Seguenza 1865
†Crania missouriensis Weller 1909
†Crania permica Kalashnikov 1993
†Crania proavia Goldfuss 1840
†Crania reposita White 1862
Crania roseradiata Jackson 1952
Crania rostrata Hoeninghaus 1828
†Crania starhembergensis Zugmayer 1882
†Crania subrostrata Boettger 1901
Crania suessi Reeve 1862
†Crania trigonalis M'Coy 1844
Crania valdiviae Helmcke 1940
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calciteo
Entire body: yesg
Adult length: 10 to < 100g
Adult width: 10 to < 100g
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10g
Folds: noneg
Ribbing: noneg
Spines: noneg
Internal reinforcement: noneg
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yesp
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Comments: BODY SIZE: Data from Williams et al. (2000).g
Created: 2009-06-10 13:15:02
Modified: 2009-06-10 15:16:44
Source: g = genus, o = order, c = class, p = phylum
References: Williams et al. 1996, Hendy 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Whiterockian to the top of the Holocene or 470.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 451.0 Ma

Collections (100 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Whiterockian - Mohawkian470.0 - 451.0USA (Minnesota) C. sp. (10767)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5Canada (Quebec) C. anticostiana (63675)
Homerian430.5 - 427.4Sweden (Gotland) C. sp. (13599)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Canada (New Brunswick) C. sp. (593)
Pragian410.8 - 407.6Canada (Yukon) C. sp. (39394)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5Canada (Yukon Territory) C. sp. (26658)
Middle Devonian393.3 - 382.7USA (Alaska) C. sp. (111920)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (New York) C. sp. (9365 89719 89720 89774 89775 89822 89880 89922 89938 111331)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7USA (Colorado) C. sp. (644)
Kinderhookian358.9 - 352.0USA (Illinois) C. sp. (5749)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2USA (Alaska) C. sp. (112176) C. spp. (112177)
Ivorian - Chadian353.8 - 340.0Ireland C. trigonalis (76501)
Chadian346.7 - 340.0USA (Tennessee) C. sp. (6914)
Chadian - Arundian346.7 - 340.0USA (Tennessee) C. sp. (6915 6918)
Meramecian343.0 - 335.5USA (Kentucky) C. sp. (2778)
Brigantian336.0 - 330.9USA (Alabama) C. sp. (6747 6751 6754 6755 6757 6759)
Brigantian336.0 - 330.9United Kingdom (Scotland) C. sp. (6421 6422 6423 6425 6426)
Chesterian335.5 - 323.2USA (Montana) C. sp. (577)
Pendleian330.9 - 327.0USA (Indiana) C. chesterensis (6963)
Serpukhovian330.9 - 323.2USA (Oklahoma) C. minuta (5611)
Early/Lower Pennsylvanian323.2 - 315.2USA (Alaska) C. sp. (112188)
Pennsylvanian323.2 - 298.9USA (Alaska) C. sp. (111914)
Kashirian - Myachkovian313.8 - 307.0USA (New Mexico) C. sp. (46548)
Missourian306.0 - 303.7USA (Oklahoma) C. sp. (155)
Missourian306.0 - 303.7USA (Texas) C. sp. (43986 43997 44163)
Asselian298.9 - 295.5USA (Alaska) C. sp. (109345)
Cisuralian298.9 - 273.01Russian Federation C. permica (82420)
Permian298.9 - 251.902USA (Alaska) C. sp. (112196)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1Russian Federation (Nenetsia) C. permica (110164)
Roadian272.3 - 268.8USA (Texas) C. sp. (113206)
Wordian266.9 - 264.28USA (Texas) C. sp. (108821)
Capitanian264.28 - 259.51USA (Texas) C. sp. (108812)
Wuchiapingian259.9 - 254.17Greenland C. sp. A (107560) C. sp. B (107559)
Wuchiapingian259.9 - 254.17United Kingdom (England) C. kirkbyi (110500)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen C. tetrica (212183)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Italy (South Tyrol) Discina calymene (205138)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Hungary (Bakony) Discina calymene (203197 203208)
Tuvalian232.0 - 221.5China (Guizhou) C. sp. (85166)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Austria C. starhembergensis (137754)
Bathonian168.3 - 166.1France C. ponsorti (38738)
Late/Upper Bathonian167.7 - 164.7France C. ponsorti (37510)
Late/Upper Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7Germany (Bavaria) C. sp. (25411)
Late/Upper Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7France C. porosa, C. suevica (67975)
Late/Upper Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7Romania C. lineata, C. lamellosa (35199)
Middle Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7France C. porosa, C. suevica (68642)
Kimmeridgian157.3 - 152.1Portugal (Centro) C. sp. (68220)
Late/Upper Berriasian - Early/Lower Valanginian145.0 - 136.4Czech Republic C. sp., C. strambergensis, C. peruni (64721)
Late/Upper Valanginian140.2 - 136.4Czech Republic C. peruni (64720)
Barremian129.4 - 125.0France C. sp. (2195)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Sweden (Skåne) C. craniolaris (217297)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Germany C. ignabergensis (64142 64177)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Tennessee) C. americana (88357)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Denmark C. craniolaris (2969 2971 2975)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Belgium C. antiqua (170076)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0United Kingdom C. craniolaris (157715)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Denmark C. craniolaris (2978) C. ignabergensis, C. tuberculata (89866) C. sp., C. tuberculata (3007) C. tuberculata (2994 2995 2996 2997 2998 2999 3004 3005)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0Austria (Salzburg) C. austriaca (84335)
Waipawan55.8 - 53.0New Zealand C. sp. (52447)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (North Carolina) C. sp. (5436)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Poland C. sp. (70539)
Badenian13.65 - 12.7Poland C. badensis (233133)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Greece C. sp. (71243)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Florida) C. sp. (97608)