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Ctenosquamata

Actinopteri

Taxonomy
Ctenosquamata is an unranked clade. It is extant.

It was assigned to Eurypterygii by Nolf and Dockery (1990); and to Eurypterygia by Betancur et al. (2013).

Sister taxa
Acanthomorphata, Myctophata

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1990Ctenosquamata Nolf and Dockery III p. 8
2013Ctenosquamata Betancur et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
superclassActinopterygii()
classActinopteri()
RankNameAuthor
subclassNeopterygii(Regan 1923)
Teleosteomorpha
Teleostei(Müller 1846)
Osteoglossocephalai
ClupeocephalaPatterson and Rosen 1977
Euteleosteomorpha
NeoteleosteiRosen 1973
Eurypterygia(Rosen 1973)
Ctenosquamata
Ctenosquamata

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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Unr. Acanthomorphata Rosen 1973
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Superfm. †Aipichthyoidea Patterson 1964
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Fm. †Aipichthyidae Patterson 1964
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G. †Aipichthys Steindachner 1860
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Aipichthys minor Pictet 1850
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Invalid names: Platax brevis Davis 1887 [synonym]
Aipichthys nuchalis Dixon 1850
Aipichthys oblongus Gayet 1980
Aipichthys pretiosus Steindachner 1860
Aipichthys velifer Woodward 1901
G. †Paraipichthys Gaudant 1978
Fm. †Aipichthyoididae Gayet 1980
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G. †Aipichthyoides Gayet 1980
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G. †Zoqueichthys Alvarado-Ortega and Than-Marchese 2012
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Zoqueichthys carolinae Alvarado-Ortega and Than-Marchese 2012
G. †Errachidia Murray and Wilson 2014
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Errachidia pentaspinosa Murray and Wilson 2014
G. †Freigichthys Otero 1997
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Freigichthys elleipsis Otero 1997
G. †Homalopagus Murray and Wilson 2014
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Homalopagus multispinosus Murray and Wilson 2014
G. †Dalgoichthys González-Rodríguez et al. 2013
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Dalgoichthys tropicalis González-Rodríguez et al. 2013
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+
Or. Beryciformes Patterson 1964
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G. †Africentrum White and Moy-Thomas 1941
Fm. Berycidae Lowe 1843
Subor. Berycoidei Patterson 1964
G. †Berycomorus Arambourg 1967
G. †Berycopsis Agassiz 1850
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Invalid names: Platycormus von der Marck 1858 [synonym]
G. †Brazosiella Frizzell and Dante 1965
G. †Cryptoberyx Gaudant 1978
Subor. †Dinopterygoidei Patterson 1964
G. †Holocentrites Conrad 1941
Superfm. †Holocentroidea Richardson 1846
Subor. †Holocentroidei Johnson and Patterson 1993
G. Kryptophanaron Silvester and Fowler 1927
G. †Omosoma Costa 1857
G. †Pattersonoberyx Gayet 1980
G. Plectrypops Gill 1863
G. †Plesioberyx Gayet 1980
G. Poromitra Goode and Bean 1883
G. †Pseudholocentrum Arambourg 1967
Fm. †Pseudomonocentrididae González-Rodríguez et al. 2013
Fm. †Quaesitoberycidae Bannikov and Sorbini 2005
G. Sargocentron Fowler 1904
Subor. †Trachichthyoidei Parr 1933
Invalid names: Anoplogastridae [empty], Barbourisiidae [empty], Beryx dalmaticus Steindachner 1863 [nomen dubium], Beryx subovatus Bassani 1882 [nomen dubium], Cetomimidae [empty], Gibberichthyidae [empty], Hispidoberycidae [empty], Polymixioidei Patterson 1964 [empty], Rondeletiidae [empty], Stephanoberycidae [empty]
Unr. Holocentrimorphaceae Betancur et al. 2013
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Or. Holocentriformes Betancur et al. 2013
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Fm. Holocentridae Richardson 1846
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Or. Batrachoidiformes [toadfish]
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Or. Ophidiiformes Berg 1937
