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Terebratula
Taxonomy
Terebratula was named by Müller (1776) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi Q Plei Sepkoski's reference number: 1,882]. It is extant.
It was assigned to Terebratulidae by Anderson (1938), Hassan (1953), Marasti (1973), Pacaud and Le Renard (1995) and Wienrich (1999); to Terebratulida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Terebratulinae by Bitner and Martinell (2001) and Williams et al. (2006).
It was assigned to Terebratulidae by Anderson (1938), Hassan (1953), Marasti (1973), Pacaud and Le Renard (1995) and Wienrich (1999); to Terebratulida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Terebratulinae by Bitner and Martinell (2001) and Williams et al. (2006).
Species
T. (Waldheimia), T. aequalis, T. ampulla, T. anatina, T. arabilis, T. bartonensis, T. bipartita, T. birdlipensis, T. bisuffarcinata, T. brevirostris, T. bronni, T. bukowskii, T. bussoni, T. calabra, T. campaniensis, T. coahuilensis, T. cogidumni, T. coreyi, T. crassa, T. djeffarae, T. doueensis, T. durrelli, T. flemingii, T. fragilis, T. furciliensis, T. gesneri, T. gomesi, T. gortanii, T. grossulus, T. hannana, T. hoernesi, T. intervallata, T. italica, T. kanei, T. kemenczeiensis, T. kittlii, T. lacunosa, T. laczkoi, T. lamberti, T. lamellosa, T. lapichensis, T. laricimontana, T. latissima, T. liscaviensis, T. liusa, T. macrescens, T. marbachensis, T. marylandica, T. matmatensis, T. maxima, T. minuta, T. moseleyi, T. movelierensis, T. neglecta, T. pachydentata, T. pectunculus, T. perforata, T. phillipsii, T. praecox, T. pseudoscillae, T. quinqueplicata, T. ranieri, T. retrocarinata, T. rulliacensis, T. salvatoris, T. scillae, T. seccoi, T. semicostata, T. sillimani, T. sinuosa (syn. T. maugerii, Anomia pedemontana), T. siracusana, T. sphenoidalis, T. spinosa, T. spondylodes, T. sturi, T. sturii, T. styriaca, T. suborbicularis (syn. T. semiplicata), T. subturgidula, T. superstes, T. suspecta, T. suttonensis, T. tamaulipana, T. taurolata, T. tenniensis, T. terebratula, T. tetragona, T. thurmanni, T. transversa, T. trifonovi, T. trigona, T. unguiculus, T. veszpremica, T. vitrea, T. wittnichi, T. wyvilli
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1776 | Terebratula Müller p. 249 |
| 1938 | Terebratula Anderson p. 95 |
| 1953 | Terebratula Hassan p. 16 |
| 1973 | Terebratula Marasti p. 113 |
| 1995 | Terebratula Pacaud and Le Renard p. 151 |
| 1999 | Terebratula Wienrich p. 282 |
| 2001 | Terebratula Bitner and Martinell p. 180 |
| 2002 | Terebratula Sepkoski |
| 2006 | Terebratula Williams et al. p. 2054 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Terebratula Müller 1776
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Subg. †Terebratula (Waldheimia) King 1850
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†Terebratula (Waldheimia) timorensis Krumbeck 1924
Subg. †Waldheimia (Zeilleria) Bayle 1878
†Waldheimia carinata Lamarck 1877
†Waldheimia mutabilis Oppel 1861
†Waldheimia neohispanica Böse 1923
†Waldheimia pentagona Kutorga 1842
†Waldheimia planoconvexa Bittner 1902
†Waldheimia porrecta Bittner 1904
†Waldheimia schlosseri Dacque 1905
†Waldheimia waldeggiana Zugmayer 1882
†Waldheimia woodwardi Walker 1867
†Terebratula aequalis Klipstein 1843
†Terebratula ampulla Brocchi 1814
†Terebratula anatina de Loriol 1895
†Terebratula arabilis Forbes 1846
†Terebratula bartonensis Muir-Wood 1933
†Terebratula bipartita Münster 1841
†Terebratula birdlipensis Rollier 1918
†Terebratula bisuffarcinata Noetling 1887
†Terebratula brevirostris Szajnocha 1879
†Terebratula bronni Klipstein 1843
†Terebratula bukowskii Bittner 1902
†Terebratula bussoni Dubar 1967
†Terebratula calabra Seguenza 1871
†Terebratula campaniensis d'Orbigny 1847
†Terebratula coahuilensis Imlay 1940
†Terebratula cogidumni Elliott 1954
†Terebratula coreyi Hertlein and Grant IV 1944
†Terebratula crassa d'Archiac 1847
†Terebratula djeffarae Dubar 1967
†Terebratula doueensis Rollier 1918
†Terebratula durrelli Anderson 1938
†Terebratula flemingii Davidson 1862
†Terebratula fragilis Schlotheim 1814
†Terebratula furciliensis Haas 1890
†Terebratula gesneri Etalon 1861
†Terebratula gesneri sensu Etalon 1861
†Terebratula gomesi Choffat 1947
†Terebratula gortanii Jaboli 1959
†Terebratula grossulus Suess 1840
†Terebratula hannana Anderson 1938
†Terebratula hoernesi Suess 1886
†Terebratula intervallata Bittner 1892
†Terebratula italica Bitner and Dieni 2005
†Terebratula kanei Imlay 1940
†Terebratula kemenczeiensis Majer 1915
†Terebratula kittlii Bittner 1902
†Terebratula lacunosa Thunberg 1789
