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Bolivartherium
Discussion
Type: Lestodon urumaquensis Linares, 2004.
Etymology:In honour of the Libertador General Simon
Bolvar, American revolutionary; and therium mammal
Taxonomy
Bolivartherium was named by Carlini et al. (2006). Its type is Bolivartherium urumaquensis.
It was assigned to Lestodontinae by Carlini et al. (2006); to Lestodontini by Boscaini et al. (2019); and to Mylodontinae by Saint-André et al. (2010) and Varela et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Lestodontinae by Carlini et al. (2006); to Lestodontini by Boscaini et al. (2019); and to Mylodontinae by Saint-André et al. (2010) and Varela et al. (2019).
Species
B. codorensis (syn. Lestodon codorensis), B. urumaquensis (type species)
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 2006 | Bolivartherium Carlini et al. |
| 2010 | Bolivartherium Saint-André et al. |
| 2019 | Bolivartherium Boscaini et al. |
| 2019 | Bolivartherium Varela et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Bolivartherium Carlini et al. 2006
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†Bolivartherium codorensis Carlini et al. 2006
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Invalid names: Lestodon codorensis Linares 2004 [replaced]
†Bolivartherium urumaquensis Linares 2004
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| A. A. Carlini et al. 2006 | Middle-sized lestodontine, smaller than Quaternary
species of Lestodon. Rostrum lower (plesiomorphic) and upper caniniform more curved than in Lestodon, like the 'Lestodon' sp. from the Montehermosan of Argentina. The edentulous zone (= diastema) in front of the molariforms is elevated with respect to the occlusal plane (an apomorphic character with respect to the rest of the Lestodontines), consequently, the alveolar margin of the caniniforms is dorsal to the molariforms, like 'Lestodon' sp. from the Montehermosan of Monte Hermoso, Argentina in contrast to all the known species of Lestodon. Upper and lower caniniforms are positioned laterally with respect to the molariform series, as in Lestodon, but more closely placed to the molariform series, plesiomorphic with respect to this last genus. Upper molariform series more strongly divergent anteriorly than in Lestodon, an apomorphic character of this new genus. |