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Fm. Acropomatidae Gill 1891
Fm. Haemulidae Gill 1885
Or. Lophiiformes [anglerfish]
Fm. Lutjanidae Gill 1861
Fm. Moronidae [temperate bass]
Fm. Percichthyidae Jordan and Eigenman 1890
Or. Perciformes Bleeker 1859 [perch-like fish]
Fm. Sciaenidae Cuvier 1828
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Invalid names: Scienoides [synonym]
Fm. Sinipercidae Roberts 1993
Or. Tetraodontiformes Berg 1940
Invalid names: Caesionidae [empty], Centrogenyidae [empty], Enoplosidae [empty], Kyphosidae [empty], Lateolabracidae [empty], Lobotidae [empty], Pomacanthidae [empty], Terapontidae [empty]
Fm. †Ferrifronsidae Arratia and Chorn 1998
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G. †Acanthichthys Arratia and Chorn 1998
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Or. Lampridiformes Olney et al. 1993
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G. Ateleopus Agassiz 1846
G. †Eolophotes Daniltshenko 1980
Fm. Lamprididae Gottfried et al. 2006
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G. †Megalampris Gottfried et al. 2006
G. †Palaeocentrotus Kühne 1941
G. †Protolophotus Walters 1957
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G. †Trachipterus Gouan 1770
Subor. †Veliferoidei
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Fm. †Palaeocentrotidae Bonde 1966
Fm. †Turkmenidae Daniltshenko 1968
Invalid names: Pegasus volans Volta 1796 [invalid subgroup], Regalecidae [empty], Trachipteroidei [empty]
G. †Omosomopsis Gaudant 1978
G. †Oncolepis Bassani 1898
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Oncolepis isseli Bassani 1897
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Or. Percopsiformes Berg 1940
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Fm. Percopsidae Regan 1911
G. †Percopsiformorum Berg 1940
Invalid names: Amblyopsidae [empty]
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+
Or. Gadiformes Goodrich 1909
Unr. Zeariae
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Or. Zeiformes Regan 1909
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Fm. †Cephalacanthidae Berg 1940
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G. †Cephalacanthus Lacépède 1802
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G. †Pterygocephalus Agassiz 1835
G. †Kelemejtubus Cantalice and Alvarado-Ortega 2017
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Kelemejtubus castroi Cantalice and Alvarado-Ortega 2017
G. †Nardoichthys Sorbini and Bannikov 1992
Unr. Ovalentaria Smith and Near 2012
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+
Invalid names: Draconettidae [empty]
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+
Invalid names: Acrotidae [empty]
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Invalid names: Cheimarrhichthyidae [empty], Trichonotidae [empty]
Invalid names: Gobiesociformes [empty], Grammatidae [empty], Moroniformes [empty], Scombrolabraciformes [empty]
Invalid names: Gobiida [empty], Ophidiida [empty], Pelagia Miya et al. 2013 [empty]
Superor. Polymixiacea
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Invalid names: Polymixiformes [empty]
Or. Polymixiiformes [beardfish]
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Fm. †Boreiohydriidae Murray and Cumbaa 2013
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G. †Boreiohydrias Murray and Cumbaa 2013
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Boreiohydrias dayi Murray and Cumbaa 2013
G. †Cumbaaichthys Murray 2016 [beardfish]
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Cumbaaichthys oxyrhynchus Murray 2016 [beardfish]
Fm. Polymixiidae Gill 1862
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G. †Berycopsia Radovcic 1975
G. †Dalmatichthys Radovcic 1975
G. †Homonotichthys Whitley 1933
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Invalid names: Homonotus Agassiz 1850 [replaced], Stenostoma Agassiz 1850 [replaced]
G. †Parapolymixia David 1946
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G. Polymixia Lowe 1836
G. †Pycnosterinx Heckel 1849
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Pycnosterinx discoides Heckel 1849