†Terebratula laczkoi Bittner 1912
†Terebratula lamberti Douville 1886
†Terebratula lamellosa Thomson and Owen 1979
†Terebratula lapichensis Pajaud 1970
†Terebratula laricimontana Bittner 1890
†Terebratula latissima Sowerby 1829
†Terebratula liscaviensis Giebel 1856
†Terebratula liusa Pajaud 1972
†Terebratula macrescens Dreger 1889
†Terebratula marbachensis Rollier 1918
†Terebratula marylandica Roberts 1922
†Terebratula matmatensis Dubar 1967
†Terebratula maxima Friedberg 1924
†Terebratula minuta Moore 1861
Terebratula moseleyi Davidson 1878
†Terebratula movelierensis Mühlberg 1900
†Terebratula neglecta Bittner 1904
†Terebratula pachydentata Trechmann 1917
†Terebratula pectunculus Quenstedt 1858
†Terebratula perforata Desnoyers 1825
†Terebratula phillipsii Morris and Davidson 1847
†Terebratula praecox Bittner 1902
†Terebratula pseudoscillae Sacco 1902
†Terebratula quinqueplicata Zieten 1830
†Terebratula ranieri Catullo 1842
†Terebratula retrocarinata Rothpletz 1886
†Terebratula rulliacensis Bouillerie 1922
†Terebratula salvatoris Greco 1899
†Terebratula scillae Segeunza 1871
†Terebratula seccoi Parona 1882
†Terebratula semicostata Münster 1841
†Terebratula sillimani Imlay 1937
†Terebratula sinuosa Brocchi 1814
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Invalid names: Anomia pedemontana Lamarck 1818 [synonym], Terebratula maugerii Boni 1933 [synonym]
†Terebratula siracusana Seguenza 1871
†Terebratula sphenoidalis Meneghini 1874
†Terebratula spinosa Valenciennes 1819
†Terebratula spondylodes Smith 1817
†Terebratula sturi Laube 1865
†Terebratula sturii Laube 1865
†Terebratula styriaca Dreger 1889
†Terebratula suborbicularis Münster 1841
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Invalid names: Terebratula semiplicata Klipstein 1843 [synonym]
†Terebratula subturgidula Krumbeck 1924
†Terebratula superstes Douvillé 1916
†Terebratula suspecta Bittner 1902
†Terebratula suttonensis Clapp and Shimer 1911
†Terebratula tamaulipana Imlay 1937
†Terebratula taurolata Sacco 1902
†Terebratula tenniensis Rollier 1918
†Terebratula terebratula Linnaeus 1758
†Terebratula tetragona Roemer 1839
†Terebratula thurmanni Rollier 1918
Terebratula transversa Sowerby 1846
†Terebratula trifonovi Jassjukevitch 1973
†Terebratula trigona Quenstedt 1852
Terebratula unguiculus Carpenter 1864
†Terebratula veszpremica Bittner 1890
†Terebratula vitrea Born 1778
†Terebratula wittnichi Choffat 1880
Terebratula wyvilli Davidson 1878
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
| part | N | mean | minimum | maximum | median | s.d. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| height | 5 | 10.8 | 0.900 | 32.5 | 23.8 | 13.1 | |
| shell height | 61 | 11.6 | 0.300 | 39.4 | 15.8 | 10.6 | |
| valve height | 1 | 7.20 | - | - | - | - |
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| Source: f = family, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Wordian to the top of the Calabrian or 266.90000 to 0.77400 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 264.28 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 264.28 Ma
Collections (531 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wordian | Australia (New South Wales) | T. sp. (98110 133337) | |
| Griesbachian - Dienerian | Svalbard and Jan Mayen | T. wittenburgi (211949) | |
| Triassic | USA (Alaska) | T. sp. (112296) | |
| Dienerian | Svalbard and Jan Mayen | T. margaritori (212784) | |
| Anisian | Svalbard and Jan Mayen | T. sp. (211959) | |
| Anisian | Italy (South Tyrol) | T. vulgaris (205097) | |
| Anisian | Hungary (Bakony) | T. vulgaris (203241 203266) | |
| Anisian | Bosnia and Herzegovina | T. kittlii (206720) T. venetiana (206611) | |
| Anisian | Italy | T. sp. nov. (137009) T. vulgaris (136187) | |
| Anisian | Germany (Thuringia) | T. angusta (212635) | |
| Illyrian | Hungary (Bakony) | T. vulgaris (203242) | |
| Illyrian | Bosnia and Herzegovina | T. sp. (137002) | |
| Illyrian | Germany | T. laricimontana (136995) | |
| Pelsonian | Bosnia and Herzegovina | T. vulgaris (206612) | |
| Anisian - Ladinian | Serbia and Montenegro | T. praecox (203795) T. praecox, T. bukowskii (203797) | |
| Anisian - Ladinian | Italy (Udine) | Waldheimia planoconvexa (203796) | |
| Anisian - Ladinian | Bosnia and Herzegovina | T. kittlii (203815) T. vulgaris, T. suspecta (203799 203800) | |
| Middle Triassic | Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) | T. vulgaris, T. liscaviensis (201970) | |
| Middle Triassic | Bosnia and Herzegovina | T. praecox (203840 203842) T. vulgaris (206735) | |
| Middle Triassic | Italy (Trento) | T. vulgaris (202272) | |