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Xema

Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Laridae

Taxonomy
Xema was named by Leach (1819). It is extant. Its type is Larus sabini.

It was assigned to Xemeae by Coues (1862); to Longipennes by Shufeldt (1891); to Larinae by Hay (1930) and Wetmore (1940); and to Laridae by Hay (1902), Smith (2011) and Clements et al. (2017).

Species

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1819Xema Leach
1862Xema Coues p. 311
1891Xema Shufeldt p. 818
1902Xema Hay p. 525
1930Xema Hay p. 341
1940Xema Wetmore p. 61
2011Xema Smith p. 30 figs. Figure 14
2017Xema Clements et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
Diapsida()
RankNameAuthor
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
Ornithodira
Dinosauromorpha
Dinosauriformes
Dinosauria()
Theropoda()
Tetanurae
Coelurosauria()
Maniraptora
Paraves
classAves
orderCharadriiformesHuxley 1867
suborderLariSharpe 1891
infraorderLarides
superfamilyLaroideaStejneger 1885
familyLaridaeVigors 1825
genusXemaLeach 1819

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Xema Leach 1819
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Xema sabini Sabine 1819 [Sabine's gull]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: ground dwellingo
Diet: carnivoresubo
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2017-04-17 10:41:05
Modified: 2017-04-17 10:41:05
Source: subo = suborder, o = order
References: Benton 1983, Bush and Bambach 2015, Marsh 1875

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Pleistocene to the top of the Holocene or 0.12600 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.0117 Ma

Collections (3 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.126 - 0.0117USA (Oregon) X. sabini (176222)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Nunavut) X. sabini (229489)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Greenland X. sabini (215521)