Pycnosterinx dorsalis Pictet 1850
Pycnosterinx dubius Davis 1887
Pycnosterinx elongatus Pictet and Humbert 1866
Pycnosterinx gracilis Davis 1887
Pycnosterinx latus Davis 1887
Pycnosterinx niger Costa 1857
Pycnosterinx russeggerii Heckel 1849
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Invalid names: Imogaster auratus Costa 1857 [synonym]
Invalid names: Imogaster Costa 1857 [synonym]
Fm. †Pycnosteroididae Patterson 1964
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G. †Magrebichthys Murray and Wilson 2014
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Magrebichthys nelsoni Murray and Wilson 2014
G. †Pycnosteroides Woodward 1942
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Invalid names: Aipichthys formosus Hay 1903 [synonym]
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Protriacanthus gortanii d'Erasmo 1946
G. †Pseudotetrapturus Danil'chenko 1960
G. †Spinocaudichthys Filleul and Dutheil 2001
G. †Xiphopterus Agassiz 1835
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Xiphopterus falcatus Volta 1796
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Or. Myctophiformes Regan 1911
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Fm. Myctophidae Gill 1893 [lanternfish]
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G. Aethoprora Goode and Bean 1896
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Subfm. Diaphinae
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G. Idiolychnus Nafpaktitis and Paxton 1978
G. Lobianchia Gatt 1904
G. Diaphus Eigenmann and Eigenmann 1890
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Subg. Diaphus (Diaphus) Eigenmann and Eigenmann 1890
Subg. †Diaphus (Lamprossa) Jordan and Hubbs 1925
Diaphus aequalis Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Diaphus alcoholicus Brzobohaty and Nolf 1995
Diaphus altus Schwarzhans 1980
Diaphus angulatus Ohe and Araki 1973
Diaphus apalus Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Diaphus audax Schwarzhans 2019
Diaphus austriacus Koken 1891
Diaphus barrigonensis Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Diaphus bolini David 1943
Diaphus cahuzaci Steurbaut 1979
Diaphus capax Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Diaphus cassidiformis Frost 1934
Diaphus caurus Schwarzhans and Ohe 2019
Diaphus chrysorhynchus Gilbert and Cramer 1897
Diaphus coatesi Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Diaphus crassus Schwarzhans 1978
Diaphus curvatus Schwarzhans 1980
Diaphus danae Tåning 1932
Diaphus debilis Koken 1891
Diaphus depressifrons Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Diaphus draconis Schwarzhans 2013
Diaphus dumerilii Bleeker 1856
Diaphus duosensitivus Ciobanu 1977
Diaphus ecuadorensis Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Diaphus edwardsi Sauvage 1870
Diaphus emensus Schwarzhans 1985
Diaphus endoi Schwarzhans and Ohe 2019
Diaphus excisus Frost 1934
Diaphus exilis Schwarzhans 2019
Diaphus garmani Gilbert 1906
Diaphus gatunensis Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Diaphus grebneffi Schwarzhans and Ohe 2019
Diaphus haereticus Brzobohaty and Schultz 1978
Diaphus hataii Ohe and Araki 1973
Diaphus holti Taaning 1918 [small lantern fish]
Diaphus huatau Schwarzhans 2019
Diaphus italicus Anfossi and Mosna 1971
Diaphus kaiparaensis Schwarzhans 2019
Diaphus kakegawaensis Schwarzhans and Ohe 2019
Diaphus kuroshio Kawaguchi and Nafpaktitis 1978
Diaphus larteti Sauvage 1870
Diaphus longirostris Brozobohaty 1983
Diaphus lucida Goode and Bean 1896
Diaphus luetkeni Brauer 1904
Diaphus manneringi Schwarzhans 2019
Diaphus marambionis Schwarzhans et al. 2017
Diaphus marwicki Frost 1934
Diaphus meniliticus Kalabis 1948
Diaphus metopoclampoides Steurbaut 1983
Diaphus microsomus Sauvage 1870
Diaphus mirus Schwarzhans 2019
Diaphus mollis Tåning 1928
Diaphus molossus Nolf and Steurbaut 1988
Diaphus multiserratus Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Diaphus nafpaktitisi Schwarzhans and Ohe 2019
Diaphus noboriensis Schwarzhans and Ohe 2019
Diaphus parri Taning 1932
Diaphus paxtoni Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Diaphus perspicillatoides Brzobohaty and Nolf 1995
