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Phragmorthis buttsi

Rhynchonellata - Orthida - Phragmorthidae

Taxonomy
Phragmorthis buttsi was named by Cooper (1956). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Porterfield Quarry, 5 miles northeast of Saltville, which is in an Ashbyan reef, buildup or bioherm limestone in the Edinburg Formation of Virginia. It is the type species of Phragmorthis.

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1956Phragmorthis buttsi Cooper
1962Phragmorthis buttsi Williams pp. 130 - 131 figs. Pl. XI, figs. 40-44, 46-48
2012Phragmorthis buttsi Rasmussen et al. p. 38 figs. Plate 9, figures 5–9

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Protostomia
Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
Lophophorata
PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
RankNameAuthor
subphylumRhynchonelliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classRhynchonellataWilliams et al. 1996
orderOrthidaSchuchert and Cooper 1932
suborderOrthidinaSchuchert and Cooper 1932
superfamilyPlectorthoideaSchuchert and Le Vene 1929
familyPhragmorthidaeWilliams 1965
genusPhragmorthisCooper 1956
speciesbuttsiCooper 1956

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Phragmorthis buttsi Cooper 1956
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
A. Williams 1962Subrectangular, turgid Phragmorthis, with a pedicle valve, commonly slightly emarginate antero-medianly, attaining a maximum average depth of one-half the length just anterior to the long, curved, apsacline interarea; brachial valve strongly and uniformly convex laterally but deeply cleft by a narrow sulcus medianly, about two-thirds as long as wide; ornamentation finely multicostellate, varying from 5 to 9 costellae per millimetre antero-medianly with a mode of 7; median costa of pedicle valve commonly accentuated; cardinalia about one-third the length of the brachial valve; ventral muscle-scar deeply impressed, subtriangular in ventral outline, averaging less than one-third of the length of the pedicle valve.
C. M. O. Rasmussen et al. 2012Shell strongly ventri-biconvex in profile and transverse to subcircular or subquadrate in outline. Maximum width at hinge line; anterior commissure weakly sulcate. Ventral valve unevenly convex, almost triangular to subpyramidal with marked umbo posterior to hinge line. Interarea high, catacline to weakly apsacline; delthyrium high and narrow. Dorsal valve moderately convex, sulcate; dorsal interarea high, wide and strongly anacline; notothyrium narrow. Ornamentation multicostellate with costellae sporadically swollen; concentric growth lines variably developed, increasing in number towards the anterior commissure.

Ventral interior with large deltidiodont teeth supported by dental plates that converge to form spondylium simplex. Dorsal interior lacking cardinal process, or with one very small ridge developed anteriorly on notothyrial platform. Brachiophores long with supporting plates converging to dorsal median septum, more elevated towards the anterior margin. Thin, deep grooves on valve floor.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Entire body: yesg
Adult length: 1.0 to < 10g
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10g
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10g
Folds: noneg
Ribbing: minorg
Spines: noneg
Internal reinforcement: noneg
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yeso
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Created: 2009-06-04 08:57:26
Modified: 2009-06-04 10:57:26
Source: g = genus, o = order, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Hendy 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Llandeilo to the top of the Ashgill or 461.10000 to 443.10000 Ma

Collections (16 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Chazyan471.3 - 457.3USA (Alabama) Phragmorthis buttsi (162364)
Llandeilo461.1 - 458.2United Kingdom (Scotland) Phragmorthis buttsi (164928 164931 164937)
Costonian458.2 - 457.2United Kingdom (Scotland) Phragmorthis buttsi (76076)
Sandbian458.2 - 452.8USA (Alaska) Phragmorthis buttsi (164856)
Caradoc458.2 - 449.5USA (California) Phragmorthis buttsi (69223 100631)
Ashbyan457.3 - 449.6USA (Virginia) Phragmorthis buttsi (type locality: 164296)
Ashbyan457.3 - 449.6USA (Alaska) Phragmorthis buttsi (164853)
Blackriveran457.3 - 449.6USA (California) Phragmorthis buttsi (100555)
Ashgill449.5 - 443.1USA (California) Phragmorthis buttsi (99696 99697 99698 100644)
Rawtheyan - Pusgillian448.8 - 449.2USA (Alaska) Phragmorthis buttsi (164855)