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Granastrapotherium
Taxonomy
Granastrapotherium was named by Johnson (1984). Its type is Granastrapotherium snorki.
It was assigned to Astrapotheriidae by Johnson (1984); and to Uruguaytheriinae by Cifelli (1993).
It was assigned to Astrapotheriidae by Johnson (1984); and to Uruguaytheriinae by Cifelli (1993).
Species
G. snorki (type species)
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1984 | Granastrapotherium Johnson p. 51 figs. 14-15-17-18-20-21-22 |
| 1993 | Granastrapotherium Cifelli |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Granastrapotherium Johnson 1984
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†Granastrapotherium snorki Johnson and Madden 1997
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| S. Johnson 1984 | Granastrapotherium snorki differs from all other known astrapotheres in lacking all upper and lower incisors, having canines enlarged into huge, evergrowing tusks with the lowers procumbent and not so recurved as in Parastrapotherium, Astrapotherium, Xenastrapotherium, and typically possessing an external diagonal wear facet from contact with the upper canine. Granastrapotherium lacks the third upper premolar and has P4 reduced possessing only a single internal and external cusp. All molars are expanded buccalingually and lack any cingula. Granastrapotherium is readily distinguished from Astrapotherium an Xenastrapotherium by its lack of lower incisors P3, and by its unique tusk conformation, from Astrapothericulus (a dwarf form) by its large size, lack of lower incisors, P3, and by its possessions of evergrowning tusks, and from Uruguaytherium, which is based upon a single mandibular fragment, by its possessions of a hypoflexid groove on M1-3 and more distally-oriented, more rounded metalophid on M2-3. |
Measurements
| part | N | mean | minimum | maximum | median | s.d. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Humerus diameter | 2 | 144.7 | 135.0 | 155.0 | 145.0 | 14.1 | |
| Lower canine diameter | 4 | 35.8 | 26.5 | 46.5 | 37.5 | 10.7 | |
| Mandible height | 3 | 111.3 | 97.0 | 119.6 | 119.0 | 12.9 | |
| Upper canine diameter | 4 | 45.7 | 37.5 | 56.0 | 46.2 | 10.0 | |
| posterior part of the ectoloph of an M3 height | 1 | 73.0 | - | - | - | - |
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| Source: s = species, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Lillegraven 1979, Johnson and Madden 1997, MacFadden et al. 1996, Ji et al. 2002, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range: base of the Laventan to the top of the Middle Miocene or 13.80000 to 11.60800 Ma
Collections (28 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Middle Miocene | Peru | G. snorki (211380) | |
| Laventan | Colombia (Huila) | G. snorki (133692 134806 135348 140051 143785 143795 145175 145617 185892 186607 187114 187115 187718 187719 187720 187721 187888 187970 188025 188028) | |
| Laventan | Colombia (Tolima) | G. snorki (143779 143781 143782 143783) | |
| Laventan | Colombia | G. snorki (13757) | |
| Laventan | Peru (Ucayali) | G. snorki (144792 144793) |