Diaphus poignantae Steurbaut 1979
Diaphus polysarcus Kramberger 1879
Diaphus prisismetallis Nolf and Brzobohaty 1994
Diaphus rafinesqui Cocco 1838
Diaphus regani Taning 1932
Diaphus richardsoni Tåning 1932
Diaphus rodriguezi Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Diaphus sauvagei Arambourg 1925
Diaphus splendidus Prochazka 1893 [horned lanternfish]
Diaphus stafforaensis Nolf and Steurbaut 1988
Diaphus sulcatus Bassolini 1906
Diaphus taaningi Norma 1930 [slopewater lanternfish]
Diaphus tenax Schwarzhans 2019
Diaphus termophilus Tåning 1928
Diaphus theta Eigenmann and Eigenmann 1890
Diaphus vexillifer Sauvage 1870
Myctophum (Diaphus) sauvagei Arambourg 1925
G. †Eokrefftia Schwarzhans 1985
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Eokrefftia prediaphus Schwarzhans 1985
G. †Eomyctophum Danil'chenko 1947
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Eomyctophum broncus Schwarzhans 2019
Eomyctophum cozlae Ciobanu 1977
Eomyctophum koraense Danil'chenko 1947
Eomyctophum limicola Danil'chenko 1960
Eomyctophum menneri Danil'chenko 1947
Eomyctophum porokawa Schwarzhans 2019
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G. Hintonia Fraser-Brunner 1949
G. Lampanyctodes Fraser-Brunner 1949
G. Lampichthys Fraser-Brunner 1949
G. Notoscopelus Guenther 1864
G. Scopelopsis Brauer 1906
G. Hygophum Bolin 1939
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Hygophum acutiventris Schwarzhans 2019
Hygophum agatense Robba 1970
Hygophum agrigentensis Schwarzhans 1978
Hygophum benoiti Cocco 1838 [Benoit's lanternfish]
Hygophum circularis Frost 1924
Hygophum derthonensis Nolf and Steurbaut 1983
Hygophum germanicum Heinrich 1969
Hygophum hygomi Lütken 1892 [Bermuda lantern fish]
Hygophum macrochir Günther 1864 [large-finned lanternfish]
Hygophum orcianensis Schwarzhans 1978
Hygophum pabloensis Weiler 1959
Hygophum probenoiti Arambourg 1927
Hygophum proximum Becker 1965
Hygophum rotundum Ohe and Araki 1973
Hygophum taaningi Becker 1965
Subfm. Lampanyctinae Paxton 1972
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G. Bolinichthys Paxton 1972
G. Ceratoscopelus Günther 1864
G. Gymnoscopelus Guenther 1873
G. Lampadena Goode and Bean 1893
Tr. †Lampanictini Paxton 1972
Tr. Lampanyctini Paxton 1972
G. Lepidophanes Fraser-Brunner 1949
G. †Oligophus Gregorova 2004
G. Parvilux Hubbs and Wisner 1964
G. Stenobrachius Eigenmann and Eigenmann 1890
G. Taaningichthys Bolin 1959
G. Triphoturus Fraser-Brunner 1949
Invalid names: Diaphini [empty], Gymnoscopelini Paxton 1972 [empty]
G. Lampanyctus Bonaparte 1840
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Lampanyctus alatus Goode and Bean 1896
Lampanyctus ecnomi Sauvage 1870
Lampanyctus festivus Tåning 1928
Lampanyctus latesulcatus Nolf and Steurbaut 1983
Lampanyctus licatae Sauvage 1870
Lampanyctus lineatus Tåning 1928
Lampanyctus longaevus Ciobanu 1977
Lampanyctus microsoma Sauvage 1870
Lampanyctus nobilis Taning 1928
Lampanyctus petrolifer David 1943
Lampanyctus popoto Schwarzhans 2019
Lampanyctus profestus Schwarzhans 2019
Lampanyctus pussilus Johnson 1890
Lampanyctus reductus Schwarzhans 2013
Lampanyctus regalis Gilbert 1892
Lampanyctus remifer Jordan 1925
Lampanyctus ritteri Gilbert 1915
Lampanyctus serratus Stinton 1957
Lampanyctus waiohaensis Schwarzhans 2019
G. †Myctophidarum Unknown
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Myctophidarum schnetleri Schwarzhans 2003
Subfm. Myctophinae Fowler 1925
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G. †Antimyctophum Schwarzhans 2019
G. Benthosema Goode and Bean 1896
G. Centrobranchus Fowler 1904
G. Ctenoscopelus Fraser-Brunner 1949
G. Dasyscopelus Günther 1864
G. Diogenichthys Bolin 1839
G. Electrona Goode and Bean 1895
G. Gonichthys Gistel 1850
G. Krefftichthys Hulley 1981
G. Loweina Fowler 1925
G. Metelectrona Wisner 1963
G. Protomyctophum Fraser-Brunner 1949
G. Symbolophorus Bolin and Wisner 1959
G. Tarletonbeania Eigenmann and Eigenmann 1891
Invalid names: Myctophini Fowler 1925 [empty]
G. Myctophum Rafinesque 1810
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Myctophum affine Lütken 1892
