PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Hindella

Rhynchonellata - Athyridida - Meristellidae

Taxonomy

Hindella was named by Davidson (1882). Its type is Athyris umbonata.

It was assigned to Spiriferida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Meristellinae by Sheehan (1977), Williams et al. (2002) and Hints and Harper (2015).

Species

Cryptothyrella lacrima, Cryptothyrella ovoides (syn. Cryptothyrella ambigua), Cryptothyrella terebratulina (syn. Anomites terebratulinus), H. angustifrons, H. cassidea, H. crassa, H. incipiens, H. kiaeri, H. prima, H. prinstana, H. umbonata

Synonyms

Cryptothyrella was named by Cooper (1942).

It was synonymized subjectively with Hindella by Williams et al. (2002).

It was assigned to Spiriferida by Harper (1973); and to Meristellinae by Boucot and Johnson (1964), Isaacson et al. (1976) and Sheehan (1977).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1882	Hindella Davidson
1942	Cryptothyrella Cooper
1964	Cryptothyrella Boucot and Johnson p. 8
1973	Cryptothyrella Harper p. 80
1976	Cryptothyrella Isaacson et al. p. 1110
1977	Cryptothyrella Sheehan
1977	Hindella Sheehan
2002	Hindella Sepkoski
2002	Hindella Williams et al. p. 1563
2015	Hindella Hints and Harper

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
—	Lophophorata
—	Panbrachiopoda	Carlson and Cohen 2020
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805

Rank	Name	Author
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Rhynchonellata	Williams et al. 1996
order	Athyridida	Boucot et al. 1964
suborder	Athyrididina	Boucot et al. 1964
superfamily	Meristelloidea	Waagen 1883
family	Meristellidae	Waagen 1883
subfamily	Meristellinae	Waagen 1883
genus	Hindella

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Hindella Davidson 1882

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†Cryptothyrella crassa incipiens Williams 1951

†Hindella angustifrons Salter 1851

†Hindella cassidea Dalman 1828

†Hindella crassa Sowerby 1839

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†Hindella crassa incipens Williams 1951

†Hindella incipiens Williams 1951

†Hindella kiaeri Sheehan 1977

†Hindella prima Popov et al. 2015

†Hindella prinstana Billings 1862

†Hindella umbonata Billings 1862

Invalid names: Cryptothyrella Cooper 1942 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

low Mg calcitep

Entire body:

yesg

Adult length:

10 to < 100g

Adult width:

10 to < 100g

Adult height:

10 to < 100g

Folds:

noneg

Ribbing:

noneg

Spines:

noneg

Internal reinforcement:

noneg

Environment:

marineuc

Locomotion:

stationarysubo

Attached:

yesp

Life habit:

low-level epifaunalsubo

Diet:

suspension feedersubo

Vision:

blindc

Comments:

BODY SIZE: Data from Williams et al (2002).g

Created:

2009-06-03 08:53:23

Modified:

2009-06-03 10:53:23

Source: g = genus, subo = suborder, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Nesnidal et al. 2013, Hendy 2009

Age range: base of the Porkuni to the top of the Pridoli or 445.60000 to 419.20000 Ma

Collections (342 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Katian	453.0 - 445.2	Norway	H. cassidea (159413)
Katian	453.0 - 445.2	Iran	H. prima (192780)
Katian - Hirnantian	453.0 - 443.4	Sweden (Dalarne)	Cryptothyrella terebratulina (73413)
Kralodvorian	449.8 - 445.2	Czech Republic (Prague)	H. sp. (76479)
Kralodvorian	449.8 - 445.2	Czech Republic (Praha)	H. sp. (151985)
Kralodvorian - Rawtheyan	449.8 - 445.2	Czech Republic	H. sp., Cryptothyrella sp. (3879)
Richmondian	449.6 - 445.5	Canada (Québec)	H. umbonata (163771) H. umbonata, H. prinstana (24330 24351)
Richmondian	449.6 - 445.5	Canada (Quebec)	H. sp. (163769 163792) H. umbonata (158504 158507 158574 158576 158581 158583 158586 158587 158864 163700 163704 163730 163768 163793)
Richmondian - Llandovery	449.6 - 433.4	Canada (Québec)	H. laurentina, H. prinstana (24334 24352 24375)
Pirgu	449.5 - 445.2	Sweden (Dalarne)	H. incipiens (73451 73452)
Youngest occurrences
Time interval	Ma	Country or state	PBDB collection number
Telychian	438.5 - 433.4	United Kingdom (England)	Cryptothyrella sp. (184764)
Telychian - Wenlock	438.5 - 427.4	Canada (Manitoba)	H. prinstana (26437)
Wenlock	433.4 - 427.4	China (Heilongjiang)	Cryptothyrella sp. (27730)
Wenlock	433.4 - 427.4	USA (Indiana)	Cryptothyrella sp. (26700 26771)
Wenlock - Ludlow	433.4 - 423.0	Canada (Northwest Territories)	H. sp. (188856 188866 188867) H. sp. A (188865)
Ludlow - Pridoli	427.4 - 419.2	USA (Maryland)	H. congregata (41643 41645 41646 41647 41707)
Ludlow - Pridoli	427.4 - 419.2	USA (West Virginia)	H. congregata (41174 41176 41628 41630 41632 41633 41634 41713 41714 41716 41717 41719 41720 41723 41732 41734 41736)
Pridoli	423.0 - 419.2	USA (Maryland)	H. sp. (488 489 490 24914 24916 24917)
Pridoli	423.0 - 419.2	USA (New York)	H. sp. (542)
Pridoli	423.0 - 419.2	USA (Ohio)	H. sp. (26079)