Myctophum americanum Frizzell and Dante 1965
Myctophum antelaternatum Ciobanu 1977
Myctophum arcanum Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Myctophum asperum Richardson 1845
Myctophum bortonensis Schwarzhans 2019
Myctophum braueri Lönnberg 1905
Myctophum columnae Sauvage 1873
Myctophum danielli D'Erasmo 1929
Myctophum degraciai Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Myctophum dorsale Sauvage 1870
Myctophum evermanni Gilbert 1905
Myctophum jacksoni Aguilera and de Aguilera 2001
Myctophum licatae Sauvage 1880
Myctophum mundulum Schwarzhans and Aguilera 2013
Myctophum murbani Weinfurter 1952
Myctophum nitidulum Garman 1899
Myctophum normani Tåning 1932
Myctophum oroseinum Dieni 1968
Myctophum praepterotum Ciobanu 1977
Myctophum pulchrum Procharzky 1893
Myctophum punctatum Rafinesque 1810 [spotted lanternfish]
Myctophum robustus Ciobanu 1977
Myctophum selenops Taning 1928
Myctophum spinosum Steindachner 1867
Myctophum splendidum Prochazka 1893 [horned lanternfish]
Myctophum tamumuensis Schwarzhans 2019
Myctophum tenellum Schwarzhans 2019
Myctophum unicum Schwarzhans 1978
Myctophum weileri Ciobanu 1977
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G. Notolychnus Fraser-Brunner 1949
G. Scopelus Cuvier 1816
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Scopelus biarritzensis Priem 1912
Scopelus ellipticus Sulc 1932
Scopelus excavatus Sulc 1932
Scopelus fragilis Prochazka 1893
Scopelus frosti Vorstman 1927
Scopelus incisus Frost 1934
Scopelus kokeni Prochazka 1893
Scopelus lacertosus Sauvage 1870
Scopelus laminatus Frost 1934
Scopelus latirostratus Weiler 1950
Scopelus macrochir Günther 1864 [large-finned lanternfish]
Scopelus mammatus Frost 1934
Scopelus mediterraneus Koken 1891
Scopelus obliquus Weiler 1943
Scopelus papuensis Schubert 1910
Scopelus pulcher Procharzky 1893
Scopelus regularis Frost 1934
Scopelus splendidus Prochazka 1893 [horned lanternfish]
Scopelus sulcatus Bassoli 1906
Scopelus tenuis Weinfurter 1952
Scopelus tutamoensis Frost 1934
G. †Tachynectes von der Marck 1863
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Tachynectes brachypterygius von der Marck 1863
Tachynectes longipes von der Marck 1863
Tachynectes macrodactylus von der Marck 1863
Tachynectes vinarensis Bayer 1905
Invalid names: Eomyctophinae Prokofiev 2006 [empty]
+
Subfm. †Neoscopelinae Parr 1928
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G. †Beckerophotus Prokofiev 2001
G. Neoscopelus Johnson 1863
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Neoscopelus microchir Matsubara 1943
Neoscopelus navicularis Lin et al. 2017
Neoscopelus nuussuaqensis Schwarzhans 2004
Subfm. †Sardinioidinae
+
G. †Neocassandra Daniltshenko 1968
G. Scopelengys Alcock 1890
G. Solivomer Miller 1947
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Solivomer arenidens Miller 1947
Fm. †Sardinioididae Goody 1969
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G. †Sardinioides von der Marck 1858
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Sardinioides attenuatus Woodward 1901
Sardinioides crassicaudus von der Marck 1863
Sardinioides macrophthalmus von der Marck 1868
Sardinioides minimus Agassiz 1839
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Invalid names: Osmeroides pontivagus Hay 1903 [synonym]
Sardinioides monasterii Agassiz 1839
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Invalid names: Osmeroides microcephalus Agassiz 1839 [synonym], Sardinioides macropterygius von der Marck 1885 [synonym], Sardinioides minutus von der Marck 1885 [synonym], Sardinioides tenuicaudus von der Marck 1863 [synonym]
Sardinioides pusillus Woodward 1901
Invalid names: Cassandra White and Moy-Thomas 1940 [synonym], Leptosomus von der Marck 1863 [synonym]
G. †Sardinius von der Marck 1858
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Sardinius blackburnii Cope 1891
Sardinius cordieri Agassiz 1839
Sardinius lineatus Cope 1878
Sardinius nasutulus Cope 1878
Sardinius percrassus Cope 1878
Sardinius robustus von der Marck 1868
Invalid names: Synodontoidei [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available